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23
Dr. Lleshi Enkeleida, Tase Ela,
Sports University of Tirana, Sport Sciences Research Institute Department Research Applied Movement E-mail: [email protected]
EVALUATING THE VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE WITH THE HELP OF ARM AT FEMALE & MALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS OF YOUNG AGES IN ALBANIA
Abstract: Even in Albania, volleyball sport is a highly developed sport. Vertical cross-country skiing is combined with the assessment of the strength and strength of the muscles of the lower extremities that are fundamental components of the volleyball game's work. The Countermove-ment Jump with arm (CMJA) test as a specific specifically for the assessment of the offensive force ofvolleyball players. Methods: 24 volleyball players, Female (F) & Males (M) 16.8 ± 1 year average were tested in CMJA at the Leonardo Platform in UST. Field tests have been carried out; Body Height (BH cm), Body Mass (BMI% kg/m2), Body Weight (BW kg), Touch-to-field facility, and tactile tapping of the object, Force(F max), Power(P max) and gravity shift relationship Jump Height(jH). Results: The differences between the two groups found in the study resulted in significant differences in BH cm (F - 172, M - 187.3), BW kg (F - 62.2, M - 79.3), BMI kg / m2 (F - 21.1, M - 22.6), Jump place in JP cm (F - 266, M - 310), Jump Attack in JA cm (F -274, M - 321). But even the data captured by the Leonardo platform in the CMJA test gives us a noticeable difference between the two groups; (F - 6.4, M - 4.5), P max (F - 3.08, M - 4.78) and diff P max Left & Right(F - 2.59, M - 0.56), V max m/%(F - 5.2, M - 4.4). Conclusion: This study evaluated and noted the differences between the two sexes of an age group of volleyball players in Albania. The results obtained suggest changes to the performance of sports in "vertical jump" in the parameters of force, speed, and power. These indicators are valid for any trainer or volleyball player to implement a detailed and specific training program for the further development of the physical qualities of volleyball players, especially vertical tipping in gaining the lower extremity muscular power.
Keywords: volleyball, countermovement jump arm.
Introduction in world volleyball, in addition to improving the
The studies that I've done have consistently body height ofplayers, is the increase in the vertical been the basis for the volleyball sport in the new jump level. The best perfection of a vertical jump is age of 15-18 years old. Achieving high levels of achieved with a purposeful training to increase the modernity requires a great deal of study, a research jump height, the high degree of muscular activity work to develop and perfect physical performance achieved with a specific training program. With in professional sports. The important tendency vertical jump, we understand the athlete's ability
to elevate his body's gravity center with the help of dynamic muscular work of lower extremities. Physiological studies on this discipline have shown how a volleyball player should possess and increase, through training, the ability to develop explosive strength and to reuse elastic energy. Any physical exercises, they may be defined by means of the volume expressed by work performed during jumps [2, 561-566] or by the number of jumps [3, 495-506] as well as by intensity, which is usually defined by such parameters as ground reaction
forces (GRFP) and the rate of force development [4, 763-767; 5, 58-61].
Subject & Method
The subjects of this study were 12 Female & 12 Male volleyball player participating in the championship of volleyball in Albania. The main objective is to see to these volleyball players aged 16 years old differences in changes in the measurements of some functional parameters. It will be possible to see the state of the level of volleyball player's in our country through measurement and data analysis.
Table 1.- Measurements volleyball players in ground
Groups FEMALE(F) MALE(M)
Mean Age Age Age
Body Height (BH) cm (BH) cm
Body Wight (BW) kg (BW ) kg
Body Mass BMI% kg/m2 BMI%kg/m2
Jump Place JP JP
Jump Attack JA JA
Protocols of the Test Performed
Tests protocol that we used in this experiment was designed to assess the capacity of all parameters of vertical jump height. These tests called Bosco tests describe the method used to measure the power, the strength of the lower extremities. Tests is performed on laboratory equipment platform Leonardo® system Ground Reaction Force Plate (GRFP) in University of Sports, Tirana.
Countermovement jump test with the help of Arm- CMJA; Jump against action (move) without the aid of the arms CMJ, but the athlete begins testing position at attention and takes off refractive limbs bottom up to 90° with the help of the arm to pick up momentum to jump in platform GRFP. This test assesses the strength of the energy reuse explosive elastic [6, 60-78]. The use of wings in the vertical jump indicates the duration of an impulse. Photo Leonardo Platforme (Figure 1).
