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Authors information:
Yuri M. Postnov - Postgraduate Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, House 4, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia Lyubov I. Kostyunina - Doctor of Pedagogics, Professor Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov _ Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, House 4, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia E-mail: likost@mail.ru
Elena A. Kolbeneva - the Head of the Scientific-Research Center of Socially Dangerous Phenomena of Society Prevention Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, House 4, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia
For citations: Postnov Y.M., Kostyunina L.I., Kolbeneva E.A. Resocialization of convicts on the basis of interaction between correctional institution and a pedagogical higher educational establishment, The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Pedagogico-Pshycological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 70-77. DOI 10/14526/04 2017 267.
DOI 10/14526/04_2017_268
ECOLOGICAL-HEALTH-IMPROVING WORK DURING PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AMONG THE FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Larisa P. Dormidontova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Marina G. Zabbarova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Anna A. Nesterova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov, 432700 Ulyanovsk, Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, 4
E-mail: d1963lp63@mail.ru E-mail: mari-na-z@yandex.ru E-mail: a saushkina@mail.ru
Annotation.One of the main aims of modern education is the oncoming generation's health preservation, which is realized by a teacher through pedagogical actions and contact setting with students. That is why professional training of the future primary school teachers for ecological-health-improving work is very important. Material. The article is about the importance and effectiveness of the systematic work use with the bachelors during the process of their professional training by means of different elective courses, special elective disciplines introduction and the curriculum disciplines ecologization, directed at professional competencies formation in the sphere of pedagogics and primary education methodologies. Research methods: comparative analysis of scientific-methodical literature; lectures-discussions, excursions, progressive pedagogical experience summarizing, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical observation, mathematical handling of the research results. Results. During the research the following conditions for professional training of students were revealed: special elective courses, special elective disciplines introduction and also curriculum disciplines ecologization, directed at professional competencies formation in the sphere of pedagogics and primary education methodology; awareness-raising work in terms of extracurricular activity; scientific-research activity among students in terms of ecological-health-improving topics. As a result the future primary school teachers received theoretical basis of health-
protecting technologies of primary school children's development and now can use the received knowledge in their practical activity for a rational process of teaching organization and interaction realization between a school and a family, concerning the questions of health-protecting. Conclusion. The created conditions use in professional training of pedagogical University students for the objectives of ecological-health-improving work solution with primary school children by means of elective courses, special elective disciplines of ecological orientation, scientific-research activity of bachelors, awareness-raising work in terms of extracurricular activity is effective and expedient.
Keywords: ecological-health-improving work, healthy life style, health protection, professional training.
Introduction. Taking care of the oncoming generation's health is a very urgent pedagogical aim, which is considered the main direction at all levels of education and its realization should be started from the future primary school teachers training at a higher educational establishment. Ecological-health-improving work during the process of professional training among the future primary school teachers is connected with the oncoming generation's health preservation and improvement. Children's health preservation is a very urgent problem as their health state causes anxiety. Held during recent years medical check-ups show, that chronic pathology of children is at a great level [2, p.114]. Such kind of a tendency of the number of children with health problems increase is the result of a social ill-being in families, the increasing dynamics of modern life, lack of control over information flow. This situation makes the process of teaching and upbringing difficult, decreases quality of knowledge, slows down psychic and physical development of children, causes deviations in their social behavior, which is a serious pedagogical problem. Social importance of a healthy life style problem actualizes the following aspect: general culturelevel, social activity, realized individual approach to physical-health-improving activity [7, p.138]. Psychological health helps a personality to become self-sufficient, when a personality is directed not only by the set norms in behavior and relations, but also by inner realized self-guiding lines [4, p.93]. Education humanization provides attention paid to inner state of a person, which from methodological point of view speaks
about psychologization of education as the form of health protection.If education is based on humanistic basis, we have a personality's intellectual, psychological, physical and spiritual-moral qualities harmonious development [5, p. 185].Modern lessons with ecological orientation, according to L.P. Saleeva, should be based on the following objectives: an integrated view of natural and social environment formation, as the sphere of life, labour and rest; the abilities development to percept environment by means of sense organs and directed interest and a skill of causal explanation during factors and phenomena of environment analysis; teaching primary school children the methods of environment cognition; aesthetic and moral attitude to environment upbringing, the ability upbringing to behave according to common to all mankind norms of morality[8, p.15].
