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12EFFICACY OF THE ORAL MUCOSA AND PERIODONTAL TISSUES DURING PROSTHETICS WITH ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE BRIDGES Akhmedov H.K.
Akhmedov Hurshid Kamalovich - Assistant, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPEDIC DENTISTRY AND
ORTHODONTICS, BUKHARA STATE MEDICAL INSTITUTE, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Relevance. Many years of clinical observations have shown that low-value metals and their alloys, when they are in the body for a long time, negatively affect it. The degree of exposure of dental prostheses to tissues of the oral cavity depends on the quality of their preparation, physico-chemical properties of construction materials. It is observed that the number of patients who were in the oral cavity (removable and non-removable dental prostheses) in the latter times suffered from the inability to accept metal inserts is growing [2.4.6.8.10]. Symptoms include: metallic taste in the mouth, aching and itching of the tongue, changes in the sense of taste, bitter, sour taste, abundant salivation or, conversely, dry mouth, throat itching, toothache, redness and swelling of the soft tissue of the face [9.10.11]. Most often, headaches, dizziness, weakness, rapid fatigue, nausea, vomiting, sleep disorders, pain in the heart are detected. Symptoms can be diverse: in the oral cavity - heylitis, glossitis, Scarlet flat herpes, as well as changes in the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, neurological disorders are observed [5, 8, 16, 17, 23]. One of the methods of increasing the indifferentity of metal inserts in the oral cavity is the goldening of galvanic electrolytes [3, 11, 18, 22]. This method of increasing the biological inertia of removable dental prostheses has not been sufficiently studied. In parodontic pathology, there is no data on the justification of indications for the use of modern methods of electrolyte Goldening of metallokeramic dental prostheses carcasses [1.3.5.7, 16, 19].
The development of modern dentistry allows not only to create materials that approach the tissues of natural teeth according to
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their aesthetic and functional properties, but also to study the positive and negative reactions of patients who use dentures [10, 14, 17]. Numerous studies on the pathology of hard tissues of teeth and rows of teeth are the basis for studying the problem of dental material science [6, 15, 18, 20]. The mucous membrane of the oral cavity is threeraydi at high antigen pressure. First of all, keratinocytes to harmful effects are threeraydi, and the degree of resistance of the organism to damaging agents depends on their functional lability. However, at present, the role of prosthesis is almost non-existent in the change in the cellular composition of the epithelial plates of the mucous membrane, as well as in the conditions of prosthesis, data on immune control in this process [6, 8, 16, 22].
Among the Stomatological diseases, there is a special place of diseases of the tonsils. They remain one of the pressing problems of therapeutic dentistry. In the latter case, there is an increase in the number of inflammatory diseases of the tonsils. This is due to an increase in the number of harmful factors that affect the body, as well as a decrease in the level of life in the population. The severity and prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is based on the nature of the etiological factor as well as the intensity of aggression [3, 14].
According to various authors, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is from 3 to 20%. In recent years, more and more research is being carried out on the diseases of OBSHQ in different groups of the population around the world, who use metallokeramik and zirconium prostheses [6, 15].
Treatment of obesity and Prevention of their recurrence is a major challenge, and in most cases less effective. To prevent recurrence, pathogenetic approaches based on in-depth knowledge of the development of pathological processes should be used [6]. The role of mucous membrane protection is also carried out through local immunosuppression, so the study of intracellular interactions and the role of immunocompetent cells associated with the mucous membrane of the oral cavity is a separate topical issue for practical [9, 18].
The control of reparation processes is one of the most complex problems of modern biology and medicine. It is known that cell division is influenced by many factors, the most important of which is the local immune homeostasis [10, 12, 17].
However, systemic data on the effect of the immunocytes of the gum mucosa on the proliferation of epithelial cells in conditions of prosthetic dentistry are almost absent in the open literature [8, 19]. At the same time, the solution of this issue can be the basis of the Prevention of complications of prosthetics and the improvement of pathogenetic-based methods of treatment [12, 17].
