CC BY
25EARTH SCIENCES
Musayev Ilgar1, Gojamanov Magsad2
1Azercosmos Open Joint-Stock Company, Uzeyir Hajibeyli - 72, Baku, Azerbaijan.
2Baku State University, Z.Khalilov - 23, Baku, Azerbaijan.
DOI: 10.24411/2520-6990-2019-11012 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE STATE INTERACTIVE GEO-INFORMATION CENTER
Summary
The creation and development of a single geo-information space in the Republic of Azerbaijan in the interests of defense and security in law enforcement agencies, as well as for civilian purposes, is one of the actual and urgent issues of our time. This will allow to unite all specialists and institutions in the field of geo-information, avoid repeating the creation of GIS in the same field to different organizations and ensure a more efficient use of geo-data.
In the article, analyzing in detail the existing situation on the use of geo-information by state bodies of the republic and after studying world experience in the field of geo-information, it is proposed to create an Interactive Geo-information Center to form a single geo-information space in the country.
Key words: Geographic Information System, single geo-information space, Interactive geo-information center, geo-portal.
Introduction. The necessity of establishing a common geo-information space
Institutional reforms aimed at centralizing e-services in our country in recent years have led to the optimization of governance, enhancing transparency and accessibility to general information on public administration sectors. Obtaining these achievements was made possible by the joint activities of the 'ASAN Service' and 'ASAN Communal' centers.
Application of "ASAN service" experience in the filds of geographical information (hereinafter - geo-information) service is today's requirement.
Scientific research shows that 80% of the world's information is geographically related. If information is not geo-dependent, it loses its value, it's difficult to use, and it's uncertainty [4, p.124]. Keeping space information in different and separate centers creates problems in their efficient use. The only way to solve this problem is to concentrate, analyze, classify, and adopt these informations in a single geoinformational center. After that it will easy ensure the use and exchange of information on accepted standards.
In order to organize joint activities of the geoinformation systems of the ministries and other state bodies of the Republic of Azerbaijan and to ensure that the services provided in this area will be coordinated in a unified geoinformation space, there is a need to establish an Interactive Geo-information Center (IGC).
With the establishment of the IGC, there will be an organized management of geospacial information gathered at different institutions (ministries of power), and the center will also serve to further development of defense and economic power of our country.
In order to form a single geoinformation space, we need to analyze the current situation of geoinformation services in the country.
1. Analysis of the current situation of geoinformation services in the country
Awareness of the use of geo-information services in state agencies is low. Lack of electronic bases of Geographic Information System (GIS) in some organizations, still using paper carriers, not giving priority to the opportunities of modern technology, using non-updating data prevents the continual increase of productivity.
The level of modern logistic supplies is insufficient for the use of geoinformation services in agencies. Insufficient of logistic supplies mean that there is a lack of expensive specialized equipment and specialized licensed software that is intended for the processing of cartographic materials and aerospace images, which are currently not produced in our country and are purchased from foreign countries.
There are few qualified specialists in geodesy, cartography, topography, photogrammetry and geomatics. The number of specialists with experience and skills in working with special software on modern computer and cartography is small.
In some state agencies they keep the same geospatial information in a separate distinct centers which creates problems for the more efficient use of them. Absence of a single base for GIS data is result the implementation of similar projects repeatedly by the various agencies. Vector data on a map database (relief and relief elements, settlements, socio-cultural facilities, railways, motorways, highways and trails, vegetation, hydrography, hydrotechnical installations, bridges, power transmission and communication lines, streets, addresses and etc.) are not included in a centralized way. This often inaccurate or misleading data usage. It is too difficult to coordinate the same projects by the various agencies.
One of the main reasons for the low level of information exchange between state agencies is
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innovation conservatism, the solution of which is the adoption the normative base and documentary.
At present, topographic maps of coordinate system "SK-42" are used as topographic data base in state bodies and other organizations of a republic. The SK-42 coordinate system (Pulkovo coordinate system) was calculated based on reference ellipsoid of Soviet geodesist Fyodor Krasovcky [2, p. 39]. The SK-42 coordinate system has geometrical deformations compared to modern international coordinate systems (International GRS-80 and WGS-84, Russian EP-90 and GSC-11) and is therefore not precise (see Appendix). Today, coordinated systems WGS-84 (Word Geodetic System 1984), EP-90 (Earth Parameters) and GSC-2011 (Geodetic System Coordinate 2011), based on the ellipsoid of high precision, are used in many countries, especially in NATO countries and the Russian Federation [3, p. 2]. WGS-84 is an Earth-centered, Earth-fixed terrestrial reference system and geodetic datum. It is based on a consistent set of constants and model parameters that describe the Earth's size, shape, and gravity and geomagnetic fields [6, p.1].
Considering that in our days geodetic, topographic and cartographic measurements, also navigation is often based on satellite technology, it is not advisable to produce new topographic maps in the SK-42 coordinate system and use them as a geo-informational database. Because, all the modern geo-information technologies and equipment available in foreign countries are used in the above-mentioned modern coordinate systems [1, p. 31].
