3Tashkent Medical Academy Integration of Science, Education and Practice in Modern Psychology,
Pedagogy: a Problem and Solutions
Toshkent tibbiyot akademiyasi Zamonaviy psixologiya, pedagogikada fan, ta'lim va amaliyot integratsiyasi:
muammo va yechimlar
EXPLORING ANXIETY FACTORS AMONG INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS: A CROSS-CULTURAL ANALYSIS
Dwivedi Kalash
4th year medical student Tashkent Medical Academy
Sardor Dursunov
Scientific adviser, Assistant of department pedagogy, psychology, and languages of
the Tashkent Medical Academy
ABSTRACT:
This study used chi-square analysis to examine the relationship between various factors and anxiety levels in students. The findings revealed a significant association such as anxiety, poor sleep, frequent stress-related dreams, obsessive-compulsive behaviours, psychiatric diagnosis, and ineffective stress management Between the diagnosed levels of anxiety.
Keywords: Anxiety disorders, Students adults, Chi-square analysis, Psychological diagnosis, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
АННОТАЦИЯ
В этом исследовании использовался анализ хи-квадрат для изучения взаимосвязи между различными факторами и уровнями тревожности у студентов. Результаты выявили значительную связь между диагностированными уровнями тревоги, такую как тревога, плохой сон, частые сны, связанные со стрессом, обсессивно-компульсивное поведение, психологический диагноз и неэффективное управление стрессом.
Ключевые слова: Тревожные расстройства, подростковый переуд студентов, анализ хи-квадрат, Психологический диагноз, Опросник тревожности Спилбергера
Introduction:
Anxiety disorders signify a major public health concern, mainly among students adults, with reflective implications for mental health, quality of life, and overall well-being. Defined by moods of fear, worry, and apprehension, anxiety disorders can mark in various forms, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobias. Research indicates that
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anxiety disorders often emerge during teenage years and students, making this demographic particularly vulnerable to their effects.
Understanding the factors that contribute to anxiety levels in students people is important for the development of targeted interventions and programs to help reduce its impact. Although individual differences play a role in the development and expression of anxiety, environmental perceptions and many social factors interact to affect anxiety levels These factors include learning-related stressors and of job demands, interpersonal relationships, financial pressures and social expectations In addition, physiological factors such as sleep disorders, medication use, and genetic predisposition can contribute to increased anxiety.
Sleep quality in particular is strongly associated with mental health outcomes, and poor sleep quality often exacerbates anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, individuals with a family history of anxiety disorders may be at increased risk for developing anxiety themselves, suggesting that there may be a genetic predisposition to anxiety Strategies used by students adults to cope with stress and anxiety may also influence anxiety levels. Effective coping strategies such as problem solving, seeking social
support, and relaxation techniques can help reduce anxiety symptoms and release overall resilience effective In contrast, negative coping behaviours such as avoidance, substance use, and rumination may perpetuate anxiety and contribute to its perpetuation. Given the multifaceted nature of anxiety, comprehensive assessments that consider various factors are essential for understanding its etiology and informing targeted interventions. The current study aims to explore the association between diverse factors, including tense due to anxiety, sleep patterns, dreams due to stress, addiction, diagnosis of psychological illness, coping mechanisms for dealing with stress, and anxiety levels among students. By employing a chi-square analysis, we seek to elucidate the complex interplay of these factors and their impact on anxiety levels, ultimately informing the development of tailored interventions to support students in managing anxiety and promoting mental well-being.
In addition to individual and environmental factors, cultural influences also play an important role in shaping the anxiety experiences of students and adults. Cultural norms, norms, and expectations about emotions, success, and interpersonal relationships can influence how anxiety is perceived, expressed, and dealt with in different cultures For example, the culture of prioritization of academic or career advancement may place additional pressure on individuals to succeed, leading to work- Increased anxiety about income Conversely, a culture that emphasizes collectivism and social solidarity may foster coping strategies that focus on social
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support achieving and maintaining team cohesion to promote anxiety prevention Understanding the cultural nuances of anxiety is critical to effectively developing culturally sensitive interventions for needs diverse populations.
Furthermore, technological advances and the pervasive influence of social media emerged as important sources of anxiety among students and adults. Constant exposure to ready-made images of success and happiness on social media platforms can exacerbate feelings of inadequacy, social comparison and fear of missing out (FOMO), thereby causing anxiety symptoms of anxiety have increased , further increasing levels of anxiety Exploring the impact of technology on anxiety and identifying ways to promote digital quality are important considerations in contemporary research on anxiety relief.
