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23YflK 378.147
Ziangirova L.F. Distance courses on the subject «Management of information projects» based on technology MOODLE
Ziangirova Lineza Faatovna Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Ufa
Abstract: The article is devoted to development of a remote course on discipline "Management of information projects" in the direction of preparation "Applied informatics" on the basis of distance learning MOODLE (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) system. There are considered the methodology of information systems introduction, decisions introduction organization unified model in the methodologies of Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF), the project integration and contents management, terms management, cost and risks of the project, the project quality and human resources management in a remote course. There are given information systems introduction methodologies, projects management standards contents, projects management concepts, the MSF processes model, stages and control points of the introduction project, team model, role clusters of the project team, scaling of design team, the organization of the project execution. There are studied the project integration characteristics, the project management integration processes elements, the project plan management development, the project contents management processes, creation of works hierarchical structure, contents changes control, the management plan of the project contents.
Keywords: design; project management; system MOODLE; information system; methodology
The purpose of work is development of a remote course on discipline «Management of information projects» in the direction of preparation «Applied informatics» on the basis of system of distance learning MOODLE (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment).
The Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullah's distance learning has organized with using of MOODLE distance learning system. The course «Management of Information Projects» in the direction of preparation «Applied informatics» is developed for undergraduates on the basis of the MOODLE technology.
According to the Federal State Educational Standard of High Professional Education for the «Applied Informatics» direction the graduate has to possess the following professional competences: ability to carry out the analysis of economic
efficiency of IS, to estimate design expenses and risks; ability to analyze and optimize applied and information processes; ability to use the advanced methods of an assessment of quality, reliability and information security of IS in use of applied IS; ability to use the international information resources and standards in informatization of the enterprises and organizations; ability to use information services for automation of applied and information processes; ability to integrate components of the IS services [1].
The MOODLE technology is developed for the organization of remote courses on full-time and extramural studies.
Using MOODLE teacher develops courses filling them with contents in the form of texts, files, presentations, tables, schemes, graphics, video, tests, etc.
A teacher by means of help system creates a remote course and operates of its work. It is enough to have the web browser for work with MOODLE. According to the results of tasks performance the teacher exhibits evaluation and gives comments. Thus, MOODLE provides interactive interaction between participants of educational process.
The course structure is based on the subject or the calendar. At thematic structurization the course shares into sections by topic. At calendar structurization every week of studying of a course is represented the separate section.
The author edits the maintenance of a course in any order, adds to it various elements (lecture, a task, a forum, etc.). There is a page of viewing of the last changes for each remote course.
There are tools for creation of tests and carrying out the training and controlling testing in MOODLE. It has possible to create different types of questions in the test tasks (multiple choice, matching, and so on). MOODLE provides functions that facilitate the processing of tests: assessment scale task, semi-automatic recalculation of results, etc [3; 4].
Thus, the MOODLE system of distance learning (SDL) is the software product allowing to develop remote courses.
The basic functionality of MOODLE SDL is divided into the following groups: site management, users and courses.
In this system users interact among themselves with the help of chats, forums,
blogs.
According to the program of discipline «Management of information projects» the trainee has to complete the discipline course consisting of 14 hours of lectures, 24 hours of a practical training and 34 hours of independent works. For each topic tests and questions for the exam are used as a control, the assimilation rate.
The educational and methodical complex on discipline «Management of information projects» is used for loading in SDL. Lectures and practical training are available consistently, independent works and tests to each lecture are carried out after lecture is studied. Process of training is accompanied by the teacher, answering
questions of undergraduates at a special forum.
In a remote course material on the following subjects is presented: «Methodology of information systems introduction», «The organization of decisions introduction in methodology of Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) unified model», «Integration and the project contents management», «Terms, cost and the project risks management», «Quality and the project human resources management».
In the section «Methodologies of Introduction of Information Systems» methodologies of information systems introduction, standards of projects management contents, projects management concepts are considered.
The information introduction projects organization systems is described in the international, state, and corporate standards. They are also called introduction methodologies.
Methodologies of introduction are developed by producers of information systems taking into account features of their software products. They represent the approved working instructions and templates of design documents.
The most known examples of methodologies: On Target, Microsoft Solutions Framework, Oracle Method.
Methodology of information systems implementation include the following components: a description of the composition and structure of the complex project work, project management rules, the organizational structure of the team.
The project is called set of the actions or works directed to achievement of a goal distributed in time. Examples of projects are development of release of a new type of production, carrying out modernization of production, development of the software product, etc. [5].
The project is a form of rational individual or cooperative cognitive activity of students which assumes planning and implementation of problem nature practical activities [7].
It is also possible to consider a method of projects. The method of projects provides integration of knowledge from various educational areas and opens a social and psychological context of their receiving in the course of human activity [10].
