0Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
ENLIGHTENERS' PHILOSOPHY AND ITS REFLECTION IN ENGLISH
LITERATURE
Roza Sapargeldi kizi Abdullayeva
A Student of Chirchik state pedagogical university Scientific adviser: Eldorbek Erkinovich Khamitov
ABSTRACT
The Enlightenment era marked a significant intellectual movement that shaped not only philosophical discourse but also had a profound impact on English literature. This article delves into the Enlightenment philosophers' ideals and how they influenced English literary works of the time. By examining the key tenets of Enlightenment philosophy and their manifestation in English literature, this article aims to highlight the intricate relationship between rationalism, humanism, and literary expression during this transformative period.
Keywords: Enlightenment, philosophy, English literature, works, rationalism, humanism, improve, perspectives.
INTRODUCTION
The Enlightenment, a significant philosophical movement in 18th-century Europe, promoted the belief that reason should serve as the main basis for authority and legitimacy. This period championed principles like freedom, advancement, inclusivity, unity, constitutional governance, and the division between religion and government. Emphasizing the scientific approach and critical analysis, the Enlightenment era encouraged skepticism towards traditional religious beliefs. Fundamental concepts like civil liberties, human rights, and the division of governmental powers that form the foundation of modern democracies were shaped by the Enlightenment's ideals.
MAIN PART
The 17th century marked a shift from an age of faith to an age of reason. Literature represents the turbulence in society, religion, and the monarchy of this period. Life for the English people changed as religious controversy and civil war shook the nation. These issues reformulated the roles of individuals in society, perspectives of faith, and social structures in England. Writers of this period offer their own philosophies as proof of the issues and influenced the masses. Specific examples of the authors of this period who present English issues and perspectives in
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April 23-24, 2024 International Scientific and Practical Conference
Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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their works are John Donne and John Milton. Common themes among these two authors are love, religion, and political views.
The writers of the 18th century started a public movement for enlightening the people. They thought to improve the world by teaching. They considered Church dogmas and cast distinctions as useless and rejected them.
The movement of the Enlightenment all over Europe had much in common.
• A deep hatred for feudalism.
• The writers of the age of the Enlightenment insisted upon a systematic education for all they fought for self-government and liberty.
• They all spoke up for the common people and peasants in particular whose fate was to be decided in the 18th century.
But these common features were different between the ideas expressed by English and French writers. The English writers of the time formed two groups. Those who hoped to better the world simply by teaching belonged to the first group. Their works differed greatly.
Enlightenment thinkers promoted the use of reason, empirical evidence, and the acquisition of knowledge as essential elements for advancing society. In England, influential figures like John Locke and David Hume championed these principles, highlighting the significance of human rationality and critical thought in molding cultural standards. These philosophical principles influenced English literature during that era, with themes of reason, individual freedoms, and societal improvement evident in the works of renowned authors such as Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, and Mary Shelley.
During the Enlightenment period, English literature reflected ideals of reason and humanity by exploring themes like personal liberty, fairness in society, and seeking knowledge. Writers of this era used their works to question established norms, challenge those in power, and support progressive notions of logic and human worth. Authors like Daniel Defoe through his novels and Jonathan Swift through his satirical pieces exemplified how Enlightenment philosophy shaped English literature. Their writings engaged deeply with philosophical discussions and social concerns of the time.
Furthermore, the Enlightenment's focus on using empirical evidence and scientific investigation influenced literary forms like the novel, resulting in more authentic depictions of human life and societal realities. Authors such as Samuel Richardson and Jane Austen integrated Enlightenment ideals of rationality and ethical behavior into their writings, presenting characters who navigate moral challenges and societal pressures in their quest for individual satisfaction and communal well-being.
April 23-24, 2024
https://cspu.uz/ International Scientific and Practical Conference
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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Science became a central aspect of Enlightenment discussions and thinking. Numerous Enlightenment writers and intellectuals had scientific backgrounds and linked scientific progress to challenging the authority of religion and traditional power structures in support of promoting open expression and independent thinking. Generally, Enlightenment science placed a strong emphasis on observation and logical reasoning, aligning with its core values of advancement and improvement. Nonetheless, similar to other Enlightenment perspectives, not everyone universally recognized the advantages of scientific advancements. CONCLUSION
In summary, the Enlightenment philosophers' ideas profoundly influenced English literature, sparking a period of intellectual exploration and creative advancement. By exploring how Enlightenment principles intertwined with English literary creations, we gain a deeper understanding of how reason, humanity, and advancement shaped the literary realm of that era. Reflecting on the lasting influence of Enlightenment philosophy on English literature reveals the significant impact of logical thinking and human-centered values on the development of literary expression during this pivotal time.
REFERENCES
1. Yusupova Muxabbat, Djalilova Aytkul, Xoshimova Dilnoza, Aminova Sohila.
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age of Enlightenment
3. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-hccc-worldhistory2/chapter/the-age-of-enlightenment/
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