0EDUCATION SYSTEM OF UNITED KINGDOM AND UZBEKISTAN
Gulnoza Lutfullayevna Abdullayeva
Student, Chirchik State Pedagogical University
gulnozaabdullayeva! 19@gmail .com
Scientific adviser: Ulugbek Yarashovich Elmurodov
Senior teacher, Chirchik State Pedagogical University saman-sardor@mail .ru
ANNOTATION
This article provide information about differences and similarities of United Kingdom and Uzbekistan education system. You can see a big difference between the two countries. The education system of United Kingdom and Scotland(which is part of the United Kingdom)is more developed than Uzbekistan. While reading article, you may understand what education is important part of our life. I hope, you may take information about how to control and work education system in schools, colleges and so on.
Keywords: education, schools, universities, knowledge, languages, uniform, timetable.
АННОТАЦИЯ
В этой статье представлена информация о различиях и сходствах систем образования Соединенного Королевства и Узбекистана. Вы можете увидеть большую разницу между двумя странами. Система образования Соединенного Королевства и Шотландии (которая является частью Соединенного Королевства) более развита, чем в Узбекистане. Читая статью, вы можете понять, что образование является важной частью нашей жизни. Я надеюсь, что вы можете получить информацию о том, как управлять и работать с системой образования в школах, колледжах и так далее.
Ключевые слова: образование, школы, вузы, знание, языки, форма, расписание.
ANNOTATSIYA
№ИЬи тадоШа Ьиуик Вгйатуа va O,zbekiston ta,lim ^^апт^ farqlari
April 23-24, 2024
371
va o'xshashliklari haqida ma'lumot berilgan. Ikki mamlakat o'rtasida katta farqni ko'rishingiz mumkin. Birlashgan Qirollik va Shotlandiyaning ta'lim tizimi (Buyuk Britaniyaning bir qismi) O'zbekistonga qaraganda ancha rivojlangan. Maqolani o'qiyotganda, ta'lim hayotimizning muhim qismi ekanligini tushunishingiz mumkin. Umid qilamanki, siz maktablarda, kollejlarda va hokazolarda ta'lim tizimini qanday boshqarish va ular bilan ishlash haqida ma'lumot olishingiz mumkin.
Kalit so'zlar: ta'lim, maktablar, universitetlar, bilim, tillar, shakl, jadval.
Introduction
What is education? Education is both the act of teaching knowledge to others or the act of receiving knowledge from someone else. The real education is a journey from converting the human being in to being human. Education is not only what we learn in school, college or university. Everything we learn in life is also education. Education help us to get knowledge, information, experience and also it can help you improve in your career and your personal growth. It helps you take the right decisions in life.
I will explain and give information about difference and similarities United Kingdom and Uzbekistan education system in my article. As we know, United Kingdom is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The education system of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland have continued to diversify in recent years. Scotland has it's own qualification framework. While the system in England, Wales and Northern Ireland share some similarities. If I begin United Kingdom education system, The United Kingdom education system is worldwide reputed for its high quality and standards. The education system in the United Kingdom is divided into four main parts. They are primary education, secondary education, further education and higher education.Traditionally pr-school begins at the age of 2-3.Children in the United Kingdom have to legally attend primary and secondary education which begin from 5 years old until the student is 16 years old. The primary school include from 5 to 11 years old.The school week runs from Monday to Friday. Normally school day start between 8:00 and 9:00 ends between 15:00 and 16:00. Primary schools may also have afternoon breaks. Some schools have a shorter day on Friday. Children focus on the core subjects of math, science or literacy. Pupils between 12 and 16 years are legally required to attend a secondary school. Pupils learn all subjects this stages. Pupils also should learn at least one foreign language. This stages of compulsory education is called" lower secondary". After finished lower secondary, pupils may choose to start work or vocational training. Or they can go on collage or sixth form, when 16 to 18 years old prepare for university. When it comes
April 23-24, 2024
372
to higher education, higher education is third level education after leave school. It takes place at universities or collages.
Methodology
Studying higher education can also help you to develop skills and qualities that employers value, for example as problem solving or communication skills. It can also help you to have career for future. There are 164 universities in United Kingdom. 14 United Kingdom universities are among the top 100 educational institutions in the world. Moreover, students usually enter higher education from 18 years old, and can study a different type of vocational and academic qualifications. Higher education often begin with a three-year bachelor degree. Higher education gives you the chance to learn a subjects which you are interested in and can boost your career prospects. The cost of higher education can vary depending on where you study. Higher education qualification include: diplomas, bachelor degree, foundation degree, post- graduate degree, doctoral degrees.
