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11Central Asian Research Journal For Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
ISSN (online): 2181-2454 Volume 2 | Issue 11 |November, 2022 | SJIF: 5,965 | UIF: 7,6 | ISRA: JIF 1.947 | Google Scholar |
www.carjis.org DOI: 10.24412/2181-2454-2022-11-269-273
DEVELOPMENT OF SKILLS AND SKILLS IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING STUDENTS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY
SCHOOLS
Shaxnozabonu Baxtiyorovna Jo'raboyeva Iroda Saydaliyevna Qo'shmatova
Chirchik State Pedagogical University
ABSTRACT
This article presents ideas about modern methods of teaching English in secondary schools, games and methods used in the meaningful organization of lessons.
Keywords: Educational system, competency-based approach, innovative grants, communicator, linguistics, pedagogy, concept, reproductive speech, representative speech, automated activity, observation
The attention paid to teaching English to students in all general education schools of our country is proving itself in the practical confirmation of the fundamental reforms implemented in this field. Among the important documents related to the field of education, the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 10, 2012 No. PQ-1875 "On measures to further improve the system of learning foreign languages" requires new approaches to teaching. In particular, the implementation of a competent approach to teaching foreign languages is one of them. Competency approach is of particular importance for a student learning foreign languages, in which the student is required to acquire the status of communicator and cognoscent (owner of information) in the process of acquiring a foreign language. On the basis of these requirements, a student who has mastered a foreign language will become a well-rounded person who will communicate in the foreign language he is learning in the future and will have certain information about the countries where the language is being studied. The English language is taught in connection with a number of subjects according to the characteristics of the subject. English is the basis of the educational subject and its interaction with these subjects. These include philosophy, anthropology, linguistics, psychology, psycholinguistics, and pedagogy. In the modern English language teaching methodology, the development of new branches of science, such as linguo-cultural science, conceptual
Central Asian Research Journal For Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
ISSN (online): 2181-2454 Volume 2 | Issue 11 |November, 2022 | SJIF: 5,965 | UIF: 7,6 | ISRA: JIF 1.947 | Google Scholar |
www.carjis.org DOI: 10.24412/2181-2454-2022-11-269-273
science, cognitive science, is reflected in the State Education Standard.
As a result of the relationship between the methodology of teaching English and philosophy, the formation of the worldview of the student learning this language was observed. In the relationship with the science of anthropology, the learner of a foreign language at the elementary level, in the process of learning it, shows a conscious attitude to the surrounding events and people of different categories, and becomes socialized in the process of growing up. This process usually takes place between the ages of 8 and 14, depending on the student's age characteristics. It is at this age that motivation to learn a foreign language can be formed. At this age, short-term memory is developed, and the senses of sight and hearing also improve.
Currently, based on the comprehensive reforms implemented in the field of English language teaching in our country, creating a concept of psychological approach to the foreign language subject of general education schools based on the higher quality and efficient organization of the process is an extremely urgent issue. The age of the student in learning English, the importance of mental processes in the implementation of speech communication, the study of theoretical and practical information about the fact that language is a social phenomenon from the point of view of science, active, passive, written and oral, receptive and reproductive forms of speech should be reflected in this concept. Based on its essence, the science of psychology is directly related to the methodology of teaching foreign languages.
It is necessary to know important information about speech in the methodology of teaching English. From the point of view of psychology, speech is divided into several types. Below we will tell you the information about them that every foreign language expert should know. That is, the types of knowledge of the English language are divided into three types - active, passive and mixed.
The process of active learning is carried out by perfectly mastering all types of speech activities in learning English, like one's native language. Passive knowledge of a foreign language consists of being able to understand the meaning of spoken and written texts and mixed knowledge (pronunciation, grammar, lexicon, orthography) in an active and passive way. In the type of receptive speech, information is obtained through the type of listening and reading speech activity, or by perceiving the speech of a representative of an English-speaking country.
In reproductive speech, students receive information through speaking and written speech activities. First the speech is encrypted, then the statement is made.
Along with the importance of mental processes in the methodology of teaching
Central Asian Research Journal For Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
ISSN (online): 2181-2454 Volume 2 | Issue 11 |November, 2022 | SJIF: 5,965 | UIF: 7,6 | ISRA: JIF 1.947 | Google Scholar |
www.carjis.org DOI: 10.24412/2181-2454-2022-11-269-273
English, it is necessary to take into account the importance of psychological concepts such as knowledge, competence and skills. Because in the process of learning English in primary grades in psychology, students' skills and abilities are formed. It is the methodology of teaching English that deals with the formation of these skills and abilities. Professor Jamal Jalolov gives such a definition about them. "A skill is an automated component of a conscious activity.
