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24Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 6. №9. 2020
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58
UDC 811.111 https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58/43
DISCURSIVE PERSONALITY OF PERSONAGE
©Abdullaeva Ch., ORCID: 0000-0002-5124-6292, Alisher Navoi Tashkent State University of the Uzbek Language and Literature, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, [email protected]
ДИСКУРСИВНАЯ ЛИЧНОСТЬ ПЕРСОНАЖА
©Абдуллаева Ч. Б., ORCID: 0000-0002-5124-6292, Ташкентский государственный университет узбекского языка и литературы им. Алишера Навои, г. Ташкент, Узбекистан, [email protected]
Abstract. The discursive personality of the character is manifested in a set of fragments and text units that characterize the character's speech style, expressed by a number of individual semantic and stylistic, communicative and pragmatic, cognitive, gender, socio-cultural and psychological characteristics. The discursive personality of a character is a complex structure and includes characteristics inherent in the character and the author. Speech units, expressed in the discursive personality of the character and the author, refer to artistic dialogue, graphic means, and non-linear speech.
Аннотация. Дискурсивная личность персонажа проявляется в совокупности фрагментов и текстовых единиц, характеризующих стиль речи персонажа, выраженный рядом индивидуальных смысловых и стилистических, коммуникативных и прагматических, познавательных, гендерных, социокультурных и психологических характеристик. Дискурсивная личность персонажа представляет собой сложную структуру и включает в себя характеристики, присущие персонажу и автору. Речевые единицы, выраженные в дискурсивной личности персонажа и автора, относятся к художественному диалогу, графическим средствам и нелинейной речи.
Keywords: discursive personality, personage, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, socio-cultural characteristics, psychological characteristics.
Ключевые слова: дискурсивная личность, персонаж, дискурсивный анализ, социолингвистика, когнитивная лингвистика, социокультурные особенности, психологические характеристики.
Introduction
A key notion in contemporary linguistics, oriented towards the anthropocentrism of language, is discourse. It should be noted that the problem of discourse and discourse-analysis is widely debated in linguistics. There are diverse approaches and standpoints on this issue. It is known that the concept of discourse was first introduced by the famous English scientist Harris in his book Discourse — analysis [1]. The merit of this scholar is that he was one of the first to proclaim the thesis that the basic unit of communication is the coherent text. A significant role in the development of discourse theory was played works of E. Benvenist, who regarded discourse as "Speech in communication" [2, p. 137].
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 6. №9. 2020
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58
Material and research methods
Discourse is a communicative process (addressee-text-recipient) and allows to study a person in a language. Furthermore, N. D. Arutyunova underlines that the presence of people conveys the entire space of language — the semantics of words, sentence structure, and the "organization of discourse" [3].
The uniqueness of literary discourse as a manifestation of artistic-literary communication is based on the fact that it contains two types of addressee and recipient, external and internal. The external type of addressee and recipient is represented by the author's and reader's DP. The internal type of the addressee and the recipient is the communication of two or more personages.
According to L. Y. Ginsburg, DP is interpreted as a complicated phenomenon involving a personage verbal characteristic, the character's actions, and related events, external features, and internal psychological state [4, p. 243].
As for Yu. N. Karaulov, the term of linguistic personality of a character, defined as "a complex of abilities and personal characteristics determining the creation and perception of works (texts), which differ in: a) the degree of structural and linguistic complexity; b) the depth and accuracy of the reality reflection; c) a specific targeted direction" [5, p. 45]. The research of the character's DP is distinguished by three aspects: evaluative, cognitive, and behavioral. The evaluative aspect corresponds with the linguistic and cultural level of the DP structure. The cognitive aspect corresponds with cognitive level of DP, representing features of the thesaurus, intellect, world knowledge, an individual world picture. The behavioral aspect reflects the pragmatic level showing the social and professional status of the personage, its purposes, motives, interests and attitudes.
As we mentioned above, the concept of DP is applicable not only to the determination of the author's DP, but also to the character of this artistic discourse, whose speech has a number of individual semantic and stylistic, communicative and pragmatic, cognitive, gender, cultural characteristics. The linguistic literature analysis on this issue reveals various approaches and standpoints on the character's DP structures, DP typology, and etc. Correspondingly, V. I. Karasik's theory is interesting, including such concepts as language ability, communicative need, communicative competence, language consciousness and speech behavior [6, p.8]. In addition, the structure of a character DP is discussed in the work of S. A. Sukhikh [7, p. 137], where the concept of a character DP is defined as a complex, multilevel functional system including three levels: language proficiency (language competence), knowledge of ways to carry out verbal interaction (communicative competence), and world knowledge (thesaurus).
The DP of the personage is a combination of semantic-stylistic, communicative-pragmatic, cognitive, culturological and psychological aspects. These parameters constitute the integral world picture of the character's personality in artistic discourse.
Results and discussion
Regardless of the theoretically precise structure division of the DP into the abovementioned levels, in reality the borders of this system are blurred. As a consequence, the differentiation of the levels of the discursive personality of the personage in an artistic work is conventional. Let us examine the general attributes of each level DL of the personage. It follows that the DL of the personage is most obviously manifested in a literary dialogue as a component of an artistic discourse.
The semantic-stylistic means of expression DL in literary discourse are characterized by a considerable variety of stylistic means of emotional-evaluation, figurative and expressive
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 6. №9. 2020
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58
character. Stylistic marking of the personage's speech implies a certain arrangement of semantic-stylistic means, which promotes "advancement" as a cognitive principle of information distribution in artistic discourse.