Violation of local immune homeostasis in the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, manifested by gingivitis, stomatitis and allergic pathologies, remains one of the most complex problems in dental prosthetics. Difficult in the diagnosis of often cited diseases, often with a negative ending, severe course and the complexity of treatment dentistry is the source of the conflict situations that arise in medical organizations. The doctor dentist-orthopedists are effective methods of determining and treating immunopathological conditions under the arm is not enough. Certain methods of determining allergic reactions to dental prosthetic materials and structures have low reliability, which makes it difficult to choose pathogenetic therapy and prophylactic pathways [19, 25].
The purpose of the study: a comparative assessment of the effect of metalokeramic and zirconium prostheses on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and immune factors that protect the oral cavity.
Objectives of the study:
1. Clinical changes in stomascopy.
2. Assessment of the level of hygiene in the oral cavity, determination of pH.
3. Determination of morphological change.
4. Immunological study of saliva.
5. Secretory-immunoglobulin research of saliva.
6. Immune status of saliva cells.
7. Electromicroscopic studies of mucus around the artificial Crown.
Subject and subject of the study. In the clinical part of the study, 160 patients aged from 25 to 55 years of age (85 men and 75 women) received orthopedic treatment. Clinical examination of patients was carried out according to the generally accepted scheme, including the analysis of complaints, the collection of Anamnesis, examination.
Material and methods. The separation of the patients into the first and second groups was carried out depending on the state of the prosthesis construction material and parodontic tissue. The first group included 115 patients with MCP made of cobalt-chromium alloy. The second group consisted of 45 patients with a zircon prosthesis. Each of the groups was divided into two small ("a" and "b) groups, depending on the state of the parodont. subgroup " a "- patients without pathological changes in the parodontium, subgroup" b " - patients with mild degree of parodontitis.
Results: Studies in the first and second groups were conducted for a period of one year to six months: up to orthopedic treatment, as well. Dynamic clinical-radiographic, indexed and biochemical assessment methods of the state of parodontic tissue were conducted. Clinical examination of patients was carried out according to the generally accepted scheme, including the analysis of complaints, the collection of Anamnesis, examination. The state of the parodont was evaluated by the PMA index and the amount of MS. Papillyar-marginal alveolar index (S. Ragsha, 1960), conducted 1158 studies involving the detection of gum fluid.
Scientific innovation. For the first time, the effect of metaloceramic and zirconium prostheses on the protective function of the oral cavity mucosa is determined.
Scientific and practical significance of the work. As a result of the conducted research, new data are obtained on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, lesions of parodontic tissues.
The data obtained provide therapeutic dental assistance to patients with MCP and zirconium prostheses based on the needs,
to improve the quality and effectiveness, to optimize the early diagnosis and treatment of the oral cavity.
The practical significance of the work consists in the development of an algorithm for early diagnosis and Prevention of diseases of the oral mucosa of patients with primary MCP and zirconium prostheses, the identification of risk factors for their development.
Conclusions: The results obtained from the studies will be applied to the work programs of the disciplines in the direction of" dentistry " education, as well as to conduct lectures, practical classes. It is also proposed as a new independent source of work for students of Medical Sciences.
Introduction of scientific work into practice. The results of the study will be introduced into the educational process of medical nursing in therapeutic and orthopedic dentistry.
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РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ БОЛЬНЫХ ОСТРЫМ ГАНГРЕНОЗНО-НЕКРОТИЧЕСКИМ ПАРАПРОКТИТОМ Ахророва Л.Б.
Ахророва Лайло Барно кизи - ассистент, кафедра факультетской и госпитальной хирургии, урологии, Бухарский государственный медицинский институт, г. Бухара, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в статье рассмотрены результаты лечения у 767 больных, оперированных в проктологическом отделении Бухарском многопрофильном центре в период 2005-2020 гг., среди которых пациенты с некротическими формами заболевания составили 36 (4,7%) больных. В их числе у 731 (95.3%) отмечена аэробная этиология поражения околопрямокишечной клетчатки. Средний возраст больных составил 63,1±4,9 года.
