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ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
EUROPE AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES
Tursunov K.S. Email: Tursunov1181@scientifictext.ru
Tursunov Kahramon Sodikovich - Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor,
DEPARTMENT SOCIAL SCIENCES, BUKHARA STATE MEDICAL INSTITUTE, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article provides information on cooperation between the European Union and the CIS countries. The main importance of the EU innovation programs is not so much in financing projects as in stimulating European cooperation between various R&D entities (research centers, universities, private companies), coordinating innovation policies of the EU member states, developing a common strategy, as well as disseminating the best national experience in creating innovations.
Keywords: European Union, history, development, activities, branch, success, innovations.
ЕВРОПА И СОДРУЖЕСТВО НЕЗАВИСИМЫХ ГОСУДАРСТВ
Турсунов К.С.
Турсунов Кахрамон Содикович - кандидат политических наук, доцент, кафедра социальных наук, Бухарский государственный медицинский институт, г. Бухара, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в статье представлена информация о сотрудничестве Европейского Союза со странами СНГ. Основное значение инновационных программ ЕС состоит не столько в финансировании проектов, сколько в стимулировании европейской кооперации между различными субъектами НИОКР (научно-исследовательскими центрами, университетами, частными компаниями), координации инновационных политик стран-членов ЕС, выработке общей стратегии, а также в распространении наилучшего национального опыта создания инноваций.
Ключевые слова: Европейский Союз, история, развитие, деятельность, отрасль, успех, инновации.
UDC 93
In the second half of the 90s. the governments of almost all Western European countries have adopted programs to stimulate innovation, aimed primarily at the diffusion of innovation. Efforts have been made in all Western European countries to form the building blocks and mechanisms for implementing innovation policies.
According to the European Commission, the most favorable climate for the development of innovative entrepreneurship has been created in the Nordic countries, which allowed them to become leaders in innovative development in the Western European region. The Nordic countries, as well as Great Britain, Germany, France are the most active participants in innovative cooperation within the EU1.
The EU has accumulated the most extensive experience in the development of innovative cooperation in the civil field among regional economic integration associations. Innovative development is fostered through several interrelated and complementary channels, including the R&D Framework Program, the Eureka Program, and Structural Funds.
1 Azizovna A.Z. ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE LIFE OF SOCIETY // Наука, техника и образование. 2020. № 11 (75).
Currently, the EU is moving to a new strategy to stimulate innovation, which provides for an increase in R&D spending, the creation of a single scientific and innovation pan-European space, the expansion of horizontal and vertical coordination of innovation policy, and the strengthening of the regional level of innovation policy. The European experience in stimulating integration processes in scientific and technical activities, aimed at strengthening competitive positions in the world markets of modern technology, can be useful in constructing models of innovative cooperation between the CIS member states. In 2000, the European Union set out to create a competitive, dynamic knowledge-based economy by 2010. The new long-term development strategy was adopted at the EU summit held in March 2000 in Lisbon1.
In this regard, three areas of activity have become the priority areas of EU activity: scientific and technical, innovation and educational.
In particular, a new program on competitiveness and innovation (2007-2013) is planned to be added to the already existing five-year R&D Framework Program.
The development of this strategy provides for:
- adoption of drastic measures to strengthen scientific and technical potential - increase in R&D spending from the current 1.9% of GDP to 3.0% of GDP (by 1/3 at the expense of government spending and by 2/3 - investments in private industry);
- development of vertical and horizontal coordination of innovation policy in the EU;
- further deepening of cooperation, creation of a single European research and innovation space, taking into account the realities of EU enlargement;
- increasing the efficiency of state innovation policy.
European programs The EU R&D Framework Program and the Eureka Program contribute most to the development of cooperation between different innovation actors. Joint projects are also being carried out under the COST (Cooperation in Scientific and Technological Research) program, established in 1970 and now a networked organization. The COST cooperation mechanism is based on the principle of concerted action. This means that the participants jointly develop a project, which is then carried out in national centers using their own funding sources.
At the final stage, the research results are combined and generalized. EU Structural Funds finance the creation of innovation infrastructure in the backward areas of the Community. In 199499. the Structural Funds allocated 8.5 billion ECU for this purpose, while the budget of the 4th Framework R&D Program in force during this period amounted to 13 billion ECU2.
