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ECOLOGICAL AND PARASITOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF DRINKING WATER QUALITY OF CENTRALIZED WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES Umurzakova D.1, Tolipova G.2, Urazaliyeva I.3 (Republic of Uzbekistan) ЭКОЛОГО-ПАРАЗИТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ПИТЬЕВОЙ ВОДЫ СООРУЖЕНИЙ НЕЦЕНТРАЛИЗОВАННОГО ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ Умурзакова Д. А.1, Толипова Г. К.2, Уразалиева И. Р.3 (Республика Узбекистан)
'Умурзакова Дилоором Абдумуминовна / Umurzakova Dilorom — магистр;
2Толипова Гулхаё Комилжон кизи / Tolipova Gulhayo — магистр;
3Уразалиева Ильмира Равкатовна / Urazalieva Ilmira — ассистент, Школа общественного здравоохранения Ташкентская медицинская академия, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Abstract: if the drinking water quality of centralized water supply for parasitological indicators regulated Sanitary Rules and norms of RU 2.'.4.'074-0' "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements to water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems". '/3 of the population uses for drinking and domestic uses water from decentralized water supply facilities. Monitoring the quality of water from noncentralized water supply allows to determine the risk of infection in the population of intestinal parasitosis when using it for drinking purposes and to eliminate ways of getting infective material in the intake structure of this type of water. Аннотация: качество питьевой воды централизованного водоснабжения по паразитологическим показателям регламентируется СанПиНом RU 2.1.4.1074-01 «Питьевая вода. Гигиенические требования к качеству воды централизованных систем питьевого водоснабжения». 1/3 населения использует для питьевых и хозяйственных целей воду из сооружений нецентрализованного водоснабжения. Осуществление мониторинга за качеством воды из нецентрализованного водоснабжения позволяет своевременно определять риск заражения населения кишечными паразитозами при использовании ее для хозяйственно-питьевых целей и устранять пути попадания инвазионного материала в водозаборные сооружения этого вида водоснабжения.
Keywords: drinking water, decentralized water supply, parasitological indicators.
Ключевые слова: питьевая вода, нецентрализованного водоснабжение, паразитологические показатели.
On the relevance of the topic indicated by the fact that on 4 August 2005, entered into force the Protocol on water and health adopted by the world health organization and the European economic Commission of the UN. This document is the world's first legally binding international agreement aimed at fighting against the diseases transmitted by water [1, p. 11 -20].
Drinking water is the leading factor for certain health indicators. One of the main requirements to its quality is the epidemic safety, including and parasitological indicators. In the country annually more than one million new cases of parasitic diseases [3, p. 15-17]. An important factor in the transmission of pathogens to the intestinal protozooses is water of centralized and noncentralized water supply. It should. be noted that our country pays great attention to the quality of drinking water of centralized water supply. In the state sanitary laws regulating the epidemic as included protozoological figure, in connection with the identification in water of this kind of water cysts and oocysts of intestinal pathogenic protozoa [2, p. 215-216].
If the drinking water quality of centralized water supply for parasitological indicators regulated Sanitary Rules and norms of RU 2.1.4.1074-01 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements to water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems". 1/3 of the population uses for drinking and domestic uses water from decentralized water supply facilities. Outbreaks of giardiasis associated with non-centralized water supply, marked to a greater extent in rural areas.
The purpose and objectives of the study. The aim of this work was the ecological and parasitological study of water quality of centralized water supply facilities and on the basis of the obtained results development of a system of ecological-parasitological monitoring.
Materials and methods: Ecological-parasitological assessment of drinking water quality of decentralized water supply facilities. Determination of risk of infection among the population byintestinal parasitosis pathogens of in violation of the conditions and terms of their design and operation.