By examining the complex interplay of personal, environmental, cultural, and technological factors, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of anxiety experiences among students and adults around. Through rigorous analysis and interpretation of the data collected through the developed questionnaire, we seek to identify modifiable factors that can be targeted in interventions aimed at reducing anxiety on to promote mental health and wellbeing. Ultimately, the findings of this study have the potential to inform evidence-based strategies and programs for managing anxiety in educational and workplace settings, and ultimately for individuals affected by anxiety disorders the whole life goes up. Moreover, research underscores the interplay between environmental stressors and person vulnerabilities in shaping tension ranges. Stressors encompass academic pressures, activity demands, interpersonal conflicts, monetary lines, and societal expectations, every contributing to heightened anxiety. Physiological factors together with sleep disturbances, remedy usage, and genetic predispositions in addition complicate the tension landscape. Sleep exceptional emerges as a tremendous determinant of mental fitness, with negative sleep exacerbating anxiety signs. Additionally, familial predispositions underscore the genetic underpinnings of tension disorders, highlighting the significance of early intervention and preventive measures. Effective coping techniques, including hassle-fixing and social aid seeking, can mitigate tension signs and bolster resilience. Conversely, maladaptive coping mechanisms consisting of avoidance and substance use perpetuate tension, underscoring the need for targeted interventions tailored to character desires.
Methodology
Study Design: This study used a cross-sectional design to examine the relationship between various factors and anxiety levels in students adults.
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Participants: Participants included 30 students aged 18-25 years recruited from university campuses of TMA Inclusion criteria included individuals aged 18-25 years with no history of serious mental illness.
Data Collection
1.Measurement of anxiety levels: The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), which consists of state anxiety (temporary, situational) and trait anxiety (persistent, chronic) a widely used measure of anxiety levels assessed anxiety levels. Participants completed the STAI questionnaire to provide a quantitative assessment of their level of anxiety.
2.Questionnaire Development: we included a detailed description of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was carefully designed to allow for a comprehensive assessment of anxiety, based on established cognitive and psychosocial measures. Key aspects of anxiety such as somatic symptoms, sleep problems, coping strategies, age, sex, occupation and other demographic variables were carefully considered in question selection This approach checks found that the questionnaire captures a broad range of anxiety-related items. The questionnaire incorporates previously identified measures of anxiety symptoms and their impact on daily functioning, helping to understand the full range of participants' experiences with anxiety.
3. Attachment Analysis: - Stress due to anxiety: Participants indicated that they often felt stressed or experienced muscle tension due to anxiety. - Sleep patterns: Sleep quality and quality were assessed through self-report measures, which assessed the frequency and severity of sleep disturbances - Dreams due to stress: Participants reported whether they had lucid dreams or nightmares due to stress. Addiction: Participants displayed any addictive behaviour or drug use that could affect anxiety levels. - Psychiatric diagnosis: Participants indicated that they had been diagnosed with any mental health condition, such as anxiety or depression.
Stress coping: Stress management strategies are developed through self-report systems, including problem-solving strategies, social support-seeking, and avoidance behaviours
3. Data Analysis: A chi-square test was employed to analyse the association between each factor and anxiety levels among participants. The chi-square test determined whether there was a significant relationship between categorical variables, such as tense due to anxiety, sleep patterns, dreams due to stress, addiction, diagnosis of psychological illness, coping mechanisms, and anxiety levels.
By employing a comprehensive methodology encompassing self-report measures and statistical analyses, this study aims to elucidate the multifaceted nature
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of anxiety and its associated factors among students adults, providing valuable insights for targeted interventions and support strategies to promote mental well-being.
Result:
"Association Between Various Factors and Anxiety Levels"
Mean Anxiety Score (High) _ . _ . ^ .. _
. . Frequency of Frequency of Distribution Distribution
OMean Anxiet2i3Mean Anxiety0 . M t y 60 . t 80 , n 100 , n 120 Score (Hi h) Score (Low) Symptoms Symptoms of Responses of Responses ( (High Anxiety) (Low Anxiety) (High Anxiety) (Low Anxiety)
I Tense due to Anxiety 47,3
Sleep Patterns 3,1
I Dreams due to Stress 4,1
Addiction 3,5
i DiagnosifTefnPsiydUeleg Anxiety^
I Dealing with Stress 3,5 ■ Addiction
38,4 4,2 2,6 4,1
3,7 ■ Sleep Pattens 4,2
15 15 15 11 12 10
9 21 15 19
15 15 15 11
Diagnosis of Psychological Illness
Dreams due to Stress
20 10 I Dealing with Stress
21 9 15
19 18
20
"Association Between Various Factors and Anxiety Levels"
Distribution of Responses (Low Anxiety) 9 15 19 20
Distribution of Responses (High Anxiety) ^115 15 15 11 H12 10
Frequency of Symptoms (Low Anxiety) H9 21 15 19 20
Frequency of Symptoms (High Anxiety) ^115 15 15 11 H12 10 Mean Anxiety Score (Low)
Mean Anxiety Score (High) ^^^^^^147,3 3,14,13,53,75,5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
■ Tense due to Anxiety ■ Sleep Patterns ■ Dreams due to Stress
■ Addiction ■ Diagnosis of Psychological Illness ■ Dealing with Stress
The chi-square test was employed to investigate the association between various factors and anxiety levels among the participants. The calculated chi-square statistic was found to be 24.76, with 5 degrees of freedom. Comparing this to the critical value of 11.07 (at a = 0.05), we found that the calculated statistic exceeds the critical value, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis.