Automated activity without the participation of consciousness is a skill, and the concept of knowledge means mastering lexicon, grammar and pronunciation in foreign language speech and knowing the simple rules related to them. P.I. Ivanov and M.E. Zufarova deeply analyzed and established the types of activities related to skills and qualifications in psychology.
The intelligence, sensitivity, observation, reading and memory skills of a school-aged student are formed. At the same time, in the process of education, their interest in learning expands, creative research skills develop, the activity and productivity of thinking increases, and finally, the ability to engage in mental activity through perception is formed.
It is known from the researches that Professor E. Hoziev, doctor of psychology, provides such information about the specific features and stages of development of cognitive processes such as intuition, perception, thinking in students of primary school age. "Children of this age are sharply different from students of other ages in terms of clarity, fluency, purity, sharpness of their perception. They are able to acquire important features of perception because they are obsessed with everything and look very carefully." A primary school student strives to clearly perceive any object, subject, and novelty in reality. However, at the initial stage of education, some weak points of perception are visible. These negative features include distinguishing objects from each other and confusing the pronunciation of words in the process of learning English, reading certain sounds, that is, ignoring transcription, and forgetting English names.
Improving the perception of a school student is carried out directly with the help of a teacher. In this process, the teacher teaches students to carefully study, observe, and analyze materials in English. Implementing these in the form of various play technologies, speaking lessons, and various physical activities are important tools for developing cognition.
The ability of a student of a general education school to have a systematic and planned perception is observation. It is known that every student has the ability to
Central Asian Research Journal For Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
ISSN (online): 2181-2454 Volume 2 | Issue 11 |November, 2022 | SJIF: 5,965 | UIF: 7,6 | ISRA: JIF 1.947 | Google Scholar |
www.carjis.org DOI: 10.24412/2181-2454-2022-11-269-273
observe. This allows for effective learning of the subject of the lesson, including effective mastering of the specified educational material in English. Psychologist I.P. Pavlov believed that observation is the main condition of scientific knowledge. K. D. Ushinsky attaches great importance to the task of developing observation: "If education is to develop children's minds, they should be trained to observe."
Psychologist N.F. Dobrinin proves in his research that the ability of schoolchildren of younger age to perceive objects as a whole is limited. Therefore, in the process of teaching English to elementary school students, it is appropriate to organize a more perfect teaching with information about the perception of the environment, various pictures, and visual aids with images of animals. For example, in order to reinforce a new topic, if students are asked the following questions, their perceptive abilities will further develop: "Find the differences into the pictures?", "What animal do you like?", "Do you keep domestic animals at home?".
The perception of a student of this age is directly related to behavior, playful actions, and work. In the process of learning a foreign language, especially English, a primary school student follows the teacher's instructions and learns the language through textbooks, multimedia tools, and colorful visual materials provided in the "Workbook". Therefore, the presentation of textbook materials with bright colors and clear images can be the main factor in the development of the student's perception of this age. However, the famous psychologists and physiologists E.N. Boyko, E.N. Sokolov and Z. Freud stated that bright images that attract the attention of the student more than the standard, prevent them from mastering the knowledge, skills and abilities that are intended for them. Therefore, it is not appropriate to decorate textbooks with a lot of images and pictures. According to the requirements for practical learning of the English language in the 2nd grade, the student's main attention should be given to the purpose of listening and speaking, reading and writing as a means of repeating and strengthening the language material learned in oral speech.
Above, we have detailed our thoughts on the importance of psychological processes, types of speech, types of knowledge of a foreign language, and the importance of developing skills and abilities in the process of teaching a foreign language, especially English, to elementary schools in general education schools.
Also, a number of recommendations were developed for practicing teachers, textbook authors and foreign language teaching methodologists to improve English language teaching based on published textbooks. In order to effectively organize this
Central Asian Research Journal For Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
ISSN (online): 2181-2454 Volume 2 | Issue 11 |November, 2022 | SJIF: 5,965 | UIF: 7,6 | ISRA: JIF 1.947 | Google Scholar |
www.carjis.org DOI: 10.24412/2181-2454-2022-11-269-273
process, the theoretical opinions given by the psychologist, pedagogue, foreign and domestic scientists (N.D. Galskova, Z.N. Nikitenko, J.J. Jalolov, U. Khoshimov, I. Yakubov, E.F. Foziev, I.P. Ivanov, M.E. Zufarova), views on the youth psychology of the student , the issues of formation of skills, competences, types of speech in the English language teaching methodology were analyzed and certain clarifications were made to them.
In conclusion, it can be said that creating excellent methods of teaching English, improving existing textbooks for teaching English, and ensuring the effectiveness of innovative grants operating in order to create a national foreign language teaching methodology are among the most important tasks facing specialists today.
REFERENCES
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