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3SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS VOLUME 4 I ISSUE 4 I 2023 _ISSN: 2181-1601
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EXPRESSION OF ACTION VERBS IN ARABIC AND COMPARISON WITH
UZBEK ACTION VERBS
Zilola Iskandarovna Mirzamukhamedova
Teacher of the Department of Languages 1, Al-Bukhari University
ABSTRACT
This article provides a semantic analysis of the structure of verbs in Arabic and highlights the types and expressions. The purpose of this scientific work is to categorize action verbs in Arabic and explain them by comparing them with Uzbek action verb categories.
Key words: action verbs, types of action verbs, categorization, prophets, connection, concept of action.
INTRODUCTION
Verbs of action represent the actions of living (in some cases inanimate) beings in different directions and ways. The action verbs themselves are a separate system among several semantic groups of verbs. The meanings of verbs are wide and diverse, and their detailed study has important theoretical and practical methodological significance. As a result of the analysis of action verbs in the Uzbek language, their general and specific aspects were determined.
In Arabic linguistics, verbs mean words that express action. Such words express determination, renewal and happening. Arab linguists define the verb in this way.
BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE It is known that in Uzbek linguistics, the concept of action is relatively widely studied and analyzed, it can be observed in the scientific research works of Uzbek scientists. Because, in these scientific works, not only actions from one point to another point, but also various actions performed in different directions and in different ways are partially studied. Uzbek linguist scientist I. Kochkortoyev1 studied the following semantic directions of the verb in the Uzbek language.
1) Action verbs
2) Sense verbs
3) Action verbs
4) Verbs of change
5) Verbs of existence
6) Relative verbs
1 Qo'chqortoyev I.K. Семантическая классификация глаголов в узбекском языке. Ташкент 1981
Uzbekistan www.scientificprogress.uz Page 254
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7) Imitative verbs
Semantic features of certain verbs of action in the Uzbek language were also studied in the article "Verbs of action in the Uzbek language" by M. Orazov. He divides action verbs into 2 groups.
1) Action verbs - to write, to read, to analyze, to collect (yozmoq, o'qimoq, tahlil qilmoq,yig'moq)
2) Verbs of excitement - to enter, to leave, to move away, to go (kirmoq, chiqmoq, uzoqlashmoq, bormoq)
The author says that the main difference between these two groups of verbs is their grammatical characteristics. That is, group 1 verbs are transitive. Group 2 verbs are intransitive.
METHODOLOGY
Semantic analysis, and classification methods and analysis methods were widely used in this scientific work to find the correct solution to the goal.
The effect of the addition of the accusative ratio is great in the emergence of the meaning of active action in verbs. In many cases, this addition creates an action sense in case-based verbs: laugh (action verb) - laugh (action verb); This gives rise to the causativeness typical of the verbs of sense in linguistics. The object valence of action verbs is fundamentally different from the object valence of state verbs. Because object valence and causativeness occur on the basis of the object acting of state verbs, but this is not the case with action verbs.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS "The verb expresses a specific behavior, and this behavior belongs to the owner or to some event." Dr. Mustafa Jamoliddin says: "In my opinion, the phrase to happen represents the symbolic meaning of the word verb. Also, this phrase is somewhat close to the meaning of renewal, change."
One of the famous Arab linguists, Hifni Nasif, in his work "Ad-durus an-Nahwiya" gives the following definition of the verb: "Each word denoting the time of action is called a verb. The verb is divided into three parts: past tense, present tense, imperative tense. For example: he wrote, he is writing, write!