Furthermore, the chi-square test results revealed a statistically significant association between the examined factors, including experiencing muscle tension due to anxiety, changes in sleep patterns, stress-related dreams, history of psychological illness diagnosis, effectiveness in managing stress, and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores, and anxiety levels among participants (%2 = 23.63, df = 5, p < 0.05).
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Tashkent Medical Academy Integration of Science, Education and Practice in Modern Psychology,
Pedagogy: a Problem and Solutions
Toshkent tibbiyot akademiyasi Zamonaviy psixologiya, pedagogikada fan, ta'lim va amaliyot integratsiyasi:
_mumovayechimlaL
Besides , it was observed that stress handling was associated with increased anxiety levels among students . This highlights the significance of considering not only symptoms but also the underlying elements of anxiety when devising interventions and treatment tactics., Spielberger State Symptom Anxiety Inventory scores a inclusion provided valuable insight into participants' anxiety levels, further supporting the relationship between these factors and anxiety
Discussion: The discussion delves into the implications of the study findings, their relevance to broader anxiety research, and possible avenues for future research.
Interpretation of findings: Chi-square analyses revealed significant associations between various factors and levels of anxiety among participants. In particular, emerging as anxiety, sleep patterns, stress-induced dreams, addiction, psychopathological diagnosis, and coping strategies are key variables affecting anxiety levels, these findings highlight the multifaceted nature of concern and the need for a holistic approach to management.
Implications for clinical practice: Important findings of the study have important implications for clinical practice. Health care professionals, including psychologists, psychiatrists, and primary care physicians, should adopt holistic approaches to anxiety that address not only psychological symptoms but social determinants under as well as coping mechanisms. Combining evidence-based interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), and pharmacotherapy can help individuals better manage their anxiety and has improved their overall quality of life
Related to public health: Understanding the causes of anxiety is important for public health interventions aimed at promoting psychological well-being. By identifying high-risk populations and targeting interventions accordingly, public health officials can reduce the burden of anxiety disorders on both individuals and society. Educational campaigns, community-based programs, and access to mental health resources are important components of a comprehensive public health strategy to address anxiety
Cconclusion: In conclusion, this study contributes to our understanding of the multifaceted nature of anxiety and highlights the importance of addressing diversity in its assessment and management. Through a holistic approach that includes mind, body, and environment, health professionals can effectively help individuals manage their anxiety and achieve optimal well-being. Continued research and collaboration across the disciplines is essential to advance our knowledge of anxiety and to develop effective interventions to reduce its impact on individuals and society.
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Tashkent Medical Academy Integration of Science, Education and Practice in Modern Psychology,
Pedagogy: a Problem and Solutions
Toshkent tibbiyot akademiyasi Zamonaviy psixologiya, pedagogikada fan, ta'lim va amaliyot integratsiyasi:
_mumovayechimlaL
In conclusion, anxiety disorders pose a considerable challenge to the well-being of students adults. These conditions, marked by feelings of fear and worry, can significantly impact mental health and overall quality of life. Given that anxiety disorders often surface during adolescence and early adulthood, it's crucial to address them effectively. By understanding the multifaceted nature of anxiety and considering various contributing factors, we can develop more tailored interventions to support students adults in managing their anxiety and improving their mental health. Also, fostering a compassionate understanding climate is important to reduce stigma associated with anxiety problems and encourage help-seeking behaviours among adolescents. By increasing mental health awareness and open discussion a by encouraging it we can create supportive communities where individuals feel comfortable seeking help and accessing appropriate resources.
Both studies revealed significant associations between these factors and anxiety levels, emphasizing the need for comprehensive approaches to anxiety Drug findings emphasize the importance of measuring individual behaviours that do not only the psychological aspects of anxiety but emphasizing social factors, coping strategies, and social support networks. Health professionals take all approaches to managing anxiety, and the condition is multifaceted. By incorporating strategies such as psychosocial therapies, stress management strategies, and lifestyle modifications, practitioners can empower individuals to better manage their anxiety and improve their overall well-being.
While the study provides valuable insights, there are some limitations that need to be considered. Future research should use more comprehensive designs and objectives to further elucidate the dynamics of anxiety and related factors. Furthermore, interventions tailored to specific populations and contexts may provide more targeted and effective results.
REFERENCES
1. Bandelow, B., & Michaelis, S. (2015). Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(3), 327-335.
2. Baxter, A. J., Scott, K. M., Vos, T., & Whiteford, H. A. (2013). Global prevalence of anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-regression. Psychological Medicine, 43(5), 897-910. doi:10.1017/S003329171200147X
3. Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427-440. doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1
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4.Nevroz Buziilishi Va Davolashda Umumiy Qonuniyatlar S Dursunov, M Ergashev Academic research in educational sciences 4 (TMA Conference), 1046-1051 5.Spielberger, C. D. (2010). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology (pp. 1-1). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. doi: 10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0943
6. Maner, S., Shaikh, A. A., & Axmat o'g'li, D. S. (2023). Risk factors and symptoms of emotional disorders among undergraduate medical students at tashkent medical academy, uzbekistan. imras, 6(8), 300-305.
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