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21Eurasian MedkaCjournaÇ October 2020; numôerNsl
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UDC 504.75
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND HUMAN HEALTH
Rumaisa Jan, G.M. Amanbaeva International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Abstract
Electromagnetic wave (EMW) is the essential driver of modern technological and economical growth. The excessive use of EM wave based electrical device has some adverse impacts on human health. This article presents the result of a study of the effect of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation from a Wi-Fi router, electronic gadgets, and home appliances on the human body. A survey was conducted among ISM students to identify and influence the harmfulness of EMW emitted by household appliances. The ultimate finding is whether EMW is dangerous or not
Key words: ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation, electromagnetic waves, energy microwave radiation, magnetic fields, frequency range.
Introduction
There are two types of Electromagnetic radiation; ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation. These two types depend on whether they are capable of ionizing atoms and breaking covalent bonds or not. Ionizing radiations are ultra violet and higher frequency radiations, such as X-rays or gamma rays. Non-ionizing radiation creates two major problems that are electrical and biological. Furthermore, this electric current caused by radiation can ignite fire and produce explosive hazard. The electromagnetic spectrum is divided into several different classes of radiation such as low frequency(LF), radio waves(RW),
microwaves(MW), infrared waves(IW), visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays and gamma rays. This different wave frequency converts from one type to another [1]. Figure I shows the spectrum of electromagnetic energy or radiation. EM pollution is significant because of frequencies which are oscillating more slowly than light waves we are sensing. But in case of x-rays and gamma rays (which oscillate more quickly than visible light) are quite dangerous. But bright side is that these rays are not present at our living and work places. Electromagnetic pollution has been captured everywhere. This short review paper will discuss various health conditions caused by the electromagnetic fields.
Frequency in Hertz -
Non Thermal
Low Induced Current
00 101 ELF&VLF JO6 10s l»"1 1 _LR, MF. HF.VHFJJHF (I1* iO1 h Dl □ 10'" Ifl" 10" I0*1
RF Microwave Infrared {IR} Jü
S > Uîtra Violet X-Ray & Gamma Rays
NON-IONIZING IONIZING
Thermal High Induced Current
Heat iterated
Optical Photo Etectric excitation
Broken Bonds DNA Damage
Photochemical Effects Cancer, Mutation & Birth Defects
Figure I- the spectrum of electromagnetic energy or radiation at different level
indicating human health problems
Address for Correspondence: Rumaisa Jan 1st year student of Medical Faculty of International School
of Medicine, email: aneesabhatll2((p,gmail. com
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Non-ionizing radiation (NIR) refers to the formation of energy with lower frequencies, and it has been found non risky for human health by researchers and scientists. But recently, evidence shows that some NIR frequencies may have potential to accelerate biological injury. The research concerning Non-ionizing radiation (NIR) human health hazard is focused on the following two cases : (1) extremely low-frequency (ELF) energy waves produced and emitted by power stations, power lines and some electrical equipment; and (2) radio and microwave frequencies produced from wireless communication technologies, cordless and cellular phones, and some electrical materials. Like fresh water can become contaminated when it passes through a contaminated surroundings, electricity becomes fouled when it comes into contact with electronic equipment. Nominal electricity coming from electrical power line to buildings at a frequency of 50-60 Hz and power becomes 'lousy' or polluted when it develops lots of distorted higher-frequency signals by contacting with equipments such as
computers, televisions and some appliances [2].
In current world most new electrical appliances create electromagnetic pollutions. Hence pollution increases exponentially [3].
Although electronic devices and the development in communications makes the life easier, it may also involve negative effects. These negative effects are particularly important in the electromagnetic fields in the Radiofrequency (RP) zone which are used in communications, radio and television broadcasting, cellular networks and indoor wireless systems. Along with the widespread use of technological products in daily life, the biological effects of electromagnetic waves has began to be more widely discussed.
Objective: to identify the effect of non - ionizing electromagnetic wave on living organisms
Materials and research methods
Social survey
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The research results showed:
%AGE OF STUDENTS WITH HEADACHE Very often -9%
Often-21%
Rarely -63%
Do you switch off your mobile phone and wifi at night?
How often do you fall asleep near your mobile phone?
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The research results showed:
A social survey revealed that students who used mobile phones and other electronic gadgets for a long time have health problems.In other words, it can be concluded that long-term exposure to EMW has a negative impact on all living organisms. Therefore, you should minimize the time spent using electronic gadgets.
Mortazavi and his researchers group [4], has found Electro-hypersensitivity (EHS) from electromagnetic radiation. Electro-hypersensitivity (EHS) is the disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury of EHS and it is less significant. Also researchers proved that it is related with significant metallic element. Solid metallic element attached with the proteins within tissues and organs are believed to have fewer danger.
In addition, Mortazavi and associates have observed that steady magnetic field usually generated from mobile phones and other wireless devices may affect mercury vapor release from dental amalgam. The diluted mercury gradient is increasing in saliva within amalgam carriers [4,5].
Cellular phones are being used close to brain tissue. Hence brain tissue is influenced by electromagnetic wave mostly. Many studies show that human sensory system and behavior are affected closely by the radio frequency electromagnetic waves coming from the base stations(BTS) [5]. A study ofHeinrich S [5] shows that increasing use of wireless devices forces mass people to live under RF electromagnetic waves and affecting their health particularly in children.
Conclusion
RF - the most obvious biological effects of RF energy on living cells are due to heating. While it is not certain that radiofrequency radiation poses any risk to human health at all, there are some reasons for concern about the health effects of cell phones themselves. These problems exist because the antennas of these phones deliver most of their radio
frequency energy to small parts of the user's head, resulting in headaches that were found to be very common among high-end users of such radio-emitting phones, as our study proved beyond doubt. The exponential growth in mobile phone use increases huge concerns about radio frequency and its harmful nature to human health. In vivo and in vitro studies are continuing to find out what exactly is happening at the cellular level. Researchers have confirmed that electromagnetic waves affect brain tumors because billions of people use cell phones near brain tissue.
References
1. Ali Zamanian and Cy Hardiman, "Electromagnetic Radiation and Human Health: A Review of Sources and Effects ", Summit Technical Media, July 2005.
2. Stephen J. Genuis, "Fielding a current idea: exploring the public health impact of electromagnetic radiation ", The Royal Institute of Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd.2007
3. Ankur Mahajan, Mandeep Singh, "Human Health and Electromagnetic Radiations ", Int. Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 1, Issue 6, June 2012
4. Ghezel-Ahmadi D, Engel A, Weidermann J, Budnik LT, Baur X, Frick U, Hauser S, Dahmen N. Heavy metal exposure in patients suffering from electromagnetic hypersensitivity. 2010janl5;408(4):774-8
5. Mortazavi SM, Daiee E, Yazdi A, et al. Mercury release from dental amalgam restorations after magnetic resonance imaging andfollowing mobile phone use. Pak. J BiolSci. 2008; 11 (8): 1142-6
