CC BY
6
https://doi.org/10.29013/AJT-23-1.2-9-12
Egamberdiev E.,
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Kholdarov R.,
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Masharipov R.,
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Muratkulov O.,
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Akmalova G.,
Tashkent Chemical-Technologycal Institute
Ergashev Yo.,
Tashkent Chemical-Technologycal Institute Mirzakhmedova M., Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry
EFFECT OF FLOCCULINANTS ON STABILITY OF PAPER MATERIALS
Abstract. A composite paper based on cellulose from Jerusalem artichoke and basalt fiber was obtained. The influence of new flocculants and fillers on the properties of paper was studied. The results obtained are shown in graph form.
Keywords: Cellulose, basalt fiber, strength, flocculants, composite paper, fiber hydration, filler.
Introduction. Currently, a number of works are Research objects and methods. Jerusalem arti-
being carried out to develop the chemical industry choke cellulose, basalt fiber, a new type of flocculant
of the republic and replace existing technologies in PETF-1 and PETF-2, and stabilizers were taken as
its industries with new ones, as well as organize pro- research objects.
duction based on them based on new technologies. Experience part. If the paper pulp is based on
It should be noted that the need for paper and paper vegetable cellulose, basalt fiber, the reduction of
products in our country is extremely high. To eliminate ^-potential in the components is only one of the
this deficit, it was necessary to create innovative tech- ways to increase the preservation of the compo-
nologies for the production of paper and paper prod- nents, because hydration of fibers, fillers, forma-
ucts, to speed up the production system several times. tion of a network of fibers is the most serious fac-
The rapid development of technology leads to tor of system stability. It is particularly important
increased attention to the increasing requirements to mention the preservation of binder-aluminum
for the quality of products. Increasing the wear resis- polyhydrocomplexes, because the more binder that
tance of paper is one of the main indicators of quality. remains in the paper during the paper casting pro-
It is knotems, i.e., the formation of agglomerates cess, the greater the likelihood of creating a much
as a result of the combination of small particles with stronger material. Sealing the connector leads to
large ones. This serves to speed up the dewatering of the fulfillment of the environmental requirement
the pulp and preserve its components. for groundwater.
In the developing technology of paper products based on vegetable cellulose and basalt fiber, when synthetic flocculants are used to preserve the binder, there is an opportunity to increase the durability of paper based on mineral fibers. For this purpose, special experiments were conducted, in which polyacryl-amide (PAA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI), which are used in paper production, were used to increase the efficiency of aluminum polyhydrocomplexes.
Before us, a number of expert scientists conducted a number of experiments in this field and used synthetic polyelectrolytes and polyethyleneimine Polymin KM and Polymin R as flocculants [1].
Currently, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filter bags are being rationally processed from polymer household waste and used for various fields (filter membranes, adsorption, paper industry). For this purpose, we took a two-proportional product (alkagoliz product) based on PET and used it as a flocculant in the paper industry. We tentatively named these products PETF-1 and PETF-2. These flocculants were used after comparison with commercially available flocculants.
The samples were prepared from 18% aluminum sulfate and Jerusalem artichoke cellulose and basalt fibers, while the pH value was changed from 4.5 to 9.0 during casting. PETF-1 and PETF-2 were used as flocculants, their consumption was from 0.25% to 2.5% by mass.
Results 1, 2 and 3 are shown in pictures. Fig. 1 shows the curves of the sample obtained without the addition of flocculants for control.
Analysis of the graphs allows us to identify certain patterns that are common to all tested flocculants and reinforcement additives. For all polyelectrolytes tested, the conditions under which the presence ofaluminum compounds increases the strengthening effect can be selected. In addition, in the presence of polyelectrolytes, the dependence ofaluminum polyhydrocomplexes on the values of the pN environment increases dramatically, and this dependence becomes more complex. In this case, it can be assumed that the ^-potential will change under the influence of polyelectrolyte.
Moreover, it is necessary to take into account that the change in the value of rN affects not only the activity of polyhydrocomplexes, but also the shape of flocculants molecules, because the «coil-helix» type transition takes place. The system becomes more complicated, but within the framework of the tasks set before us, it is necessary to choose a recipe that ensures the achievement of the required level of composite quality, based on revealing the characteristics of the determining factors.
It was shown that the greatest efficiency was achieved when the native anionic polyacrylamide was used at 0.25 mass%. It should be noted that the maximum values in the tables of changes in strength from the value of rN correspond to the neutral zone. The control values of resistance of samples prepared without flocculants are, in most cases, lower than the values obtained using PAA. It should be noted that this is also typical ofthe case with polyethyleneimine.
When using polyethylenimine (Figures 1, 2), the maximum values are relatively abstract, and they are located from a low acid environment to a low alkaline environment. However, in all cases, there is a clear dependence of the durability of the samples on the rN values. This means that when synthetic flocculant is used for one or another purpose during the technological process in the investigated systems, the requirements for rN control during mass injection should be somewhat stricter.
Thus, the use of synthetic polyelectrolytes in the composition of paper-like materials based on mineral fibers is an effective way to increase its durability. The best results were achieved when polyethyleneimine was used: the strength of materials with 10-12 mass% aluminum polyhydrocomplexes in the composition increases 7 times in the presence of these polyelectrolytes (up to 3.0 and 2.0 MPa, respectively, when using PETF-1 and PETF-2). In this case, it should be noted that the strengthening effect is influenced not only by polymer, but by similarity to paper pulp, conditionally, with the presence of flocculant, more retention of aluminum hydroxides.
a) b)
Figure 1. The effect of PAA on the strength of samples from Jerusalem artichoke cellulose and aluminum sulfate (a) and Jerusalem artichoke cellulose, basalt fiber and aluminum sulfate (b) at the consumption of flocculant (mass%): 1-0.25; 2-0.5; 3-1.0; 4-2.0; 5 - without flocculant
a) b)
Figure 2. Effect of PETF-1 polyethylenimine on durability of samples from Jerusalem artichoke cellulose and aluminum sulfate (a) and Jerusalem artichoke cellulose, basalt fiber and aluminum sulfate (b) at consumption of flocculant (mass%): 1-0.25; 2-0.5; 3-1.5; 4-2.5
a) b)
Figure 3. The effect of PETF-2 on the durability of samples from Jerusalem artichoke cellulose and aluminum sulfate (a) and Jerusalem artichoke cellulose, basalt fiber and aluminum sulfate (b) at the consumption of flocculant (mass%): 1-0.25; 2-0.5; 3-1.5; 4-2.5
True, in each individual case, it is necessary to tions for the use of binders and to initially select the carry out preliminary tests and technical-economic most effective of the many means of increasing the analysis to determine the optimal (optimal) condi- preservation of paper pulp components.
Conclusion. In general, a technical solution order to ensure the necessary level of preservation
was developed to ensure the reinforcement of of components during mass casting, it is envisaged
composite materials with the help of polyhydroxo- to use appropriate flocculants in the preparation of
complexes of metals based on mineral fibers, and in pH medium.
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