Results
The following table 2 and graphic1 presents the average data of the two groups from field
Figure 1.
measurements. There between the sexes.
are visible differences
Table 2.- Measurements volleyball players in ground
Nr Group Mean Age Body Height cm Body Wight kg Body Mass Kg/m2 Jump Place cm Jump Attack cm
12 FEMALE 16.9 172 62.2 21.1 266 274
Max 79.3 22.6 245 310 2.95 0.56
Min 62.2 21.1 62.2 21.1 2.59 0.45
12 MALE 16.8 187.3 79.3 22.6 310 321
Max 79.3 172 245 310 321 0.56
Mini 16.9 21.1 62.2 21.1 0.45 0.45
■ FEMALE MALE
Age BH cm BW kg BMI kg/m JP JA
Graphicl. Measurements volleyball players in ground The results obtained from the GRFP platform (tables 3) and (graphic 2). The average values of the of the specific tests developed by the groups given groups taken in the anti-action test of the CMJA are in the study will be presented below in separate presented.
Table 3.- Measurements CMJA tests in "Leonardo" platform Female&Male
Nr Group Jump Height m Vmax m/s Fmax kn diff.Fmax Left-Right % Pmax kw diff.Pmax Left-Right %
12 FEMALE 0.45 2.59 1.42 6.4 3.08 5.2
Max 0.98 6.4 2.49 4.78 2.36 2.43
Min 0.72 4.05 2.34 3.08 1.53 1.55
12 MALE 0.56 2.95 1.93 4.05 4.78 4.42
Max 0.98 6.4 2.49 6.4 3.08 5.2
Mini 0.45 2.59 1.42 3.08 1.53 1.55
The table shows the data of Male &Female volleyball players in the tests done in "Leonardo" platform and the average data of the two groups from field measurements. Max force (F max) and max power
(P max) are relatively poor values (low) compared with the results that a volleyball player should have during a vertical jump. Volleyball players according to a study [1, 44-45] reports that the vertical jump
height is within the range of75-90cm which reflects the fact that the excessive increase of the maximum strength of the lower extremities results in a reduction in the speed of the movement, namely the reduction the level ofvolleyball dance from the ground.
Specifically from what is presented above in Table 3 of the descriptive analysis values obtained from GFRP in Jump height Female 0.45 < Male 0.56, Vmax was detected Female 2.59 < Male 2.95, Fmax was detected for Female 1.42 < Male 1.93 kN. The
left and right footing differences on the leftforms were for Female 6.4% > Male 4.05%. The power ratings obtained on the platform are Female 3.08 < <Male 4.78 and the differences between left and right foot Female 5.2% > Male 4.42%. From the control of difference averages results that women do not have a good development of vertical dance performance through the CMJA test. The t-test result shows that the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (sig = 0.035).
Graphic 2. Measurements CMJA tests
Analyses
Discussion
The main purpose of the CMJA test at volleyball players of these new age groups was to determine the reliability measurement of the main performance measures commonly used to determine the CMJ strength capacity qualities from GRFP data. Many researchers and practitioners are encouraged to consider this methodology and these variables as valuable and reliable measures to determine athletes' ability to perform in vertical dance. The long-term CMJ test is supposed to provide a measure of muscle elasticity, whereas today it is found that this test provides the mass of rapid jump force [7, 129-135] where the differences between the CMJ and SJ tests proposed the "elasticity "Of athletes in the team using the concept" elasticity index "coming from
in "Leonardo" platform Female&Mal
the difference of these two tests. The good capacity used by elastic energy corresponds to 8-10cm. The difference between these two tests is called the fast power index. The elasticity coefficient of formula (CMJ-SJ) x100 / CMJ expressed in% is an index of accumulated energy capacity as a result of elastic muscle extension preceding muscular contraction and meanwhile from the data presented to the team Volleyball in Albania has reported a low percentage of elastic energy as a result of a poorly recommended exercise to develop this quality. The vertical jump performed by the two study groups in the CMJA test that provides the mass of the rapid jump force has been shown that volleyball players with these values are at the levels of the capacity of the low-speed force. A comparison of body height during CMJ and body weight also allows the assessment of the start of the
test threshold coordination and the end of the jump stage according to GRFP. (P < 0.01, force p < 0.05), CMJ (p < 0.01, force p < p 0.01), for 8 weeks [8, 1401-1401].
Conclusions
The data from this study will be available for coaches who want to improve their vertical jump performance to players. The team's female & male in the study had significant differences between them in the technical element of jumping and its processing. The ability to jump is an important factor of success in this sport, but it is associated with the
general and specified training for the development of its performance regardless of gender players. Interpretation of the data suggests that young volleyball players are indispensable to apply the exercises that improve the dance performance as an important element in this sport. The results of this study illustrate the importance of recognizing the impact of rapid force, emphasizing the need to understand that specific assessment techniques that will identify in individual components the strength and strength qualities that affect the performance of the jump.
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