CC BY
15УДК 378
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TRAINING FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Turahodjayeva Mohidil Obidjonovna, Andijan agricultural institute, Uzbekistan, Andijan E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract. The article is devoted to teaching English to high school students. It examines the peculiarities of teaching English to adults. The author gives recommendations on studying English at this age. The higher school takes its leading place in the system of continuous education. It is directly and indirectly connected with the economy, science, technology and culture of society as a whole. Therefore, its development is an important part of the strategy of overall national development.
Key words: English language training, forms, methods, means and methods of teaching, adult.
Аннотация. Статья посвящена вопросам преподавания английского языка взрослым учащимся. Автор дает рекомендации по изучению английского языка непосредственно для самих взрослых учащихся. Отмечена роль высших учебных заведений в системе непрерывного образования, результаты обучения в которых прямо или косвенно связаны с экономикой, наукой, технологией и культурой общества в целом. Именно по этой причине развитие высшего образования является важной частью стратегии общего национального развития.
Ключевые слова: обучение английскому языку, формы, методы, средства и методы обучения, взрослый учащийся.
The ability to anticipate and anticipate the development of higher professional education is one of the most important conditions for the success of its functioning. Scientific foresight is possible insofar as the future is seen as a continuation of the past. But the requirement for a specialist, the content and the process of his preparation must be advanced in comparison with the established theory and practice. The main goal of designing advanced qualification requirements is to ensure the correspondence between changes in personal and social needs and the prospects for the development of science, technology, economics, culture and their reflection in the purposes and content of training. Since the role of English in the modern world has changed, then a large number of adults appeared, seeking to master them. However, it should be noted that the theoretical and methodological foundations of teaching adults
to English are not sufficiently developed at present. Adult education is built on traditional pedagogical principles, not taking into account age characteristics, and teachers do not have any andragogical training. How can we make the process of learning a language fast and efficient in such a case? To answer this question, we used a set of research methods: analysis of psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature, purposeful observation and analysis of the learning process, as well as the study and synthesis of advanced pedagogical experience.
Thus, a person can be called an adult if he has: physical, psychological, social, moral maturity, and also economic independence; has a rich life experience and a high level of self-awareness. An adult person independently determines the goals of his educational activity, chooses forms, methods, means and methods of teaching, and also regulates the educational process, evaluates and corrects the results of his activities. According to a number of studies, the psychological functions of adult learners have a number of characteristics, the recording of which is necessary in training.
Arbitrary attention in an adult is particularly important, because in the course of his life he has to receive information that is not of interest, but is necessary for educational, industrial and social activities. The developed voluntary attention of people of mature age allows them to concentrate for a long time on educational material.
As for memory in adults, as a result of the studies conducted by J.L. Vitlin, E.I. Stephanova, the greatest changes were found in short-term verbal (verbal) memory by visual and auditory modality. The highest rates in the development of verbal short-term memory by ear occur at the age of 18-30 years and low with a constant decline -at the age of 31-40 years. At the age of 18-35 years verbal imprinting of long-term memory is characterized by greater constancy and a decline in the level of development from 36 to 40 years. After 40 years, the level of memory development is decreasing. In this regard, when learning the language of adults it is necessary to use visualization. With age, the speed of reaction slows down, as well as the speed and flexibility of thinking. This makes special demands on the methods, methods, means and educational technologies of teaching people at this age.
The analysis of psychological and pedagogical studies of this problem made it possible to conclude that adults have rich life experience, purposefulness and a propensity for analysis. They are characterized by a special educational motivation, and also differ pragmatic attitude to educational services. There are several ways of teaching English to adults: individual lessons, group and independent study. Individual training, in our opinion, is the most effective way of teaching the language. It is suitable for those who start learning from scratch. With this form of training, the teacher is only busy with you, you can ask at any time to explain the incomprehensible material again, and do not stay for a long time on what is given easily. Group classes in a language school or in English language courses for adults have their advantages: a
constant practice of live communication with partners in a group. However, in the group you will not have enough attention of the teacher, such as with individual training.
If you do it yourself, then you do not have anyone to control and correct mistakes, so this method of teaching is not acceptable at the initial stage of language training. Self-study is possible for those who already have a certain supply of vocabulary and grammar, is able to use them in speech, is able to perceive foreign speech by ear, and he only needs to improve these skills. Independently it is possible to improve only after the pronunciation and mastering of the basic grammatical structure of the language.
The maximum results in the study of the language can be achieved, in our opinion, if we combine several ways of learning. For example, training in groups can be combined with independent studies or at all to switch to individual training.
