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Section 8. Medical science
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-17-1.2-94-95
Nuraliyev Nekkadam Abdullaevich, MD, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Research of the Institute of Sanitary, Hygiene and Professional Diseases MH of the RUz., Tashkent, Uzbekistan, E-mail: nek-qadam-nur@mail.ru Sobirova Dildora Ravshanovna, Junior Researcher of the Department of Hygiene of Water and Soil of the Institute of Sanitary, Hygiene and Professional Diseases MH of the RUz., Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Baltaeva Klara, Senior Lecturer of the Chair of Microbiology and Ecology of the Tashkent Pharmacy Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ginatullina Elena Nikolaevna, Associate professor, Senior Rresearcher of the Department of Hygiene of Water and Soil of the Institute of Sanitary, Hygiene and Professional Diseases MH of the RUz., Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Effect of genetically modified product on reproduction function, biochemical and hematology indexes in experimantal study
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of genetically modified (GM) foods on alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters and effect on reproduction at experiment with white rats. It was found the difference between the tested and control groups: as the blood parameters as well the reproduction indexes of test group of animals were in imbalance with studied biochemical and hematological parameters of control animals. There was observed effect of GM soy product on reproduction cycles of first generation of experimental animals.
Keywords: genetically modified, soybeans, rats, blood indexes, reproduction.
Introduction. The aim of the study was to assess the medical and biological safety of product which obtained from GM-soybeans. We carried out the series of test with laboratory white rats to investigate the effect of soy GM-product on both a) biochemical and hematological blood indexes and b) reproduction functions. Recently there were a few studies conducted by independent scientists and not interested companies to study any negative effect of GM products on laboratory animals. Therefore, such kind of the study on GM product has one scientific value [4; 6].
Materials and methods. Experimental group were fed by general diet and during 30 days with adding GM soy flour in dose 0.003 g per rat, while the control group received a general diet without GM additives. After pairing experimental and control groups we carry out the desiccation procedure of females (n= 15 — test animal, n=15 — control animal) at 16-17th day of their gestation and recorded number of live embryos and the presence of dark homogeneous cells (dead embryos) for each female [3].
Peripheral blood was obtained from the carotid artery of laboratory animals, and blood tests were carried out according to conventional methods [1; 2]. Statistical analyses were performed by standard method of variation statistics.
Result and Discussions. It should be noted that prior to the
beginning of basic GM experiment to fed laboratory rats in test
group diet was added dose of GM soy flour as 0.02-0.03g per one rat. However, after 10 days of this diet, into the male' testis was observed both: the hy-postases and reddening; because of the fact, fed dose was reduced in 10 times and consisted 0.003 g.
Result of rat dissection procedure showed that indexes ofpost-implantation mortality was zero at each of dissected female of experimental and control; number of mature embryos found in female 'uterus consisted of 5-9 and it was not significantly different for test and control groups (P<0.05).
In females of control group was observed fertility rate as 100%, compared to females of test group fertility rate consisted 60%. Besides, in females of test group compared to control were observed following features: a) the later term ofpregnancy (estrus began after 10-14 days of pairing period, while for control females estrus started on 1-6-th day after pairing); b) a prolonged time to becoming the birth rates (up to 2 days) compared to control females (1h).
In addition, the following index of "troubled" bearing of embryos for test group female was a higher rate of mortality of pregnant females consisted 50%, while in the control group mortality of pregnant females was 20%.
During of anatomical dissection of test and control rats (mals and females) it was found for tested animals that organ of digestive system, especially the liver and spleen was exposed by noticeable
Morphology of neuroendocrineimmune system of jejunum in early postnatal ontogenesis
the anatomical and pathological changes in weight, size, color and texture compared with control group animals.
Furthermore, biochemical result of blood of test animals was significantly differed from control groups for altered indexes: it was decreased in 1.3 times of creatinine and in 1.7 times of associated bilirubin (P <0.05). Also there was observed a significant decline of such biochemical indicators ofblood tested animals: in 1.5 times of AST, 1.4 times of ALT, 1.4 times in urea and in 1.4 times of glucose relative to control (P<0.05).
Moreover, for biochemical indexes it was found that in the treated by GM product group, was increased as total protein value in 1.1-fold, as well the free bilirubin indices risen in 1.5 times relation to the control (P <0.05).