The results of the study: First carried out ecological and parasitological assessment of drinking water quality of centralized water supply and installed: content lamblia cysts (20,4±0,8%), eggs of ascarids (14,5±0,5%), pinworms (19,6±0,1%). Established the basic pathways of invasive material: storm water (47Д±0,5%), flood water (18,4±0,3%), using individual buckets for water intake (34,4±0,1%). Defined in terms of survival of Giardia cysts in water wells and springs (30-55 days). Noteworthy is the difference in terms of survival of Giardia cysts depending on the season of their falling into the water. The time of survival of cysts of Giardia in the winter and spring periods
averaged 35 and 40 days., and in autumn and summer seasons recorded an increase to 45 and 55 days respectively. To establish the source of causative agents of intestinal parasitosis in water facilities centralized water supply revealed a high contamination with infective material individual buckets and the soil around buildings, it was 43.2±0,6% and 35.9±0.9%, and also storm water - 51,7±0,9%, flood flow of 28.2±0.5% and water surface water of 64.8±0,7%. The conducted research allowed to establish correlation between the contamination of water from noncentralized water supply facilities from the sanitary-technical condition and their location. So it was revealed that were subject to increased contamination of water located in the valley, the gardens of individual houses, the shores of open water bodies. It should be noted that in rural areas for drinking purposes, along with water wells, the population widely uses and water springs. Contact infective material in the water facilities centralized water supply occurs while flooding them during spring and autumn floods, the infiltration of stormwater and pollution from nearby cesspools, use for collecting water in dirty buckets from individual households and 34.4±0,1%).
Monitoring the quality of water from noncentralized water supply allows to determine the risk of infection in the population of intestinal parasitosis when using it for drinking purposes and to eliminate ways of getting infective material in the intake structure of this type of water.
References
1. Avchinnikov A. B. Hygienic estimation of modern methods of disinfection of drinking water // Hygiene and sanitation, 2001. № 2. P. 11-20.
2. Avchinnikov A. B., Sobol R G., Rahmanin Y. A. Water: Ecology and Technology: 4th International Congress. M., 2000. Vol. 1. P. 215-216.
3. Belova E. G., Bunakov A. B., Samofalova H. A., Novosiltsev G. I. Methodical maintenance of sanitary and parasitological quality control of natural and drinking water // Medical Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2003. № 4. P. 15-17.
QUESTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND ENSURING HYGIENIC SAFETY OF WORK OF DISABLED PEOPLE WITH PATHOLOGY OF AN ORGAN OF HEARING Vohidova B. (Republic of Uzbekistan) ВОПРОСЫ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ УСЛОВИЙ ТРУДА И ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТРУДА ИНВАЛИДОВ С ПАТОЛОГИЕЙ ОРГАНА СЛУХА Вохидова Б. Ф. (Республика Узбекистан)
Вохидова Барно Фатхуллаевна / Vohidova Barno — член студенческого научного общества «Молодой гигиенист»,
студент,
кафедра коммунальной гигиены и гигиены труда, медико-профилактический факультет, Ташкентская медицинская академия, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Abstract: in article it is specified that realization of the technological, sanitary and hygienic and medical-preventive actions referred on improvement of working conditions will keep health and will increase efficiency of disabled people. Standard basis of carrying out certification of jobs under the terms of work disabled people are: "The labor code of the Republic of Uzbekistan", Resolutions of the Cabinet's ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan "About the state program of the Republic of Uzbekistan on aftertreatment of disabled people", "The law on social security of disabled people of the Republic of Uzbekistan ".
Аннотация: в статье указано, что реализация технологических, санитарно-гигиенических и медико-профилактических мероприятий, направленных на улучшение условий труда, сохранит здоровье и повысит работоспособность инвалидов. Нормативной основой проведения аттестации рабочих мест по условиям труда инвалидов являются: «Трудовой кодекс Республики Узбекистан», Постановления Кабинета Министров РУз «О государственной программе Республики Узбекистан по реабилитации инвалидов», «Закон о социальной защищенности инвалидов Республики Узбекистан» и др.
Keywords: occupational health, disabled people with pathology of an organ of hearing, production environment, a working condition, harmful production factors, certification of jobs, professional aftertreatment. Ключевые слова: гигиена труда, инвалиды с патологией органа слуха, производственная среда, условия труда, вредные производственные факторы, аттестация рабочих мест, профессиональная реабилитация.
The system of measures of social protection installed by the law frames prerequisites for social adaptation of disabled people and their integration in society. In the law it is defined that the disabled person is the person
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