The aim of this research work is substantiation of the created system of ecological-health-improving work with bachelors during the process of their professional training by means of different elective courses, special elective disciplines introduction and curriculum disciplines ecologization, directed at professional competencies in the sphere of pedagogics and primary education methodologies formation.
Objectives: 1. To reveal the conditions of professional training among pedagogical University students for the problem solution of ecological culture, healthy and safe life style formation among primary school children.
2. To check the expediency of elective courses, special disciplines(which reveal the aspects of ecological-health-improving work
with junior schoolchildren) introduction into the curriculum of training the future primary school teachers; bachelor's scientific-research activity, different forms of students' awareness-raising work in terms of extracurricular activity use.
Materials. Ecological-health-
improving work organization at primary school is very often causes difficulty among teachers. Comparative analysis of primary school teachers' answers, given in the research work by M.A. Karasev and I.V. Pavlov, showed, that nearly 50,0% of teachers have difficulties in the upbringing work organization connected with healthy life style formation among junior schoolchildren. Most of them don't have sufficient scientific, medical, psychological, pedagogical knowledge in healthy life style formation, the regimen of correct nutrition organization, organism quenching and the ability to use it in practice [3, p.44]. It leads to the idea that an important objective of ecological-health-improving work during the process of the future primary school teachers training is not only students' general cultural competencies development, but also their readiness formation to solve the objectives of the ecological culture Program, healthy and safe life style among junior schoolchildren formation: notions formation of ecological culture basis by the example of ecologically congruous behavior in life and nature, safe for a person and environment; awakening the desire to take care of own health in children (interest formation in own health) by means of following the rules of healthy life style and health protecting character of educational activity and communication organization; cognitive interest and attitude of care towards nature formation; mindsets formation to healthy food use; optimal for children motional regimens use, taking into account their age-related, psychological and other peculiarities, the need development for physical culture and sport; following health-creating day regimens; negative attitude formation to health risk factors of children (low activity, smoking, alcohol, drugs and otherpsychoactive
substances, infectious diseases); the skills of resistance formation to involvement into smoking, alcohol, drugs and other psychoactive substances taking; a child's need formation for free applying to the doctor concerning any questions, connected with the peculiarities of growth and development, health state, readiness development to support independently own health on the basis of personal hygiene skills use; the basis of health protecting educational culture formation: abilities to organize a successful educational work, creating health protecting conditions, choosing adequate means and techniques of tasks fulfillment, taking into account individual peculiarities; the skills of safe behavior formation with environment and the simplest skills of behavior in extreme (emergency) situations. "Pedagogical higher educational establishment students should master the principles of nature protection, rational resources use. Not formed main theses of professional-pedagogical ecological training of a future teacher, not realized volume of ecological crisis and itsconsequences conditioned social importance of ecological upbringing of pedagogical University students, directed at ecological culture formation, axiological orientations of which activate and develop cognitive sphere" [1, p94].
During the process of preparing students for these problems solution it is possible to introduce different elective courses, elective disciplines into curriculum, the content of which will reveal different aspects of ecological-health-improving work with junior schoolchildren ("Technologies of ecological-health-improving work at primary school", "Ecological culture and a healthy life style of a junior schoolchild", "The process of ecological-health-improving work at primary school projection", "Ecological education of junior schoolchildren", "Modern education ecologization", "Ecological pedagogics and psychology").
An additional direction of the future primary school teachers training for ecological-health-improving work with junior
schoolchildren is awareness-raising work in terms of extracurricular activity: public lectures, meetings with teachers-practicians, "sanbulletin", museums, supplementary education establishments attending, days of health, ecological pathways, competition, photo shows, brain-rings, holidays and other active events organization, directed at ecological awareness-raising work, healthy life style popularization.
