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5Khamdamova G. T. doctoral student
Research Institute Economy of Agriculture and food industry DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Annotation: In recent years, the volume of exports offruits and vegetables in our country has exceeded 1.4 million tons, an increase of 1.5 times compared to previous years. Increasing quality and safety requirements for products on the world market require additional measures to strengthen the position of domestic products in international markets.
Key words: agriculture, industry, products, international standards.
Organic agriculture is a global trend today. In 2019, the trade turnover in international markets for organic agriculture amounted to 96.7 billion euros, with 2.8 million producers engaged in this type of activity on 71.5 million hectares.
According to experts, the world market for organic products has grown by an average of 15% per year over the past five years, and in 2022 the trade turnover is expected to reach $ 212 billion.
In order to further increase the capacity of agricultural processing, systematic work is underway to widely introduce international standards in the industry.
- According to the Institute of Organic Agriculture Research, the law on organic agriculture has been adopted in 103 countries and is being developed in 6 countries.
- According to the World Federation of Organic Agriculture statistics of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement, in 2019 Uzbekistan was included in the list of 10 countries in the world with favorable conditions for fruit growing and has favorable land for organic fruit production.
The availability of favorable conditions and opportunities has a positive impact on the environment, human health, production of high-quality products, as well as increasing the export potential and expanding the geography of the regions due to the lack of attention to the development of organic agriculture in our country.
Organic and Global G.A.P. Serious attention is paid to the adoption of international standards in order to develop production, regulatory and coordination systems in accordance with international standards, improve the quality and safety of agricultural and forestry products, expand the geography of exports.
At present, 1276 standards related to the agricultural sector have been implemented. Of these, 309 are international and 6 are foreign standards. About seventy UN standards for agricultural products have also been adopted.
Adoption of 10 international standards of ISO 28000 series is being completed in the activities of all enterprises and organizations involved in the organization of the value chain of agricultural and food products.
In 2020, 164 Global G.A.P.s, including 155 Global G.A.P. and a plan for the introduction and certification of Organic standards was approved. At present, 10 certificates have been issued and the necessary documents have been received from 135 enterprises. Such work will not only improve the quality of agricultural products in our country, but also help ensure its competitiveness in world markets.
Consistent relations in the field of organic farming should serve the development of our society and improve the living standards of our people.
The cultivation of organic products in agriculture should be based on the following basic principles:
Maintaining the health of soil, water, plants and animals, as well as the balance between them, taking into account the system and circulation of nature and its resources;
Conservation of biodiversity;
Increasing human responsibility for energy and natural resource use;
Ensuring the cultivation of agricultural products and food processing in accordance with the methods of organic production;
No use of genetic engineering systems in organic production.
In order to implement the main directions of state policy in the field of organic agriculture, public administration bodies should take the following organizational and legal measures:
Develops and ensures the implementation of annual, medium-term and long-term government programs that provide specific measures to support and develop organic production (financial assistance, soft loans, subsidies, taxation, etc.);
Adoption and implementation of projects and programs in cooperation with organic product manufacturers;
Introduction of innovative methods and technologies of organic production, encouragement of introduction of advanced experience in organic production;
Providing information and consulting assistance to organic producers;
Assist in the search and implementation of innovative projects to support organic production;
Provision of state and international grants for the development of certain sectors of organic production and the implementation of pilot projects, including the provision of benefits to producers of traditional agricultural products in the transition to organic agriculture;
Creating conditions for the participation of producers of organic products in the formation of service infrastructure and ensuring the activities of private farms of the population.
Implement state support for manufacturers of certified organic products and raw materials in the form prescribed by law by authorized and accredited conformity assessment and inspection bodies;
In order to develop the production of organic products and raw materials, to provide incentives for local producers of organic products and raw materials in public procurement;
In order to ensure compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents in the field of technical regulation by enterprises growing organic agricultural products, the implementation of science-based rotation schemes and the placement of crops and the use of raw materials (organic fertilizers, plant protection products and veterinary organic means) not to put The transition to the production of organic products is carried out in accordance with the rules of development and treatment of organic products.
References:
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 17.10.2018 No. PP-3978 "Fruit and vegetable products on additional measures to increase the efficiency of export to foreign markets.
2. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-5995 of 18.05.2020 "On ensuring compliance of quality and safety indicators of agricultural products with international standards "Decree" On additional measures".
3. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 729 of 18.11.2020 "On approval of certain normative legal acts on the safety of organic products and raw materials and organic-mineral fertilizers".
4. The concept of development of organic agriculture and production of organic food products in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
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14. http://www.fao.org/3/I8685RU/i8685ru.pdf
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