Effect of alternative electric field on the cress roots gravitropic reaction in static magnetic field Текст научной статьи по специальности «Электротехника, электронная техника, информационные технологии»

ЕЛЕКТРОМАГШТНА ТА РАД1АЦ1ИНА _Б1ОФ1ЗИКА I МЕДИЦИНА

ELECTROMAGNETIC AND RADIATION BIOPHYSICS AND MEDICINE

Фгзика живого, Т. 21, No1-2, 2014. С. 37-42. © Bogatina N.I., Sheykina N.V., Linnik A.S.

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EFFECT OF ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE CRESS ROOTS GRAVITROPIC

REACTION IN STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD

'Bogatina N.I., 2Sheykina N.V., 'Linnik A.S.

1 B.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics&Engineering of NAS of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine

e-mail: [email protected] 2 National University of Pharmacy, Kharkov, Ukraine e-mail: [email protected]

Haginmna go pega^iï 09.09.2014

The gravitropic reaction of cress roots was investigated in static vertical magnetic field and alternative electric field of different directions. The alternative electric field was tuned to cyclotron frequency of Ca2+ ions in vertical magnetic field. Three variants were investigated. In the first one the magnetic field and the electric field are parallel between themselves and gravitational vector . So the roots were located perpendicular to all of them. In second and third variants the magnetic field and the electric field are perpendicular to each other and roots were located either perpendicular to electric field (second variant) or parallel to it ( third variant). In the first and second variants the essential inhibition of gravitropic reaction was observed.

Ключовi слова: static magnetic field, alternative electric field, gravitropic reaction, roots direction, cyclotron frequency.

INTRODUCTION

The investigation of combined magnetic field (CMF, static and parallel to it alternative magnetic field) influence on the plants roots gravitropic reaction was studied in details before for different relative orientation of fields and roots [1-4]. It was shown that the effect developed essentially on the orientation of roots relatively the CMF[3]. It was shown that the roots direction relatively BDC and BAC (BDC and BAC are inductances of static and alternative magnetic fields) are essential for negative gravitropic reaction and decreasing of gravitropic reaction observation [4]. The effect we obtained may be explained by our theory based on Liboff's hypothesis (the electric field was taken in consideration) and ours previous work [3,4] The breathing of the membrane is important only in the cases when the ions direction of moving is not parallel either for BoC or BAC.

To confirm or deny our hypothesis we change the alternative component of magnetic field by alternative electric field of different orientations. In the work the following variants of roots location relatively to static component of magnetic field and alternative component of electric field were studied.

At first variant the static magnetic field was directed parallel to the gravitation vector, the

alternative electric field was directed parallel to static magnetic field, roots were directed perpendicular to both two fields components and gravitation vector;

At second variant the static magnetic field was directed parallel to the gravitation vector, the alternative electric field was directed perpendicular to static one, roots were directed parallel to alternative electric field;

At third variant the static magnetic field was directed parallel to the gravitation vector, the alternative electric field was directed perpendicular to static one, roots were directed perpendicular to both two fields components and gravitation vector.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The materials and methods of the investigation were described in our works [2,3].

The only distinction is the possibility to obtain the electric field that was parallel or perpendicular to gravitation vector. For the purpose the samples were located in capacitance between two non-magnetic planes (fig1,2).

The constructive and functional features of the experimental devices for bioelectromagnetic researches are showed below (Fig. 1, Fig.2 and Fig.3).

Bogatina N.I., S heykina N.V., Linnlk A.S.

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Fig.1. The damping rubber (1) supported the holder of dielectric material (2). The ^-metal shield (3) surrounded the samples (4) that were mounted inside a moist chamber of non-magnetic plastic material (5) and solenoids (8, 9). The magnetic field was measured and controlled by sensor elements (fluxgate magnetometer or SQUID), (6) inside a holder (7). The solenoids (8, 9) have a cylindrical shape and comprise the system that generates the static magnetic field (9). Two flat plates from nonmagnetic material(10) were sourced from LF generator. They are divided by dielectric plate (11). The enlarged central part of the top view shows the orientation of 4 pairs ofroots (4), arranged around the magnetic field sensor (7). The coils of solenoids (8, 9) are the spaces between the circles in the bottompart. The space between the innermost circles is the holder of dielectric material (2).

