CC BY
2
Mansurova M.Kh.
student
department of magistracy direction of pedagogical theory and history Fergana State University
EFFECTIVE USE OF PEDAGOGICAL VIEWS OF ABDULLA AVLONI
IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Annotation: the pedagogical views of Abdulla Avloni, a prominent scientist and literary critic, based on the link between education and the study of the personality of the child, the study of the collektiv and the personality, teaching and teaching; showed the connection of pedagogy with other disciplines, paving the way for the Coordination of school, family and extracurricular education. Abdulla Avloni devoted many years of pedagogical activity and many pages to the problem of creating a harmony of public and personal interests in education. In this harmony, he saw human happiness and the essence of education. He knew that training in a team was a method that was common to all and at the same time gave everyone the opportunity to develop.
In the course of this article, we will consider the effectiveness of the educational process on the basis of pedagogical views of Abdulla Avloni, as well as several pedagogical technologies and interactive techniques in the formation of skills to attract students to the lesson.
Keywords: pedagogical diagnostics , correction, method of conversation, patriotism, pedagogical technologies, pedagogical methods, "school flower", expressive reading.
One of the famous representatives of the Uzbek national culture at the end of the XIX beginning of the XX century is an enlightened poet, playwright, journalist, scientist, state and public figure Abdulla Avlani. He was born on July 12, 1878 in the family of the Weaver Miravlon brother in the sniper neighborhood of Tashkent. His childhood was spent on the crooked streets of the Mirabad district, among the children of railway workers, most of whom were Russian.He studied at the old school in the pupil, then in the madrasah (1885-1886). He was engaged in independent reading. He studied Arabic, Persian, Russian. Orenburg, Kazan, watched gazeta-magazines, which went out in Tbilisi. In a short period of time, he became known as an enlightener and became one of the active manifestations of ijgimoi-cultural mobility in the country. One of the most important changes in the cultural life of Turkestan in the early 20th century was a change in schoolwork.
As Abdulla Avloni predicted in his time: "If pedagogy wants to educate a person in every possible way, then it is necessary that a person learn in every possible way", in fact, since in the process of education, teachers are responsible for the formation of youth upbringing and their cognitive potential, first of all, the formation of communication skills between the reader. In attracting students to the
lesson, of course, requires a great pedagogical skill from the teacher. . While we are studying the pedagogical actions of Abdulla Avloni in the field of education, we can also see that the girls in his school also sit side by side with the children and study .In one of the numbers of 1910 years of the" Newspaper of the Turkistan region", the same year, 23 May, at the Avlonian school, he touched on the exam held in the presence of several scribes, fathers of the shogird people and many spectators, and reported that one young shogird-girl was fascinated by everyone with her own mind and upbringing.
We recognize Abdulla Avloni not only as a pedagogue, but also as a literary scientist. His early poetic works were published in the books" literature or national poems "(I, II, III, Gujuzlar)," Maktab Gulistoni "(1916)," Mardikorlar ashulasi "(1917) and "Sabzavotlar" (1914), as well as works published in the pages of the time press. They were propagated knowledge, condemned ignorance and ignorance, the socio-moral foundations of the old system, thought about the free and happy times. In this respect, the poems of Avlani in this period are in harmony with Hamza, the train of the Anbar horse. Avlony widely used finger weight in literature. He wrote poems adapted to national tunes and enriched the possibilities.
"To bring the ability of man to perfection is in the means of upbringing. A child turns out to be a happy person, if he is well-educated, preserved from corrupt behavior and is big, accustomed to his beautiful people. If an ill-mannered, morally corrupt person grows up, turns out to be an ignorant, ignorant rasvoi man who does not take heed, does all sorts of corrupt deeds."Therefore, pedagogical diagnostics and correction are of great importance in researching and finding solutions to the problems of pedagogical theory and practice. In my opinion, the teacher only gives knowledge in the course of the lesson and at the same time gives training in his own actions, mimics and colloquial, polite.
To the teacher who has such qualities, the young people who are self-schooling, too, will be able to morning, besides listening to him, he will be able to explain his thoughts silently.
It is known to us that education is a process conducted under the guidance of specially trained people, which develops cognitive abilities that arm students with knowledge, skills and abilities, content their worldview. It would not be a mistake to say that pedagogical technologies and interactive techniques implemented by the teacher in the process of ser content increase the activity of students, teachers in relation to the educational process. In particular, in the process of the lesson, it is necessary to approach scientifically not only with the exposure or speech fictions, but also to conduct the educational process on the basis of interactive methods, which will lead to the intensification of the lesson.