Further, the study of linguistic and pragmatic features of the DL is designed to identify social and professional status, role and personal relationships between communicators, gender, age, local, national and racial characteristics, the emotional state of communicators, character traits and cultural identity of the character. Moreover, the pragmatic aspect deals with role relations, including such issues as speech behavior, role expectations, the factor of mutual understanding.
Research of the cognitive aspect of DL is focused on the intellectual area of personality, the cognition process. Thus, this aspect covers the world knowledge implemented in the DL thesaurus.
From the standpoint of linguoculturology it is supposed to investigate the processes of conceptualization of linguistic units in terms of their relationship to mental structures reflecting the inner spiritual world of DL. Besides the lingvo-cultural analysis of DL is directed on identification of ethnocultural specificity of literary discourse, personality traits, peculiarities of national character.
In terms of the psycholinguistic approach, in particular to the character's DL, it is assumed revealing of psychological, individual-personal features of the author and the personage representing concrete psychological type DL. Analyzing DL from these positions, we consider the psychological types of personality DL, proceeding from base model of [8] which highlights eight psychological types: extraverted thinking type, extraverted feeling type, extraverted intuitive type, introverted thinking type, introverted feeling type, introverted feeling type, introverted intuitive type.
Language markers DL character are a character's artistic dialogue and monologue, representing the external (exteriorized) character's speech. Besides, the character's speech can be represented by an "internal monologue" which serves as a form of thinking and reflects the character's internal psychological state. Internal speech DL of the character is presented in represented speech, which synthesizes speech of the author and the character.
An essential role in disclosing the author's and the character's DP is given to graphic means as well, which serve the purposes of accentuation of the author's and character's discursive characteristics. Therefore, the character's DP is one of the means of expressing anthropocentrism in literary discourse. This suggests that distinctive feature DP of the character in literary discourse is the expression of the author's modality in an explicit or implicit form.
It can therefore be concluded that the discursive personality of a personage is a complex multilevel, functional system that includes linguistic competence (structural-semantic and semantic-stylistic features of a character's speech), communicative competence (pragmatic attitudes, social, ethical and individual characteristics), cognitive competence (world knowledge, thesaurus), and cultural competence (features of national thinking and perception).
Conclusions
In conclusion, the character's discursive personality is manifested in a set of fragments and text units that characterize the character's speech style expressed by a number of individual semantic and stylistic, communicative and pragmatic, cognitive, gender, socio-cultural and psychological characteristics. It should be emphasized that the character's DL is not only a reflection of all these features, but also indirectly serves the purposes of expression of the author's modality and intentionality. It follows that the DL of the personage poses a complex structure and
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 6. №9. 2020
https://www.bulletennauki.com https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58
includes characteristics peculiar to the DL of the personage and the author. The speech units expressed DL of the personage and author concern an literary dialogue, graphic means and represented speech.
References:
1. Harris, Z. S. (1981). Discourse analysis. In Papers on syntax. Dordrecht, Springer, 107142. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8467-7_7
2. Benvenist, E. (2002). Obshchaya lingvistika. Moscow. (in Russian).
3. Arutyunova, N. D. (2000). Diskurs. Moscow. 136-137. (in Russian).
4. Ginzburg, E. L. (1972). Issledovaniya struktury slovoobrazovatel'nogo gnezda. In Problemy strukturnoi lingvistiki, 146-225. (in Russian).
5. Karaulov, Yu. N. (1986). Rol' pretsedentnykh tekstov v strukture i funktsionirovanii yazykovoi lichnosti. In Nauchnye traditsii i novye napravleniya v prepodavanii russkogo yazyka i literatury, 27-32. (in Russian).
6. Karasik, V. I. (2000). Etnokul'turnye tipy institutsional'nogo diskursa. In Etnokul'turnaya spetsifika rechevoi deyatel'nosti, 33-33. (in Russian).
7. Sukhikh, S. A., & Zelenskaya, V. V. (1997). Reprezentativnaya sushchnost' lichnosti v kommunikativnom aspekte realizatsii. Krasnodar, 71. (in Russian).
8. Jung, C. (2016). Psychological types. Taylor & Francis.
Список литературы:
1. Harris Z. S. Discourse analysis // Papers on syntax. Dordrecht: Springer, 1981. 107-142. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8467-7_7
2. Бенвенист Е. Общая лингвистика. М., 2002. 446 с.
3. Арутюнова Н. Д. Дискурс. М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 2000. С. 136-137.
4. Гинзбург Е. Л. Исследования структуры словообразовательного гнезда // Проблемы структурной лингвистики. 1972. С. 146-225.
5. Караулов Ю. Н. Роль прецедентных текстов в структуре и функционировании языковой личности // Научные традиции и новые направления в преподавании русского языка и литературы. 1986. С. 27-32.
6. Карасик В. И. Этнокультурные типы институционального дискурса // Этнокультурная специфика речевой деятельности. 2000. С. 33-33.
7. Сухих С. А., Зеленская В. В. Репрезентативная сущность личности в коммуникативном аспекте реализации. Краснодар, 1997. 71 с.
8. Jung C. Psychological types. Taylor & Francis, 2016.
Работа поступила Принята к публикации
в редакцию 12.08.2020 г. 17.08.2020 г.
Ссылка для цитирования:
Abdullaeva Ch. Discursive Personality of Personage // Бюллетень науки и практики. 2020. Т. 6. №9. С. 420-423. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58/43
Cite as (APA):
Abdullaeva, Ch. (2020). Discursive Personality of Personage. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 6(9), 420-423. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/58/43