A verb indicating that an action happened in the past is called a past tense verb. About verbs of action, ^^ 6^-jJl AP A-^a a^Ija ^jj^JI jljall ^i jl^j^J AjKJI "AjJI^I", U^-j ^JU jjjSja in the scientific study ^i Aj^UJI AjSj^JI Jui^l A^sIja ASj^Jl "SJLJI , JIjj in the work of o* jljP ^i ASj^Jl Jl*il and (jljjJl AP JUS jjj£ja
^Jl^ in the work ^i AjjjI^iI A^iIja "AJ^aj <J*iJl ASj^., by AjSIjaVI ^njUiiJl A^Ij
A^IJ fjj^Jl jljSJl ^i ASjJl jUil"U.Aj^j "^JI" "UAj^j "^2l" AJSIJA^I ^jjl^Ul - jjl I^J A^^ AJ^i , Jj^jJI jjjaIa IjaU - ^JI^j ^JIa^ , as well as " ^jlj^Jl jU^ll ^i I^jVVj j ^jj^JI jljSU ^i Jl*il
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"UiVI Uij^ ^¿j^l jjSj^ of jj&j^ and the work : " Jt*il
jILl ^i of Jj^jj ^l the verbs of action were also analyzed.
"In the development of any language, its most changing and fastest moving part is its lexicon"2, so studying this area in linguistics is one of the most important issues at all times.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION Imad Abdurahman Halil Shalabi in his master's dissertation "Study of verbs of human
"5
direction in the Holy Qur'an and their semantics" divides the types of verbs in the Qur'an into 13 groups according to their meaning. (see table 1)
Tablel.
13 types of verbs in the Qur'an
№ Types In Arabic
1. Action verbs that mean moving forward ,JJSI
2. Action verbs that mean going
back
3. Verbs of action meaning to prohibit, block, destroy
4. Verbs of movement in the direction of rotation
5. Action verbs with the meaning
of exit and departure i^c, ¿IL, ,. ^
6. Verbs with the meaning of ,CJ^ ,j^ji
expansion
7. Verbs of action meaning to arrive somewhere
8. Action verbs in the meaning of j^
acceleration and running
9. Action verbs meaning slow movement
10. Action verbs in the sense of entering a place
11. Action verbs in the sense of meeting
2 O'zbek tili leksikologiyasi.-Toshkent.: Fan,1981.-4-bet
3
AJJI^^I AJV^ A^IJJ fjjUl jljïll ^a jUj^J AjKJl AJlnJl ASJ^JI jUil ^JIÙ Jjk o^Jl ^ 2010
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12. Action verbs in the sense of moving up
13. Action verbs related to specific situations
In his dissertation, Imad Abdurahman Halil Shalabi described that many verbs of movement in the Holy Qur'an, which give the meaning of the direction of a person, have a clear meaning of moving forward. He also said that the action verbs in the Holy Qur'an are generally related to prophets, and in particular, we can find many verbs with this meaning in the Surahs of Yusuf and Ibrahim. Some action verbs are associated with a certain class of people, for example, Muslims, infidels. And at the same time, he explained that these verbs have two meanings, that is, to warn the polytheists and to give good news to Muslims. In the Holy Qur'an, verbs of action express that they are carried out only in a certain place and in a certain time. For example, the verb the meaning of the verb ^ is to set out early in the morning, to set off in the morning, and this verb indicates that the action is carried out in the morning. And the verb Jj^ - to sink is a verb that is used with water. In some verses, verbs of action in the Holy Qur'an represent human action verbs, while in some verses, it is the opposite. For example, the verb ¿SI can be associated with a person or death. When it comes to a person, the object of action is a person. When it comes in connection with death, it comes in a figurative sense. Some verbs express the meaning of a person's unwillingness, and some verbs express the meaning of the purity of a person's will. These verbs are related to certain classes of people. In the Holy Qur'an, the speed of human movement is limited by certain verbs.4
CONCLUSION
In general, there are two opposing sides in the system of forming words from verbs in the Arabic language, one of which is to perform an action for oneself (self) and to focus on an object or action-action itself. It means that the object itself performs (inaction). The morphological indicator of identity is the element There are
intensive and extensive aspects that form the basis of the verb, and they mean the strengthening of the action and its repeated occurrence, the mutual performance of the action. The analysis of action verbs in the Uzbek language shows their general and specific aspects were determined, while in Arabic some action verbs are associated with a certain class of people, and at the same time, these verbs have two meanings, that is, to warn the polytheists and to give good news to Muslims. The verbs of action express that they are carried out only in a certain place and in a certain time.
4
^jlù Jjk o^j ^ V'1' aJV^ fjjSJl jljäll ^a jl^OJ AJÜHJI jUaU 2010
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