In particular, Abdulla Avloni in the textbook" Ikkinchi muallim" created special poems for expressive and memorizing. The poet paid special attention to the structure, musicality of such poems, the regularity of rhymes, stands. As a rule, such poems are absorbed by the author, as well as the reader's feelings.Hence, poems aimed at expressive reading are sonorous, playful, put on the reader's feelings the task of teaching poetry-beauty, artistic speech to feel. Abdulla Avlani pays special
attention to the method of expressive reading, as in the lower classes of the school, in aesthetic education of students, in the cultivation of their oral speech. Therefore, this method of textbooks "Birinchi muallim" and "Ikkinchi Muallim" of the author is much more widely used in jadid schools and has been repeatedly reprinted.It can not be overemphasized if we say that through this he not only has achieved the development of the circle of the culture of speech, but also through such a method, the emergence of thinking, observation, mimic movements in the reader, the descent of himself in a daring lesson, and the memorization of such prose in poetry, in turn, creates a basis for.I think that it is very effective to use the following techniques in educational conditions, in pedagogical direction, in carrying out the course process:
1. Method of pedagogical observation.
2. Method of conversation.
3. Survey method.
4. Interview method.
It would not be a mistake to say that these methods coincide with Abdulla Avlani's views. Abdulla Avlani's textbooks are of great importance in the cultivation of children's oral speech by the method of conversation, teaching artistic vocabulary.A number of forms of expressive reading are given in the Avloni complexes "Literature or national poems" and "School Gulistan" - such beautiful texts as Declaration (individual reading), reading as chorus, reading as roles. It should be noted that some poems in the literary complex ("Who is the Noma", "What is in us a lot") serve to teach readers the elementary forms of expressive reading. In these poems, a bitter irony, a tone of hatred stand in the center of attention of readers. Such collective reading, in turn, leads to the formation of such concepts as mutual closeness, harmony, communion among students, as well as the emergence of close interdependence.
Having didactic and pedagogical views, Abdulla Avlani did not only limit himself to the elementary forms of reading in his textbooks, but also did serious work, at the same time, at that time, to spread knowledge, to call the people to master science.In 191-1911-ies, representatives of the "Grammofon" society in Riga came to the cities of Central Asia and recorded on plastic the classical status and songs of famous hafizs among the Uzbek, Kazakh, Tajik, Kyrgyz peoples. On this occasion, the Masterpiece performed by the famous artist Mulla Toychi Toshmuhamedov (1868-1943) is also written on plates.A great enlightener poet of his time, a pedagogue.Avlani also used technical means of teaching the people of that period in order to promote science and education. First of all, Abdulla Avlani uses technical means in order to attract Uzbek children to school, disseminate enlightenment among the people, create first examples of expressive reading.
Abdulla attaches special importance to the unity of education and training in Avldani. Behind the intellectual upbringing, which is an expression of human intelligent activity, achieves great honor and perfection, in this place the breadth of the thinking circle of the teacher, the high level of knowledge in all respects are decisive in the education of students.The development of the ability to think leads to a work with the mind: it teaches students to distinguish between good deeds and
bad deeds, to master the good deeds that are necessary for a perfect person, to stay away from bad deeds that lead a person to error.
Abdulla Avlani also wrote many poems and parables for children. In these works, the poet aims to expand the circle of thoughts of children of school age, instilling in them love for school and book, labor, nature, Motherland.In these poems, the poet describes the motherland in simple and sincere Egypt that not only in the middle of those tenth years, but also children of today's school age can get great aesthetic pleasure from them. In fact, starting from the definition of the poet Vatan, "from the mountains make deposits, from the Lands make grains... The air is very pleasant, there are deserts stone, sand.
n conclusion, I can say that such views of Abdulla Avloni and the methods that led to the process of the lesson lead not only to the growth of communicative abilities in the student, to the establishment of emotional communication between the pupils, to the solution of problematic situations, to work in a group, to listen to the opinion of others .The use of pedagogical innovations, the use of integrated processes, the use of interactive techniques are insufficient in the formation of students as spiritually competent, with a high intellectual potential, independent and free-thinking, creative. It will be necessary to take into account the inner world of the personality of the reader. That is, I think it is necessary to be able to count on his personal opinion, to notice the abilities in him, to positively influence the increase in his vocabulary.
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