The structure of the project stages and distribution of works on stages depend on specific methodology. There is a standard structure of stages which are given in many methodologies: definition of the project; inspection of automation object; analysis of inspection results, development of system design; creation, start in operation, support of system.
The organization of design activity is carried out on the basis of project management standards. The standard defines the basic concepts of the subject area and the existing project management persons, knowledge and executable processes.
The main operating entities of the project are: the manager, the sponsor (curator),
the customer (consumer), head.
The content areas of knowledge in different standards is the same. We will be guided by the recommendations of the standard PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) American Institute ANSI (American Standards Institute).
In line with PMBOK project management is based on the following areas of expertise: integration management, content, time, cost, human resources, communication, quality, risk, procurement.
Project management is based on the following concepts: the formation of centers of responsibility for the execution of the project; integral and predictive planning and control; formation and management of the project team.
Formation of the centers of responsibility for the execution of the project provides for the organization of certain posts involving responsibility for the execution of projects.
Planning and control cover all units involved in the project throughout the project life cycle, and takes into account the project schedule, cost, risks.
The last concept provides the organization of efficient team and management of this team. In this case, it provides the following range of works on human resources management: planning and recruitment, team building, the development of the project team, the project management team.
The team is formed for implementation of the project. This is a temporary working team, consisting of specialists from different structural units of organizations from the artist and the customer. The project team members are defined project roles, functions, duties, responsibilities, powers and rules of engagement, as well as the organizational chart.
The organizational structure of the project is a temporary one, including all its participants and created to manage and achieve the project objectives. After the organizational structure selecting of the project the head defines the organizational scheme showing the relationship of the project team.
In «The unified implementation organization model of decisions in the Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) methodology» MSF process model, stages and milestones of the project implementation, the model of the project team, the project team role clusters, scaling the project team, the organization of the execution of the project are considered.
The MSF methodology allows us to develop the following aspects of the organization of the project implementation: stages definition and checkpoints, the team composition, tasks distribution, and others.
MSF methodology reflects an integrated one for the development and implementation of IT solutions.
IT decision MSF is the provision of software and hardware tools, documentation,
training, documentation and support needed to meet customer needs.
The iterative integrated approach to the creation and implementation of solutions is lying at the core of MSF methodology.
The iterative approach provides stage-by-stage creation of code, documentation, design, project plan.
Realization of the project is beginning with the construction, testing and implementation of the system basic functionality.
Stages of the project define the tasks and checkpoints describe achievement of
results.
There are three directions for scaling of design team: creation of the directions groups, functional groups and association of roles.
Groups of the directions are the small teams which are responsible for certain components of the decision.
Functional groups are the groups existing in role clusters. They are created in big projects at group of workers in role clusters on their competences and redistribution of their activity. The redistribution necessity occurs when a conflict between the ways the organization of joint activities and their product is not an appropriate task requirements. Redistribution forced to seek new ways to work together [6].
Group members can unite roles often in small design groups.
There are studied characteristics of integration of the project, elements of integration management processes of the project; development of the management plan, processes of management of contents of the project, creation of hierarchical structure of works, control of contents changes, management of the contents, the management plan of contents of the project in the section «Management of integration and contents of the project».
The project management is carried out by means of the processes united in processes groups of the project management: initiations, planning, execution, monitoring and management and group of the finishing processes.
The project management processes are distributed on the following fields of knowledge: integration management, maintenance management, time management, management of cost, human resource management, management of communications, quality management, risk management, management of supply.
Integration management includes initiation, planning, execution, management, control and end.
Design activity begins with initiation processes. At initiation of design activity the purposes, tasks, resources, results, project terms are defined, the team of management of the project is formed, workplaces are prepared, documents of the project are developed.
The project management team plans the project, makes the schedule of the one.
Project activities of students have interactive character, assuming cooperation of project participants with surrounding society at all design stages [8; 9].
Project works are performed after completion of drawing up the schedule of the one. Planning process at the same time doesn't come to an end, usually it continues before end of the project.
The group processes «execution» are carried out in accordance with the methodology of information system's implementation.
There is a continuous control over the design activity including processes of planning, execution and completion of works at initiation of the project. The result of the monitoring process are solutions, changing the course of project work, project closing procedures.
Integration of the project is provided by the charter of the project, the preliminary description of project contents and the project management plan.
When developing the project plan, project charter includes a description of the project content at the top level which is subject to clarify and detail.
The preliminary project scope includes a description of the work and results of the development and implementation of information systems.
The project management plan contains a description of the work on the development and implementation of information system.
The project charter is developed by the project manager with involvement of team members from the performer. The project charter is coordinated with team of project management from the customer and approved as sponsors of the project.
It is necessary to be guided by the contract and results of pre-project survey for development of the charter of the project of introduction of IS.
Project Charter formalizes the appointment of a project manager, a role defines the project management team, contains the names of the sponsor and the project manager, and determines their powers.