Furthermore, when it comes to England education system, England also has a tradition of independent school(some of which call themselves public schools)and home education. Some of parents may choose to educate their children at home. The England educational system is divided into primary, secondary and higher education. Pupils are required to start school at the age of five. Compulsory education lasts until the age of sixteen. Most pupils transfer from primary to secondary education at the age of eleven. Then students may continue their secondary study at the age of 11 years old, also they remain there until 18 years old. Then they move higher education from 18 years old. As well, Independent or private or public primary schools in England usually doesn't have entrance exams for new pupils, although sometimes it is necessary to go through an assessment. For the majority of secondary school a child will have to have 11+exams.School uniform are worn in over 90% of secondary school in England. Parents are required to purchase uniform for their children.
On the other hand, Education is a most important part of society and Scotland is a nation where a fist-class, world-leading education is accessible to all. Scotland is home to an education sector with a long and proud history and a future on innovation. Scotland has free education to all children living in Scotland. Scotland's schools provides knowledge, skills and attributes for learning and life to all nursery, primary and secondary schooling between the ages of 3-18.In Scotland, there is a wide range of top universities and colleges. However, Scottish education can be unique from other countries, with different meaning for "university", "college" and "school". They were the first country in the world to provide universal education open to both boys and girls, as early as the 17th century.
April 23-24, 2024
373
Discussion and results
Children complete seven year of education at primary school (from P1 to P2) and a further six year at secondary school (from S1 to S6). There is a five level of education. Early stage-pr-school and P1, First level up to the end of P4, second level up to the end of P7,third land fourth level from S1 to S3,senior level S4 to S6,college and so on.
Pupils remain at primary school for seven years. Then aged eleven or twelve, they begin school for a compulsory four year with the following two year being optional. Students move into higher education at the age of 17(rather than 18). Scotland is also home to four "ancient universities". There are 15 universities and three other higher education institutions in Scotland. The school year covers there terms and lasts at least 190 days(38 weeks).The school year usually start in the second or third week of august. Also some educational schools have a short break in mid-February. Furthermore, the school day usually runs from about 9am until about
3:30-4:00pm, from Monday to Friday, although some schools close at lunchtime on Friday.
Wales is a small country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. The Welsh school system is relatively small. Education is compulsory in Wales from the age of 5 to 16, but 98% of children begin their education as 4-years-old and 80% continue beyond 16.Most parents choosing to educate through school-based provision, however, enroll their children in the reception year in September of that school year. The period of compulsory education is divided into four stages. Vocational education is available for students in post-compulsory education and students may take a combination of academic and vocational courses.Children usually enter primary school at the age four, enter secondary school ate the age eleven and take their GCSEs at age of 16.After that, they have the option of staying at school to study A-level or enrolling in further education. From the age of 18,They may study at university. Also, in fact that for all school in Wales, including schools where Welsh is not the principle language, the study of the Wales language is compulsory until age sixteen. I should say that education for children between the ages of 5 and 16 is compulsory in Wales attending school is not. A small proportion of children in Wales are home schooled. If you are aged between 16 and 18 you usually won't have to pay tuition fees. If you are over 19 you might need to pay tuition fees. Some FE colleges offer free or discounted tuition to:learner from low income families, disabled learner, learner on benefits. Children may be able to receive help with the cost of childcare while they are studying. They should contact with their school and college about this. The typical first degree offered at Welsh universities is the
April 23-24, 2024
374
bachelor's degree, usually taking three years to complete full-time. Also some institutions offer an undergraduate master's degree as a first degree, typically lasting four years. And some universities offer a vocationally based foundation degree, typically two years in length.
The education system in Northern Ireland differs from other systems that are available in the United Kingdom, but is most similar to the Welsh system. While the school year in Northern Ireland also start in September. Pupils who is 5-16 must be in full time education. The department of education is responsible for the administration of pr-school, primary and post-primary education in Northern Ireland. Most of the pupils continue on after post-primary to further education and third-level education. Children begin primary school between the ages of 4 and 11. At the ages of 11 and 12 pupils transfer to secondary education and follow the national curriculum. Public funded secondary education is provided in secondary schools or grammar schools.
All pupils learn a broad base of subjects which include geography, English, mathematics, physical, science education, also, as well as, music and modern languages on entering secondary education. At the age of 16 pupils sit their GCSE examination which also marks the end of compulsory education. There are three universities, two university colleges and agricultural college in Northern Ireland. The Northern Ireland is based on the national curriculum used in England and Wales, but with no sates. Children are assessed every year through teacher assessments, and formal results are reported to their parents at the end of years 4 and 7.
Half term holiday may be less than a week long, and most Northern Ireland schools do not have a half term holiday at all in the summer term. The Christmas and easter holidays are often less than two weeks but summer holidays usually last for whole of july and august. All children between the age of four and 16 are entitled to a free school place. Also, the majority of schools are grant-aided, although there are around 10 independent school in Northern Ireland.