EFFECT OF ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE CRESS ROOTS GRAVITROPIC REACTION IN STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD_

Fig.2. The damping rubber (1) supported the holder of dielectric material (2). The ^-metal shield (3) surrounded the samples (4) that were mounted inside a moist chamber of non-magnetic plastic material (5) and solenoids (8, 9). The magnetic field was measured and controlled by sensor elements (fluxgate magnetometer or SQUID), (6) inside a holder (7). The solenoids (8, 9) have a cylindrical shape and comprise the system that generates the static magnetic field (9). Two flat plates from nonmagnetic material(10) were sourced from LF generator. They are divided by dielectric plate (11)/ The enlarged central part of the top view shows the orientation of 4 pairs ofroots (4), arranged around the magnetic field sensor (7). The coils of solenoids (8, 9) are the spaces between the circles in the bottompart. The space between the innermost circles is the holder of dielectric material (2).

Remark: the only difference between fig.1 and fig.2 was the orientation of the electric field created by non-magnetic planes.

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RESULTS

The experimental modes and results are shown in Fig. 4,5 and 6.

As it is clear from fig.5 the gravitropic reaction velocity depended essentially on the direction of roots growing relatively the alternative electric field direction. At the first and second variants the speed of gravitropic reaction is decreased essentially while at

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Bogatina N.I., S heykina N.V., Linnlk A.S.

the third variant does not differ from the control experiment. The biological effect was observed only for the amplitude of alternative electric field 100V//m. We didn"t observe any effect at the amplitude of alternative electric field 10V//m. We have to notice

here that it is impossible to determine the exact value of amplitude of alternative electric field because of the wet environment. It depends on the humidity of the camera and the electric resistance of the root.

First variant.

Second variant

Third variant

Fig.4. The gravitropic reaction of cress roots for 0.5 (a, c, e, g) and 1 hour (b, d, f, h). The value of static magnetic field induction was equal to 40^T, the frequency of alternative electric field was equal to 31.75 Hz, and the amplitude of electric field was equal to 100 V/m.

EFFECT OF ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE CRESS ROOTS GRAVITROPIC REACTION IN STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD_

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Fig.5. The dependences of divergences of cress roots from the horizontal plane on time. Curve B corresponds to the first variant (alternative electric field is parallel to static magnetic field and gravitrpic vector and roots' direction is perpendicular to all of them) curve D corresponds to the second variant (alternative electric field is perpendicular to static magnetic field and gravitrpic vector and roots' direction is perpendicular to all of them), curve F relates to the third variant(alternative electric field is perpendicular to static magnetic field and gravitrpic vector and roots' direction is parallel to electric field) and curve H relates to the control experiment. The value of static magnetic field induction was equal to 40^T, the frequency of alternative electric field was equal to 31.75 Hz, and the amplitude of electric field was equal to 100 V/m.

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Fig.6. The dependences of divergences of cres s roots from the horizontal plane on time. Curve B corresponds to the first variant (alternative electric field is parallel to static magnetic field and gravitrpic vector and roots' direction is perpendicular to all of them) curve D corresponds to the second variant (alternative electric field is perpendicular to static magnetic field and gravitrpic vector and roots' direction is perpendicular to all of them).

The results obtained in this work confirm the results of our previous works [3, 4]. It was shown in the works [3, 4] that the biological effect on gravitropic reaction existed only in the cases when the roots direction was perpendicular to static or alternative magnetic fields or to both of them. In this work we showed that the same effect existed. The gravitropic reaction was sensitive to static magnetic field and alternative electric one only when the roots direction coincided with the perpendicular to both static magnetic and the alternative electric fields. So we could conclude that the effect was obtained only for cases when both fields changed the direction of ions moving. So as in the works [3, 4] the main direction of Ca2+ ions' moving was the moving along the roots

The effect we obtained may be explained by our theory based on Liboff's hypothesis (the electric field was taken in consideration) and ours previous works. The breathing of the membrane is important only in the cases when the ions direction of moving is not parallel either for BDC or BAC or EAC. We have to notice that while the gravitropic reaction is absent, the roots become thicker. The effect may be connected with water detained in roots.