Process of the project contents management includes execution of all works necessary for his successful performance (contents planning, determination of content, creation of hierarchical works structure, contents confirmation, control of contents changes).
Process of creation of the hierarchical structure works (HWS) carries out splitting the integrated structure of works into smaller and operated elements.
Content management process performs control project scope changes. Project contents management is the impact on the factors that create project contents changes.
In the section «Terms management, cost and risks of the project» development of the schedule, a cost assessment, types of estimates, development of expenses budgets, management of cost, risk management planning, identification of risks, high-quality risk analysis, quantitative risk analysis, planning of response to risks are considered.
The project terms management consists of definition of operations structure (definition of concrete planned operations), definition of operations interrelations (identification and documenting of planned operations performance's sequence), definition of operation resources (definition of resources, necessary for performance of each planned operation, and their quantity), determination of operations duration (determination of each planned operation performance duration).
Operations structure definition assumes definition and documenting of the works planned for performance. Tool means for structure definition of operations, an assessment of their interrelation and duration is the hierarchical structure of works.
The project cost management unites the processes which are carried out when planning, developing the budget, monitoring expenses and end of the project. By the processes of project cost Management includes valuation, budgeting expenses and cost management.
Development expenditure budget is the process of assigning the cost estimates of the project operations, the result of which is to create a master plan for the project cost.
Risk management includes the following processes: risk management planning, risk identification, qualitative risk analysis, quantitative risk analysis, risk response planning, monitoring and risk management.
Risks management plan is a document developed at the beginning of the project and contains the description of the risk management structure of the project and the procedure for its implementation.
Under the risk identification process is meant to identify risks that could affect the project and documenting their characteristics. Risk identification is carried out by members of team of the project and experts in risk management.
The problem of risk management consists in the size of the risks list received at an identification stage. For each identified risk assessed probability and impact on the basis of expert assessments.
For risk management of the project the matrix of probability and consequences is formed. It understands the tool allowing a risk rank for each purpose as a matrix of probability and consequences. Risk rank helps to manage the response to the risks.
The planning of risk response is realized with aid of response strategy to risks. The response strategy to risks is mean the methods using for consequences decrease or identified risks probability. For each risk it is chosen own strategy assuring the effective work with them. The choice of strategy is accomplished on bases of quantity and quality estimations' result that gives to determine how much time, what resources and efforts need for decrease or limit risk.
In the section «Quality management and human resources of the project» quality management processes, ensuring quality of the project, quality control, the project team planning, cast and responsibility, the management plan which providing the project with
personnel are considered.
Quality management is a system of the methods, means and kinds of activity directed to implementation of requirements of participants to quality of the project and its production. Quality management has standards to which ISO 9000, ISO 10006 belong.
Quality management of the project is exercised throughout all its life cycle.
The policy and strategy for ensuring quality of the developed product satisfying to inquiries of the consumer are defined on stages of the concept.
Standards of work on the project are defined on stages of quality planning.
The stage of the organization of quality control assumes creation of organizational, technical, financial conditions for implementation of requirements to quality and production of the project.
The results compliance of project to quality standards is defined on stages of quality control.
The stage of regulation and the analysis assumes check the course of the project implementation for establishment of compliance to the requirements defined earlier.
At a completion stage the project results quality assessment, the finishing acceptance, drawing up the list of claims on quality, resolution of conflicts and disputes, registration of documentation are carried out.
The project quality ensuring processes are quality planning, providing and
control.
Quality planning begins with definition of the quality purposes, the politician and standards of the project.
Quality planning purpose: to make processes of projects predictable management. Quality planning needs to be begun at early stages of the project one. As it is important to define right at the beginning requirements to quality of works and to consider them when developing the plan. At a stage of planning the system of measures for ensuring the project quality is formed and documented [2].
Further actions and duties of members of the project team are defined. The quality planning result is presented in the form of plans of ensuring quality and management processes.
The quality management plan is a description of the project management team at implementation of the executing organization in the quality field policy. Actions for ensuring quality are developed at the project beginning. They are carried out on the basis of independent expert estimates. Ensuring quality is a process of planned operations on quality performance. Ensuring quality function is carried out by the project team, the executing organization management, the customer, and other participants of the project. The audit inspections are carried out for quality control of the project.
The quality audit purpose is identification of the inefficient processes and
procedures used in the project. The quality audits are booked on the basis of documentation standard requirements criteria of quality management system (the requirement of ISO 9000) and a control system of projects (PMBOK).
In order to achieve the project objectives it is necessary: to identify the composition of the project; define the roles of the project participants and how they interact; form a project team and the project management team; build the necessary and adequate organizational structure for the project management.
The remote course «Management of information projects» for undergraduates in the direction of preparation «Applied informatics» developed on the basis of the MOODLE technology is introduced in educational process of Institute of professional education and information technologies of the Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullah.
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