According to official sources, about 60 % of Uzbekistan's population is covered under the system of education, pupils should study from 11 to 9 years of compulsory education for boys and girls. Pr-school training begins from 3 to 6 years old. General secondary education begins from 6 to 15 years old. Secondary education is divided into two stages. The first stage consists of 9 years of compulsory schooling with the same program all over Uzbekistan. The second stage covers education and vocational training after nine years. Most of the pupil study general secondary education while staying in school for 10 and 11 grades. Also, there is a choice of between 2 to 3 years of upper education at general and vocational schools. The former gives a certificate of completed secondary education and the opportunity to apply university,
April 23-24, 2024
375
the letter diploma of specialized secondary education, through a network of secondary vocational institution.
According to the National program for personal training higher education is based on the secondary specialized education (academic lyceum), vocational specialized education (professional college) and includes 2 level: a bachelor's degree level and master's degree level. Approximately 80 % of pupils will go to professional colleges upon completion of the mandatory 9 years in general secondary education. After that, they may continue their study 2 year in academic lyceums or colleges. Pupils after finishing there with certificate or diploma, they may enter to the university after passing specialized exam.
Bachelor's degree level is a basic higher education providing fundamental and applied knowledge in 4 years. After graduating bachelor with diploma, they may start professional own work. The master's degree level is higher education with
fundamental and applied knowledge in concentrate field in during 2 years. I should say that only students who have finished bachelor's degree, they may apply for the corresponding master's course.
Moreover, there is a presidential school in Uzbekistan. The presidential school is a specialized public educational institution whose activities are aimed at identifying and educating talented children through the use of advanced technologies in the educational process, also support and encourage gifted youth in order to develop generation. The presidential school's goal is that to prepare the future leaders and students of the nation who will win international Olympiads and competitions and apply the best universities in the world. They are training leaders who can compete on the world stage. 14 presidential school will be established in Uzbekistan. Now, there are presidential schools in Tashkent, Khiva, Nukus and Namangan.
Conclusion
As you can see, both United Kingdom and Uzbekistan have some difference and similarities on their education system. The education system of Wales, Northern Ireland and England have some same part, but Scotland has own education framework. It is not same with United Kingdom. For example, in United Kingdom, the pr-school begins at the age of 2-3. However, in Uzbekistan, the pr-school training begins 3-6 years old. Also, the UK's pupils study from Monday to Friday. When it comes to Uzbekistan, pupils study from Monday to Sunday. In UK, lessons start at 8:00 or 9:00am but in Uzbekistan, lessons usually begin 8:00am. What's more, after graduating UK's colleges you take diploma and degree, you may find reasonably well-paid employment in the professions. In Uzbekistan, after graduating a college, you only take diploma. It is difficult to find well-paid job. In order to work high salary you
April 23-24, 2024
376
^edagogj
■
should graduate university.
All in all, as you can see, there are big differences between United Kingdom and Uzbekistan education system. But there are some similar points, like both UK's and Uzbekistan's pupils should wear uniform at school. Nowadays, we may see, Uzbekistan is also making great progress in the education system.
1. Shermamatova, S. U. NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN UZBEK AND ENGLISH AND THE HISTORY OF THEIR ORIGIN.
2. Kosimov, A. (2022). THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MODERN TEACHING METHODS IN EFL CLASSROOM AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION.(IN THE EXAMPLE OF FOCUS ON FORM AND FOCUS ON FORMS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS). Involta Scientific Journal, 1(4), 157-164.
3. Kosimov, A., & Latipov, S. (2022). THE IMPORTANCE OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY AND PRACTICE IN STATE EDUCATION SYSTEMS. Involta Scientific Journal, 1(9), 23-27.
4. Gafforov, I., & Kosimov, A. (2022, September). LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT, LANGUAGE IDEOLOGY AND PREJUDICE IN UZBEKISTAN. In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE" THE TIME OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS" (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 82- 86).
5. Shermamatova, S., & Nazirova, Z. (2022, April). SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF LEXICOGRAPHY IN UZBEK LANGUAGE. In International Virtual Conference on Language and Literature Proceeding (Vol. 1, No. 2).
6. Shermamatova, S., & Yusupova, S. (2022, April). TRANSLATION THEORIES OF NEOLOGISMS. In International Virtual Conference on Language and Literature Proceeding (Vol. 1, No. 2).
7. Elmurodov, U. Y. (2023). INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND EFFECTIVE METHODS FOR LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: A REVIEW OF CURRENT APPROACHES. Academic Research in Educational Sciences, 4(3), 573-580.
8. Qurbonova, M. F. (2023). Individual ta'lim - innovatsion o'qitish usuli. Academic Research in Educational Sciences, 4(3), 394-399
REFERENCES
377
April 23-24, 2024