The result of blood hematological indexes shown that treated by GM soybeans group was reducing of hemoglobin in 1.2 times: 63.16 ± 7.06 g/L and 75.66 ± 8.46 g/l for test and control groups simultaneously; P <0.001). The number of leukocytes also was decreasing in 2.6 times (1.95 ± 0.36 x 10 9/L and 5.05 ± 3.59 x 10 9/L for test and control groups simultaneously; P<0.001).
At the same time into blood of rats from the test group was observed: a) the emerged in red blood cells of corpuscles Jolly (1.9±1.3%) and b) toxic granularity ofleukocytes (1.9 ± 1.3%), which were not observed in control group ofrats. The emergence of the toxic elements (corpuscles Jolly in erythrocytes and leukocytes toxic granularity) indicated the pathological process in animal body, and reduction of antitoxic characteristics of liver may be taken into account as evidence of decreasing in the immune resistance of organism.
For both groups was practically not found any traces of formation and/or development of tumor. In internal organs (heart, lungs) was not detected any abnormalities compared with control rats at their look and size as.
Conclusion: Certainly, GM products have great advantages over the original one by plan-ting. However, in this study we fed animals by GM soy additive as 0.003g per rat during 30 days and noticed two significantly effects on both: reproduction functions and immune system of treated by soybeans animals. The study confirms once again the statement of investigators that for each a new obtained by genetically engineered plant product must be subjected to careful investigations, which carried out by independent research groups [5; 7].
References:
1. Aripov A. N., Fesenko L. M. Clinical biochemistry. Methods. Tashkent, published by «Abu-Ali' Sino». - 2000. - 271 p.
2. Jarmuchamedova T.Yu. Semushina S. G. Pachomova I. A. et al. International rules on work with laboratory animals before the clinical researches//Toxicological Bulletin. - 2011. - 4 (109): 2-9. (I n Russin).
3. Karkishenko N. N. Gracheva S. V. Guidelines for experimental animals and alternative models biomedical researches. Moscow, published by «Profil», - 2010. - 241 p.
4. McCann M. C., LiuK., TrujilloW. A., Dogbert R. C. Glyphosate-tolerant soybeans remain com-positionally equivalent to conventional soybeans (Glycinemax L) during three years of yield-tes-ting//Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. - 2005. - 53: 5331-5.
5. Kim S. H., Kim H. M., Ye Y. M. et al. Evaluating the allergic risk of genetically modified soy-bean//Yenisei Medical Journal. - 2006. -47: 505-12.
6. Yum H. Y., Lee S. Y., Lee K. E. et al. Genetically modified and wild soybeans: an immunological comparison//Allergy Asthma Proc. -2005. - 26: 210-6.
7. Cantani A. Benefits and concerns associated with biotechnology-derived foods: can additional researcher duce chi drumhead thirsts//Eur Rev ofMed Pharm Sci. - 2006. - 10: 197-206.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-17-1.2-95-98
Oripov Firdavs Suratovich, Samarkand State Medical Institute Chief of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology,
Associate Professor, E-mail: ichkinazorat@mail.ru
Morphology of neuroendocrineimmune system of jejunum in early postnatal ontogenesis
Abstract: The morphology of the nervous, diffuse endocrine and immune apparatus of jejunum of 20 day old rabbits were comprehensively studied by using neurohistological, general histological and ultramicroscopic methods and found their morpho-functional improvements because of transition to new quality nutrition at this age. Keywords: jejunum, local regulatory apparatus.
Introduction. Study ontogenesis of the jejunum [2; 3; 4; 5] and its regulatory structures [1; 6] attracts attention ofthe investigators in the last years. However the complex study of regulatory structures of the jejunum wall in the period of the early postnatal ontogenesis which have a certain importance in order to elucidation their integrative role and interaction in the period of morphofunctional adaptation to the new existing and nutrition status have not enough studied.
Aim of investigation. The complex study of morphology of the local regulatory structures of the rabbits' jejunum in the period of adaptation for the qualitatively new nutrition method.
Materials and study design. Morphology of the intramural nerve, diffuse endocrine apparatus and immune structures of jejunum of 16 rabbits of 20 days of age have been studied. Fixation of material in formalin and embedding material in paraffin has been