Cognitive activity activation provides students' scientific-research
activity:courseworks and thesis works, articles, taking part in scientific-practical conferences. The topics of research works in this sphere are different. An approximate list of research works for students, who master bachelor program is the following: "Ecological culture of junior primary schoolchildren development in extracurricular activity", "Healthy life style formation among junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activity", "Technologies of ecological-health-improving work at primary school" and others; for graduate students - "Scenario creating of ecological-health-improving work of junior schoolchildren", "Projecting the program of ecological culture, healthy and safe life style formation among junior schoolchildren", "Ecological-health-improving competence formation of a primary education teacher", "Innovative technologies of ecological-health-improving environment of primary school creation".
Apart from specialized courses introduction it is possible to provide curriculum disciplines ecologization, directed at professional competencies formation in the sphere of pedagogics and primary education methodologies. During professional training of the future teachers for ecological-health-improving work at primary school great importance has the discipline "Methodology of technologies teaching at primary school". The role of ecological education in terms of "Technology" subject is conditioned by the necessity to solve the set objectives: general notions formation of interconnection between a man and nature (not only as the source of raw
materials, energy, but also the source of inspiration, ideas for technological ideas and projects realization); ecologically rational attitude to natural resources upbringing.
Technological education ecologization, according to N.I. Nagibin, reveals social conditionality of interaction between nature and society. Ecologically moral will be only the kinds of human activity, which provide ecologically favorable environment preservation, the problem of nature management optimization, which are inseparable from ecology, its rules and laws. They should form a fundamental base of natural resources rational use, environment preservation, the base for harmonious interaction of "Man-Society-Nature" system [6].
During the mentioned discipline realization while studying the topic "Modern technology lesson" students get acquainted with the claims on a lesson, which include hygienic claims (temperature regimen and illumination), necessary for health-protecting conditions creation during the lessons organization and extracurricular activities at school. Getting acquainted with the topic "The role of technology in the upbringing of schoolchildren" provides more detailed mastering the role of the subjective sphere "Technology" in a personality's ecological qualities formation, because one of the directions of the upbringing work, considered by students during the lesson, is ecological direction.
The mentioned qualities of a personality formation happens during the initial experience gaining of emotional-sensual direct interaction with nature, ecologically intelligent behavior in nature (during excursions, natural materials gathering for the work at technology lessons), independent creation of homemade articles from natural materials and recyclable materials. Students come to the conclusion, that axiological attitude to nature, careful attitude to plants and animals, nature-protecting activity experience, the role of a
person in nature understanding is formed among junior schoolchildren.
Great attention is paid to getting students acquainted with the methodology of activity organization connected with a safe use of different instruments at technology lessons, at lectures on the topic "Methodology of technology lessons organization" in the following units: "Work with paper and carton", "Work with natural material" , "Work with fabric and fibrous materials", and also at lessons-tutorials according to these topics and during technology lesson projection, which provides one of the objectives of the ecological culture Program, health and safe life style formation among junior schoolchildren realization - the basis of health-protecting educational culture formation.
In the discipline "Polyethnic culture formation among junior schoolchildren" in the unit "Ethnopedagogics- history and theory of national upbringing" one of the considered topics is the following: "Pedagogical phenomena of national life. Factors of national upbringing". Students get acquainted with pedagogical phenomena of national life in its all spheres (at youth holidays, in labor activity); with pedagogical knowledge of a nation- in close connection with life philosophy and morality, with agronomic, meteorological, astronomical and other knowledge; with the factors of national upbringing (nature, game, word, labor, traditions, art).
During the lesson preparing students select proverbs, sayings, riddles of thePovolzh'e folk about the national upbringing factors. Didactic material is created during a lesson (tasks for junior schoolchildren) for the projected extracurricular event.
At a practical lesson "Life features of Povolzh'efolks" students get acquainted with the holidays, sources of their origin, one of which is seasonal labor activity. It is connected with a yearly holiday circle, which depends on the Sun movement: since the moment, when days become shorter and the nights become longer (December, 22), till its full reign on the top of a midday sky (June, 22-the longest day and the shortest night);
colonies, the places of constant or temporaryconcentration of people, which depends on geographic and natural conditions (rivers, lakes, woods and others); habitation, one of the main material conditions of a person's existence, his ecology; traditional clothes (used materials-natural,embroidery );decorative and applied arts, symbols in national art (water, the Sun, earth); traditional cuisine, natural-climate conditions, economic activity, ethnical history influence on the culture of nutrition, national cuisine formation.