In the context of the transition to an innovative model of economic development, the state becomes the main author, developing a national development strategy, creating the basic conditions for innovative development, self-regulation mechanisms and the formation of effective institutions of the innovative environment3.
One of the most important reasons for the increasing role of the state in the context of the transition to a new paradigm of economic development is that the market itself orients private companies to obtain predictable possession of certain factors of production (raw materials, technologies, etc.), and due to the formation of artificial obstacles for other innovative companies4.
In the complex of organizational and economic problems of innovative development of the economy of the CIS member states, three main groups can be distinguished:
- problems of reconciliation of interests;
- technological problems;
'Ахмедова З.А. Астрономические взгляды Ахмада Дониш // Вестник науки и образования. 2018. № 11 (47).
2 Ахмедова З.А., Турсунов К.С. Интеграционный процесс в рамках Европейского союза // Наука, техника и образование. 2020. № 5 (69).
3 Ахмедова З.А. Олимларнинг Ахмад Дониш ижоди ва фаолиятига ;арашлари. // Утмишга назар. 2020. №4. Б. 47-53.
4 Ахмедова З. А. Human existence in the works of medieval thinkers //Молодой ученый. 2016. № 1. С. 857-859.
- systemic problems1.
Currently, the scientific and technical leadership of the state is determined not only by the high level of development of the latest industries, but also by the ability to quickly and continuously restructure all spheres of the economy to create and disseminate new technologies.
References / Список литературы
1. Azizovna A.Z. Role and significance of philosophy in the life of society // Наука, техника и образование, 2020. № 11 (75).
2. Ахмедова З.А. Астрономические взгляды Ахмада Дониш // Вестник науки и образования, 2018. № 11 (47).
3. Ахмедова З.А. Human existence in the works of medieval thinkers // Молодой ученый, 2016. № 1. С. 857-859.
4. Ахмедова Зебинисо Азизовна, Чориева Мадина Алиевна. Труд Ахмада Дониша «История мангитских государей» как ценный источник по истории Бухарского ханства второй половины xviii - первой половины XIX вв. // Наука, техника и образование, 2020. № 11 (75).
5. Ахмедова З.А. Олимларнинг Ахмад Дониш ижоди ва фаолиятига карашлари. // Утмишга назар, 2020. № 4. Б. 47-53.
6. Ахмедова З.А., Турсунов К.С. Интеграционный процесс в рамках Европейского союза // Наука, техника и образование, 2020. № 5 (69).
7. Чориева Мадина Алиевна. Социально-экономическое, политическое положение Бухарского эмирата в конце xix ВЕКА // Наука, техника и образование, 2020. № 11 (75).
8. Чориева Мадина Алиевна. Экономика и денежное обращение (монеты) в Бухарском эмирате при Мангытах (на рубеже 19 - 20 веков) // Наука, техника и образование, 2020. № 5 (69).
9. Чориева Мадина Алиевна. Историография жизни и политической деятельности последнего мангытского эмира Сейида Алимхана // Наука, техника и образование, 2018. № 9 (50).
10. Гадоева Л.Э. История развития понятия «здоровый образ жизни» в Узбекистане // Наука, техника и образование,2020. № 11 (75).
11. Chorieva Madina A. The last mangyt emir Seyid Alimkhan in the historiography of the XX-XXI centuries. Look to the past., 2020. Special issue 4. Pp. 250-254.
THE ROLE OF TEACHING PHILOSOPHY IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Akhmedova ZA. Email: Akhmedova1181@scientifictext.ru
Akhmedova Zebiniso Azizovna - Head of the Department, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, BUKHARA STATE MEDICAL INSTITUTE, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article presents an analysis of the fluctuating position of philosophy in the architectonic of modern educational space. The author tries to justify the need of teaching of philosophical disciplines on the non-philosophical faculties, and also show the role of philosophical training in the formation of personal qualities and general cultural competence of graduates. The role ofphilosophy in the life of society is determined, first of all, by the fact that it
1 Чориева Мадина Алиевна. Экономика и денежное обращение (монеты) в Бухарском эмирате при Мангытах (на рубеже 19 - 20 веков) // Наука, техника и образование. 2020. №5 (69).
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