Currently, there are many courses and language schools for language learning. They offer effective methods that make it possible to facilitate and speed up the learning process as much as possible. However, the communicative method and intensive methods of teaching foreign languages are considered to be the most effective. The communicative method is aimed at developing the ability of learners to practically use a living language and is called upon to teach not the manipulation of linguistic means, but the conscious correlation of these structures with their communicative functions. Realization of this method is carried out by means of gaming technologies (business and role games), presentations, business trainings, case studies, group discussions, project implementation, multimedia applications, audio and video courses, familiarization with the culture, traditions and life of English-speaking countries.
We offer the least expensive, but no less effective way of learning a foreign language through the Internet. With its help, there are many new, interesting ways to effectively learn the language at any time convenient for you. If you like to read, read books in a foreign language. At the same time, try to choose books according to your level. If you like watching movies - watch movies. If you like listening to music -listen to it. Here you can listen to podcasts in English; To enroll for English lessons on Skype with a Russian-speaking teacher or native speaker; listen to music in English; watch show programs and TV shows in English and much more.
The main thing is that the classes are regular, and you were motivated to get a positive result. It is worth practicing conversational language and gaining vocabulary gradually. Speaking from the first days, day after day, the language itself will learn to build grammatically correct sentences.
The concept of the language as a whole should form in the adult's head. Training should be based on achieving a result that the adult must clearly understand. After all, if he does not feel progress, he will become uninteresting, and his desire to learn will be lost. An effective means to overcome resistance can be the fact that even
if a person has not studied English at all, without knowing it, he already knows several dozens of words, such as: Vanish, Fairy, Tide, Head and Shoulders, shopping, yes, no, hot dog, body, marketing, management and many others. This can also be served by unusual activities and specific results (the ability to communicate in a foreign language during travel, during negotiations) at the conclusion of training.
Learning English should begin with passing a test of language skills in order to determine the level of ownership of it. This test is easy to find on the Internet. After that, you can easily find the material that is right for you. So, beginners at the Beginner level can start with special training videos from the tutorials on You tube, because such videos are available for understanding. It is often difficult for adults to put the correct pronunciation because the articulatory apparatus has lost its flexibility due to age-related changes. Here you can work pronunciation and intonation without any restraint, uttering the sound as many times as needed.
And people with the level of Pre-Intermediate, Intermediate, Upper-Intermediate, Advanced can watch movies and TV shows such as: Extra, Living English, The Jungle Book, The Holiday, Friends, Harry Potter, Matrix, Doctor Who, Pirates of the Caribbean . Of course, unfamiliar words will occur, but they will not prevent you from understanding the plot. If you are experiencing difficulties with the perception of speech by ear, then start watching those videos that have already been seen in Russian. Of course, unfamiliar words will occur, but they will not prevent you from understanding the plot. At the initial stage of learning the language, be sure to use English subtitles and do not forget to write out new words, phrases, and possibly sentences (if you are interested) with the translation. Then this vocabulary needs to be learned and again several times to review the video. During the review, you should also repeat the words and phrases for the characters, trying to imitate them. After watching the movie, you can reproduce it (retell), necessarily using the new lexical material.
If you want to watch movies or serials with subtitles, refer to ororo.tv. For those who like to watch movies or several series of television series in a row, there is a site hamatata.com. Once you get used to the sound of English speech, try watching movies without subtitles, on sites like: primewire.ag and solarmovie.is.
With this method of learning English you will increase the vocabulary (words, phrasal verbs, slang), develop the skill of listening to English, and also get to know the humor and culture peculiarities of the country of the studied language. After studying the language in this way, you learn and have fun at the same time.
In order to learn a foreign language, you need to learn a large number of unfamiliar words. How can this be done if, as we have already said, there is a decline in the level of memory development after 40 years?
We suggest remembering words with the help of associations. As practice shows, associative (instinctive) memorization on the basis of unusual associations permanently embedded in the memory is very effective. You should also use the
method of phonetic (sound) associations. To do this, you need to pick up a consonant to a foreign word, that is, it sounds like a word in your native language. In order to fix the lexical and grammatical material you need communication. To do this, on sites for students of languages or on dating sites you can find a friend or girlfriend with whom you can communicate in English or even call each other.
Speak English as often as possible and try to use new words and phrases in your speech. The main thing is not to be afraid of making mistakes. And of course, the more time you study English, the faster you will achieve the result.
Thus, the successful learning of English in adults depends on the motivation and perseverance of the learner, as well as the methods of training suitable for him. Engaging in a foreign language daily, you can quickly learn it.
References:
1. Vitlin J.L. Methodical recommendations on the integration of psychological characteristics of adults in the process of teaching a foreign language / Razrab. J.L. Witlina. APN USSR. Research Institute of General Adult Education. Leningrad: NII obshchego obrazovaniya vzroslykh. 1976. 110 p.
2. Kulyutkin Yu.N. Psychology of adult learning. M .: Enlightenment, 1985.
3. Monakhov V.M. Pedagogical design - a modern tool for didactic research // School technology. 2001.
4. Teaching foreign languages in school and university. St. Petersburg, 2001.