CONCLUSIONS

1. The direction of roots relatively both static magnetic field and alternative electric field is very important.

2. The effect may be explained by membrane breathing caused by alternative electric field.

References

1. KordyumE.L.,BogatinaN.I.,. Kalinina Ya..M.., Sheykina N.V. Weak combined magnetic field changes root gravitropism Advances in Space Research., 36, P. 1229 ( 2005).

2. Kordyum E., Bogatina N., Sobol M., Kalinina Ja., KondrachukA. Cyclotron-based effects on plant gravitropism . Adv. Space Res. 39, . P. 1210 (2007)

3. Bogatina, N.I., Sheykina N.V., Kordyum E.L. Maize and cress roots orientation in combined magnetic field change roots gravitropic reaction response on its action. Experiment and new hypothesis . Adaptation mechanism Proceedings of V1 International Congress "Low and superlow magnetic fields and radiation in biology and medicine // 02-06 July Saint-Petersburg, P.73, (2012)

4. Bogatina N.I., Sheykina N.V., Linnik A.S. Influence of different relative orientation of static and alternative magnetic fields and crsss roots on theirgravitropic reaction Scientific Notes ofTaurida V.I. Vernadsky National UniversitySeries «Biology, chemistry». . 27 (66).. No 1. Р. 24-28.(2014).

Грубник Б.П., Григорук В.1., Понежа С.Г., Понежа Г.В., 1вановська А.В., Богдан Т.В.

ВПЛИВ ЗМ1ННОГО ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОГО ПОЛЯ НА ГРАВ1ГРОП1ЧНУ РЕАКЦ1Ю КОРЕН1В КРЕС-СЕЛАТУ В ПОСТШНОМУ МАГН1ГНОМУ ПОЛ1

Богат1на Н.1., Шейкина Н.В., Линник О.С.

Дослщжено грав1трошчну реакцю корешв крес-салату в статичному вертикальному магттному пол1 i змшному електричному пол1 р1зно! ощентаци вектору напруженостг Змшне електричне поле було налаштовано на циклотронно! частоти юнш Са + у вертикальному магттному полг Було дослщжеш три вар1анти. У першому вар1аип магттне поле i електричне поле були паралельт м1ж собою та гравггацшному вектору, а коршня було розташовано перпендикулярно до вс1х з них У другому i третьому вар1антах магттне поле i електричне поле було перпендикулярним один одному , а коршня було розташовано або перпендикулярно електричному полю (другий вар1ант) або паралельно (третш вар1ант). У першому i другому вар1антах спостер1гали ютотне шпбування гравпропческой реакцп.

Ключов1 слова: статичне магттне поле, змшне електричне поле, грав1тротчна реакцш, циклотронний резонанс.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПЕРЕМЕННОГО ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПОЛЯ НА ГРАВИТРОПИЧЕСКУЮ РЕАКЦИЮ КОРНЕЙ КРЕС-САЛАТА В ПОСТОЯННОМ МАГНИТНОМ ПОЛЕ

Богатина Н.И., Шейкина Н.В., Линник А.С.

Исследована гравитропическая реакция корней кресс-салата в статическом вертикальном магнитном поле и переменном электрическом поле различной ориентации вектора напряженности. Переменное электрическое поле было настроено на циклотронную частоту ионов Са2+ в вертикальном магнитном поле. Были исследованы три варианта. В первом варианте магнитное поле и электрическое поле были параллельны между собой и гравитационному вектору, а корни были расположены перпендикулярно ко всем из них. Во втором и третьем вариантах магнитное поле и электрическое поле было перпендикулярным друг другу, а корни были расположен или перпендикулярно электрическому полю (второй вариант) или параллельно (третий вариант). В первом и втором вариантах наблюдали существенное ингибирование гравитропической реакции.

Ключевые слова: статическое магнитное поле, переменное электрическое поле, гравитропическая реакция, циклотронный резонанс.