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8EXPLOITATION OF EXPANDED CLAY IN CONSTRUCTION
Bakhromjon Adhamovich Otakulov Khumoyun Sharifjon o'gli Sultonov
Phd. Docent of Fergana Polytechnic Assistant of Fergana Polytechnic Institute Institute
ABSTRACT
Here is a brief overview of expanded clay concrete, which is now widely used in the construction materials industry, and its application in construction.
Key words: expanded clay sand, expanded clay, dry, plastic, powder-plastic, wet (slip), fractional roller grinder, yield factor
Claydite sand is obtained from the firing of clayey rocks with different grain content. Heat treatment of the fine-grained fraction is carried out in the boiling layer to accelerate the firing. Depending on the type of raw material, a semi-dry or plastic method is used.
In the semi-dry method, the raw materials are dried on a chain-link drying drum and ground in a hammer grinder, and then passed through a 5 mm mesh sieve.Plastic granules are made like expanded clay gravel. The obtained granules are dried to 10-12% humidity, crushed and passed through a 5 mm sieve. Not only claydite gravel but also fine-grained expanded clay sand is required for the production of expanded clay concrete products. Production of expanded clay sand in a rotary kiln does not give good results. In the production of expanded clay gravel, during the heat treatment, a sandy fraction is formed during the decomposition of the fragments, but these grains are relatively heavy and the fine particles of the clay raw material do not multiply in practice, i.e. The separation begins early. In addition, in the high temperature zone, small grains heat up faster than large grains, which increases the likelihood that they will melt and stick to the gravel grains. Claydite concrete is mainly used for wall materials.
The most effective for wall panels is lightweight expanded clay gravel with a density of M300, M400, M500. The density of structural-heat-resistant expanded clay concrete used for single-layer wall panels is 900-1100 kg / m3, the compressive strength limit is 5-7.5 MPa. In the structure, concrete simultaneously performs the functions of load-bearing and heat protection. Load-bearing capacity of two- or three-layer wall panels is provided by single and sometimes double-layer expanded clay concrete, provided by a large porous heat-resistant expanded clay concrete layer with a thermal insulation density of 500-600 kg / m3. Studies show that the transition from single-layer panel construction to two or three-layer and wall panels increases the quality and durability of panels based on structural and heat-resistant expanded clay concrete, which performs
the functions of load-bearing and heat protection, reduces material consumption. Large porous expanded clay concrete that protects against heat is a very lightweight concrete. At the lowest consumption of cement, its density is less than the density of expanded clay gravel piles. interlocking panels are widely used in construction, which in turn simplifies the construction.
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