Results and their discussion.The process of ecological-health-improving work on professional training of the future primary education teachers had several stages. At the first stage the stating diagnostics of students' readiness to fulfill health-improving work at school is realized. At the second stage health-improving part of the subjects and students' pedagogical practices at general education establishments and summer camps was fulfilled, also scientific-research activity in health protection was realized. During the second stage students fulfilled the works on "Health passport of a schoolchild" creation, analyzed school menu (dinners) of junior schoolchildren, made reports with computer presentation on the following topics: "Functional demonstration of health in case of different forms of activity of junior schoolchildren", "Working place organization of a pupil, working pose estimation", "Furniture arrangement and seating pupils in the class", "Light regimen of school rooms", "Ways of relaxation of children and teenagers", "Autotraining of junior schoolchildren", "Ways of rehabilitation of schoolchildren-invalids". In terms of round-table discussion the following questions are discussed: functional demonstration of a schoolchild's health; health statistics of junior schoolchildren; forms of school pathology and its prevention; risk and rational nutrition factors of schoolchildren; the principles of dietetic nutrition and gastrointestinal issues prevention among junior schoolchildren. Received at ecological orientation disciplines information is used by students during extracurricular activities, holidays and contests projection at primary school: "Traditions of
nutrition", "Traditional holidays" (spring, summer, autumn or winter cycle), "The language of national art", "Proverbs (riddles) about natural phenomena".
Students held a range of research works in terms of courseworks on the following topics: "Disorders of higher nervous activity prevention among junior schoolchildren", "Health state estimation of junior schoolchild", "Physical development harmony and schoolchildren's bearing",
"Psychophysiological aspects and stages of a child's adaptation to school", "The notion of a healthy life style and its factors", "Interconnection between a healthy life style and schoolchildren's health", "The main claims on a healthy life style of schoolchildren organization", "Unhealthy life style and risk factors", "Hypernutrition and anorexia as risk factors for health of children", "Motional activity as the factor of a healthy life style of schoolchildren", "Tiredness, active and passive rest of schoolchildren", "Active methods of relaxation use for the level of anxiety decrease among junior schoolchildren".
Conclusion. Diagnostics, held after the experiment, proves the effectiveness of created system of ecological-health-improving work with bachelors. Created educational disciplines, theoretical and practical materials of the research can be used in professional training of the future primary education teachers in order to solve the objectives of ecological culture, healthy and safe life style formation among junior schoolchildren. The results of the experiment show the effectiveness of the offered approach to educational process organization, connected with ecological-health-improving work during training pedagogical University students.
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Submitted: 30.10.2017 Received: 03.11.2017
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Authors information:
Larisa P. Dormidontova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov, 432700 Ulyanovsk, Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, 4, E-mail: d1963lp63@mail.ru
Marina G. Zabbarova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov, 432700 Ulyanovsk, Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, 4, Email: mari-na-z@yandex.ru
Anna A. Nesterova - Candidate of Pedagogics, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University Named after I.N. Ulyanov, 432700 Ulyanovsk, Square of the 100 Anniversary of V.I. Lenin's Birth, 4, E-mail: a saushkina@mail.ru
For citations: Dormidontova L.P., Zabbarova M.G., Nesterova A.A. Ecological-health-improving work during professional training among the future primary school teachers, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (Pedagogico-Pshycological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 77-83. DOI 10/14526/04_2017_268.
DOI 10/14526/04_2017_269
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ECOLOGICAL EDUCATON IMPROVEMENT AMONG STUDENTS OF A PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Nataliya A. Yuganova - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor Dmitriy A. Korshunov - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor Mariya A. Ikonnikova - Graduate Student Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, 4, area of 100 th anniversary of V.I. Lenin's birth, Ulyanovsk, 432700, Russia
E-mail: yuganov vs@mail.ru
Annotation. In spite of a lot of information about a continuous world ecological crisis in Russia no effective measures are taken nowadays in order to solve this difficult problem. Most specialists in philosophy, ecology, pedagogics, psychology, sociology see the way out of this situation in cardinal change of ecological education content, which has formal character at most higher educational establishments. Material. Ecological education improvement among the future teachers is possible
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