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1УДК 37 Ataeva Z., Chargulyev A., Narlyeva G.
Ataeva Z.
Teacher
Institute of Telecommunications and Informatics of Turkmenistan
(Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
Chargulyev A.
Geography teacher Pedagogical secondary vocational educational institution named after Berdimuhamed Annayev (Arkadag, Turkmenistan)
Narlyeva G.
Russian language teacher 45th specialized secondary school of Ak Bugday stage of Akhalsky velayat
(Akhalsky velayat, Turkmenistan)
DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES FOR TEACHING ENGLISH
Аннотация: the article examines various methodologies for teaching English that are used in teaching as a foreign language. Approaches described include the grammar translation method, communicative teaching, task-based learning, language-based content, lexical approach, total physical response method, silent method, predisposition method, cooperative learning and flipped classroom. Each methodology is analyzed in terms of its advantages and disadvantages, as well as suitable conditions for application.
Ключевые слова: teaching methodologies, English language, grammar translation, communicative teaching, task-based learning, lexical approach.
Teaching English as a second language (ESL) has evolved significantly over
the years, influenced by various educational theories, cultural shifts, and technological advancements. Here's an overview of some prominent methodologies employed in teaching English, each with its unique approach and techniques.
1. Grammar-Translation Method.
The Grammar-Translation Method is one of the oldest approaches to language teaching, focusing primarily on the explicit teaching of grammar rules and vocabulary. In this method, students typically translate texts from their native language to English and vice versa. This method emphasizes reading and writing skills over speaking and listening, making it particularly suitable for students who need to pass exams or read literature in English.
Advantages:
Strong focus on grammar and vocabulary.
Good for developing reading and writing skills.
Familiar to students who have a background in traditional education.
Disadvantages:
Limited focus on speaking and listening.
May not engage students effectively.
Can be tedious and less motivating.
2. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT).
Communicative Language Teaching emphasizes interaction as a primary means of language learning. It focuses on enabling students to communicate effectively and fluently in real-life situations. Activities such as role-plays, discussions, and pair work are common, helping students practice speaking and listening in a contextualized manner.
Advantages:
Promotes fluency and communicative competence.
Engaging and interactive, fostering motivation.
Prepares students for real-life conversations.
Disadvantages:
Can be challenging to assess students' grammar.
Requires teachers to be skilled facilitators. May neglect formal language structures. 3. Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT).
Task-Based Language Teaching revolves around the completion of meaningful tasks that resemble real-life situations. Students engage in activities that require the use of language to achieve specific goals, such as planning a trip or solving a problem. The focus is on the process of communication rather than the product.
Advantages:
Encourages authentic use of language. Increases student engagement and motivation. Allows for personalized learning experiences. Disadvantages:
May require extensive planning by teachers. Some students may struggle without clear structure. Assessment can be complex.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press. 2014;
2. Brown, H. D. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. Pearson Education. 2007;
3. Nation, P., & Newton, J. Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking. Routledge. 2009
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