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Nurbek Umirov Norbutayevich, doctoral student, Karshi state university E-mail:18021988umirov@gmail.com Fayzulla Nurkulov Nurmuminovich, doctor of Technical Sciences, Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Uzbekistan, Tashkent region, Zangiata district, P/o Shuro-bazaar Abdulakhat Djalilov Turopovich, doctor of chemistry, academic, director of the Stat Unitary Enterprise Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Uzbekistan, Tashkent region, Zangiata district, P / o Shuro-bazaar
DEVELOPMENT OF GASOLINE COMPOSITION COMPOUNDED WITH THE USE OF ANTI-KNOCK MODIFIER A-18
Abstract. The ecological safety of the use of anti-knock modifier A-18 in systems in the oil and gas-chemical industry is shown and their efficiency is determined.
Keywords: anti-knock modifier, amyl, isobutyl, n-propyl and ethyl, oxygen-containing modifiers.
Introduction: an Increase in the octane number United States, setting '!' gasohol for the following in-
of gasoline to the required level is possible either by dicators: the density of 730-760 kg/m3, the limits of
expanding the production of high-octane hydro- boiling 25-210 °C, calorific value of 41.9 MJ/kg, heat
carbon fuel components through optimization and of vaporization 465 MJ/kg, saturated vapor pressure
modernization of oil refining schemes at the refinery, (38 °C) 55-110 kPa, viscosity (40 °C) 0,6 mm2/s, the
or by selecting new non-toxic octane additives and stoichiometric factor 14 In Sweden and Finland is oper-
components of non-oil origin [1]. ated gasoline E85, which includes 85% ethanol. In Rus-
Oxygenates are called oxygen-containing organic sia, OAO VNIINM together with JSC "AVTOVAZ" compounds that act as antidetonators. Their use in were tested gasoline containing 5-10% ethanol, the reconcentrations of several percent allows us to con- sults ofwhich gasoline with the addition of5% ethanol sider them no longer additives, but components of has been approved for use in automotive vehicles, but motor fuel. The main advantage of oxygenates is the has not yet received wide distribution. possibility of expanding the resources of motor fuels Ethanol, like all high-octane additives, has its at the expense of raw materials of non-oil origin. drawbacks:
The use offuels containing ethanol as a high-octane - resence of traces of water;
additive has been successfully implemented worldwide. - like all alcohols, it has increased corrosion ac-
In USA from 1978 to richen the fuel gasohol, which tivity, depending on the water content and the mo-
contains 10% ethanol. ASTM standard developed lecular weight of alcohol (the greater the molecular
by the national Commission on alcoholic fuels of the weight of alcohol, the less aggressive it is [2-3].
The introduction of alcohol fuel appropriate modifiers and stabilizers can overcome the difficulties. The greatest influence on the delamination of alcohol gasoline has a water content. To ensure the stability of gasoline with alcohols in the production, storage and use it is necessary: to prevent the ingress of water into them; to use stabilizing additives or, in other words, co-solvents, homogenizing the gasoline-water-alcohol system [4].
As stabilizers of gasoline-alcohol mixtures it is proposed to use: aliphatic alcohols C3 - C2 normal and branched structure, phenols, allylacetate, ethers and esters and their organometallic derivatives, ketones, amines, surfactants, and glycols and their ethers, aldehydes, catali, acetals, acylcarbene, carboxylic acids and mixtures of these compounds. The addition of stabilizers prevents the stratification of alcohol-containing gasoline to a temperature of -40-23 °C [5].
Good and at the same time cheap stabilizer are fusel oils that provide homogeneity of fuel at temperatures above -25 °C.
It should be noted that fuels comprising more than 40% vol. ethanol, have the required phase stability without prior dehydration of alcohol and the introduction of stabilizers.
When used in the composition of the fuel composition of watered ethanol to prevent delamination, stabilizers should be introduced (higher alcohols, aromatic amines, esters, ketones, So the addition of 2.5-3.0% Isobutanol ensures the stability of the gasoline-ethanol mixture containing 5% water at temperatures up to -20 °C. [6].
Experimental part.
The motor method was used to determine the octane number at the unit UIT-65 allowing to change the compression ratio from 4 to 9, where the detonation resistance of the studied gasoline is compared with the reference samples at a temperature of the combustible mixture of 150 °C and a rotational speed of 900 min-The detonation resistance is determined by the research method at a temperature of
the combustible mixture of 25-35 °C (the mixture is not heated) and a rotational speed of 600 min-1. Since the determination of the detonation resistance by the motor method takes place under more severe conditions, the result will be slightly lower than it would have been obtained by the determination by the research method In both cases, after the heating of the engine, the compression degree gradually increases until the detonation of a certain standard intensity determined by the scale of the detonation index.Also, the octane number can be approximately calculated by the formulas obtained value corresponds approximately to the octane number determined by the research method.;
ft -
OH= 120 - 2 cf
V
5p
where t — the average temperature of the distillation fuel
tcp =
t +1
HK KK
t — initial boiling point fuel; t — the temperature
HK C KK
of the end boiling point of the fuel; p20 is the density of fuel at 20 °C, g/cm3
Results and discussion.
In this paper, octane-boosting modifier synthesized on the basis of amyl, isobutyl, n-propyl and ethyl, oxygen-containing organic compounds were studied. the Reaction was carried out in a 500 ml flask equipped with a reverse refrigerator for 30 minutes at a temperature of+ 8 to +18 °C.
Octane-boosting modifier is applied by light car. One of the most effective octane oil system modifier is the A -18 modifier
In recent years, a promising direction-the production and consumption of harmless (environmentally friendly) high-octane additives instead of IES-is successfully developing. Figure-1.
Compared to the graph, the octane growth shown in figure 1 seemed to be the best. The correct fraction of gasoline was used. The maximum increase in the number of octanes was changed to 18 units by the method of the octane number of the motor (ONM)
2
and 18 units according to the method of research oc- up to 2% led to the fact that the increase in the octane tane number(ONR). It should be noted that the ad- content of gasoline was the highest.As the concentra-dition of the a-18 modifier To the concentration of tion increased, the number of octanes decreased.
Figure 1 Change in the number of octanes when adding A-18 modifier in direct distillation of gasoline
Figure 2. Storage stability of octane-boosting modifier With the addition of the a-18 modifier to the creased by 1-2 units. The modifier we offer keeps feather distillation of gasoline 10 weeks waiting for the octane number in gasoline in equilibrium for a the number of octanes, the number in gasoline de- long time.
References:
1. Developed GOST R52201-2004 - "Ethanol motor fuel for automotive engines with forced ignition. Bensaali, which operates from 1July 2004.
2. Mirom W. L., Ragazzi R. A. //SAE Techn. Pap. Ser. 1986.- No. 860530.- 6 p.
3. Black F. // SAE Techn. Pap. Ser. 1991.- No. 912413.- P. 1-30.
4. Ivanov P. V., Onoychenko S. I., Emelyanov V. E. Automobile fuel: Bhepat today, tomorrow. Analyte. review.- M.: 2001.
5. Kaminsky E. F. Ecological characteristics of motor fuels and new technologies for their provision.- M.-Oil and gas,- P. 10-11.
6. Danilenko, Tatyana Viktorovna Development of fuel compositions of Gasoline with the addition of aliphatic alcohols Dis. ... kand. That science.- M.: RGB, 2005.
