CC BY
2
УДК 657.01
Shidov A.R. student
4 year, Faculty of Economics and Finance Saint-Petersburg state university of economics
Russia, Saint-Petersburg DIFFERENCES IN THE DEFINITION OF FINANCIAL LEASE UNDER
IFRS AND RAS
The article presents a comparative analysis of the definition of financial lease according to International financial reporting standards and Russian accounting standards. The author reveals the key differences in the Russian practice of leasing accounting and standards of disclosure in respect of lease agreements both for lessees and lessors in accordance with IFRS 17.
Keywords: financial lease, leasing, IAS 17, IFRS, RAS.
In RAS, leasing is accepted as a financial lease. In accordance with the legislation under a lease agreement, the lessor undertakes to acquire the property specified by the lessee from the seller designated by him and to provide the lessee with this property for a fee for temporary possession and use. The property leased for the duration of the lease agreement is the property of the lessor.
A lease is classified as a finance lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incident to ownership. All other leases are classified as operating leases. Classification is made at the inception of the lease.
Whether a lease is a finance lease or an operating lease depends on the substance of the transaction rather than the form. Situations that would normally lead to a lease being classified as a finance lease include the following:
□ the lease transfers ownership of the asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term;
□ the lessee has the option to purchase the asset at a price which is expected to be sufficiently lower than fair value at the date the option becomes exercisable that, at the inception of the lease, it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised;
□ the lease term is for the major part of the economic life of the asset, even if title is not transferred;
□ at the inception of the lease, the present value of the minimum lease payments amounts to at least substantially all of the fair value of the leased asset;
□ the lease assets are of a specialised nature such that only the lessee can use them without major modifications being made.
Another difference between RAS and IFRS is that according to IFRS a lessee always charges depreciation on a financial lease property.
From the point of view of IFRS, a contract that is accounted for as an operating lease in RAS can be measured as a financial lease. As a result, adjustments are required in the account of the lessee and the lessor.
References:
1. IAS 17 — Leases / URL: https://www.iasplus.com/en/standards/ias/ias 17
2. Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of February 17, 1997 N 15 (as amended on January 23, 2001) "On recording in a accounting of operations under a leasing agreement"/ URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons doc LAW 13998/
УДК 159.99
Shmoilova A. V.
Student at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Psychology and Communicative Studies Kuban State University Russia, Krasnodar Volkodav T.V.
Ph.D., associate professor in the Department of English Philology and
the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology
Kuban State University Russia, Krasnodar HOW MEDIA IMPACT FEMALE BODY IMAGE
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the influence of the mass media on the physical Self and appearance of girls aged 18-23 years old. It was proven that social standards of visual attractiveness, imposed by the media, have an impact on the girls' attitude to body image and self-esteem.
Keywords: image of the physical Self, appearance, media influence, self-esteem, body image.
Introduction
Today an ideal body, as well as the current stereotypes of visual attractiveness are an integral part of the media's content information flow. Perception and acceptance of one's appearance, adequacy of perception of one's body and attitude to the personality as a whole, as well as successful social adaptation depends on the development of the body image, its improvement and overcoming deficiencies of its formation. Social researchers emphasize that society contributes significantly to the creation of individual body image [1]. The personal attitude to the image of the physical Self of girls affects the structure of self-esteem; a positive assessment of the physical Self-image in the mind of a person can significantly affect the positiveness of his or her self-concept as a whole; therefore, a negative assessment may entail a decrease in overall self-esteem [5, c. 800-804]. In addition to promoting the exaggerated image of the ideal appearance of a person, the media immediately propose various adaptation-compensatory ways of transforming appearance to get closer to a given ideal. Aside from this, social media offer an observance of various diets and various bodily practices, correcting the body, hair extensions, eyelashes, plastic surgery,