2. The essence of the creation of an Interactive Geoinformation Center
The main purpose of the IGC is to create a single geoinformational space in the country to ensure the joint use of GIS in the defense, security and other state institutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and to
conduct mutual exchange of information. This center doesn't focus on physically maintaining and protecting data in a single database, but it will play the role of a central interface that provides accessibility to other geo-spatial information for every governmental organization.
The essence of the creation of the Center is also to study international experience, to prepare specific technical proposals and solutions, to obtain and install the necessary equipment and software.
3. Providers and Users
The IGC, which will be created to form a single geoinformation space in the Republic of Azerbaijan, and will meet the broad demand of the defense, security and other state institutions of the republic and will meet ISO (International Organization for Standardization), OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) and NATO Geospatial and Geographical Information standards.
Access to information will be based on security level rules. However, the center will also be open to the country's population and civil society organizations [1, p. 37].
4. Geoportal
The iGC geoportal is an interface that provides protection, use and publication of geospatial data. It will be possible to access images, electronic maps, layers and metadata over the geoportal (Figure 1). Geopor-tal will perform the following tasks:
- sources, information, material and services will be provided after registering in an electronic catalog or registries;
- users chould be looking for the generated information or services on the web-page or in registries;
- information that is not obtained as a result of searches may be requested to the information provider (supplier) or to the service provider.
Servers (Basic and Backup)
Figure 1. Structure of the Interactive Geo-Information Center
5. Management and coordination
In the IGC it is required to establish a governing body for strategic decision-making, system management, coordination of inter-agency activities, and implementation of necessary verification and supervision procedures. It is proposed that the composition of the Management Board be organized by the representatives of ministries, state organizations and institutions. Management Board's missions are the next:
- managing the IGC issues;
- establishment of a coordination group;
- control over the activities of the IGC.
The IGC Coordination Group co-ordinates the Management Board's decisions with the bodies at the ministries, departments and agencies. The coordination group is composed of representatives of various ministries and state organizations and is divided into working groups by the necessary branches. Working group promotes the development of technical principles, exchange of knowledge, coordination of ideas and thoughts, as well as science and economic issues.
The activities of the IGC must meet the following requirements:
- Operational compatibility - ability to exchange general information over standardization interfaces;
- Possibility to expand - expand on newly created components;
- Universality - can be applied at all levels of government, regardless of specialization in science and economics;
- Availability - should provide affordable access to consumers based on legal conditions, norms and standards;
- Efficiency - fast processing of requests based on users' legal conditions and capabilities;
- Testing capabilities - checking the compatibility level with the help of special programs;
- Capacity - the ability to share and expand the system's separate components in order to provide sufficient production capabilities;
- Security - secure protection of space data and services and the ability to use them at all times.
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3. Expected results
With the establishment and operation of the Interactive Geoinformation Center the following results are expected in the country's defense, security and other state agencies, as well as civilian populations and organizations:
• This Center, based on the modern coordinate system that meets NATO, ISO and OGC standards, will increase the accuracy of calculations, measurements, designs, analyzes, scheduling and decision making;
• IGC will further boost combat readiness and operational capabilities of defense and security agencies;
• Thanks to the technical support of the Center's geoportal from the "bottom to top", it will be possible more effectively solve the problems arising from the various situation [5, p. 4];
• It will expand tactical, operational and strategic planning capabilities through analysis, optimization, simulation and planning capabilities;
• Thanks to the joint use of the center, its resources and capabilities will be used more efficiently, inter-institutional co-ordination will be enhanced, complementary functions of agencies will be enhanced, and overall battle planning and management will be easier;
• Thanks to the Center's activities, it will save financial resources by preventing duplication of singlepurpose projects in separate entities;
• The Center's capabilities, which have higher definition content, more precise, new and detailed information and extensive analytical capabilities, are
also will be widely used for civilian purposes (spinoff).
Literature
1. Musayev I., Gojamanov M., Hashimov E. Establishment of Interactive Geo-Information Center in Azerbaijan // Baku, Azerbaijan, Military Academy, Collection of military review scientific works, 2019, № 1 (4), pp. 29-39 (in Azerbaijani)
2. Musayev I. Errors in the operation of 1942 coordinate system topographic maps with modern satellite navigation devices // Baku, Azerbaijan, Military Academy, Journal of National Security and Military Science, 2015, № 1 (1). pp. 34-41 (in Azerbaijani)
3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation on the establishment of state coordinate systems, state altitude system and state gravimetric system. November 24, 2016, No. 1240, Moscow (In Russian)
4. Musayev I., Gojamanov M. A special map base of the military geographic information system // Konya, Turkey, Seljuk University, Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 2018, vol. 6, pp. 856-861 (EISSN 2147-9364) (in English)
5. Hendricks M. Army Geospatial Organizations & Systems. 2005, 19 p. https://www.usma.edu/cegs/SiteAssets/SitePages/Rese arch%20iPAD/Army%20Geospatial%20Organization s%20and%20Systems (Hendriks M. Ordu geomakan taijkilatlan va sistemlari. 2005, s. 19) (in English)
6. https://confluence.qps.nl/qinsy/en/world-geodetic-system-1984-wgs84-29855173.html (in English)
