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Miskinova S.Z. teacher
department "MusicEducation" Shirchik State Pedagogical Institute
Tashkent region
DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN OF INSTRUMENTAL MUSICING
Annotation: The article deals with the importance of introducing the subject of instrumental performance into secondary school education and the formation of students" performing skills.
Key words: instrumental performance, folk instruments, reconstruction, musical heritage, musician instrumentalist.
D. B. Kabalevsky attached great importance to the activities of children's instrumental music. In particular, he noted: "If there is a piano in the classroom, it is recommended to include in the lessons four-handed playing (playing in an ensemble with the teacher)... Probably children who have never touched the piano keys in their lives, two fingers He participates in the performance of a more or less complete piece of music by pressing only two notes given by the teacher. This arouses great interest in children, increases their passion for music and, of course, has a positive effect on their musical development. makes a secret
But what if there is no piano in the classroom? And even if it is, there are difficulties in involving children in the classroom - after all, the teacher can not transfer everyone to one instrument at once. And with the undoubted advantage of engaging in this activity in a school setting, children would only be able to "touch" the keys.[4]
The performance of the instrument can also be studied in the basic elementary instruments. If the school has children's musical instruments, we can use them in the classroom with the teacher in an ensemble (including four-handed performance) - it is very important for us to sing a song, to move under the music. slave, because playing these instruments also contributes to the musical development of children, enriches their musical and performance experience and adds an element of play to the lesson. But is this type of performance on children's instruments able to keep children's attention for a long time? Even the performance of the famous elementary musical instruments created by K. Orff is intended only for preschool children. Today, it is already difficult for small school-age students to be interested in the noise of circles, rattles, triangles and drums. A very conditional result in terms of artistic quality can be achieved on the basis of a very difficult technique of playing Orff instruments. However, you can't call them cheap. This reduces the chances of distributing them at a local school.[4]
Many difficulties can be overcome with the ingenuity of a music teacher. However, the teacher's ingenuity is not enough to solve the problem of introducing all students to instrumental music on the basis of improvised methods. Or, in addition to these instruments, was it possible to address others in music lessons? After all, more than 50 years have passed since D. B. Kabalevsky created the program of music science for secondary schools.
In fact, musical instruments are a means of glorifying the spirituality of mankind in melodies, that is, a product of folk art, a miraculous and expressive instrument that has been formed among the masses from time immemorial, created by masters of the word and perfected. The national pride, traditions and values of each nation are reflected in the instruments, and the sound they emit is in accordance with it. In the modern process, special attention is paid to such factors as a new look at the traditions of the past, the proper use of advanced technology and the education of the perfect man. After all, music is considered to be the most important factor in the education of a perfect person, that is, it can be the basis for the spiritual and spiritual upbringing of people. Undoubtedly, this is the reason why attention is paid to this at all stages of the educational process.[2]
From the 2022/2023 academic year, at least one of the national musical instruments will be taught in general secondary education, and this will be recorded in their education certificate. In this regard, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan signed a resolution "On additional measures for further development of culture and art." According to the decision, from the 2022/2023 academic year, one hour of study per week for music, in addition to which will be held weekly practical circles and optional classes on the performance of melodies on national musical instruments. It is also mandatory for music teachers to have the ability to perform at least one of the national instruments, and from the 2023/2024 academic year - at least three. As part of the study hours for music, lessons on instrumental performance will be organized under the motto "The instrument accompanies my life."
In order to organize meaningful extracurricular activities of students, according to their interests, the skills of playing melodies on national musical instruments, fine and applied arts, practical circles in the field of handicrafts (hereinafter - practical circles) ) is formed. In his spare time, he works with specialists who have a certificate of professional education and higher education in the art of music, who can skillfully perform melodies on at least 3 national musical instruments. full-time employment as a music teacher and head of a music club in general secondary education on a part-time basis, while maintaining the conditions of remuneration on the ground;
In addition, the training of music teachers to play the melody on at least three national musical instruments is carried out within the system of continuous professional development of public educators, with culture and art for training in retraining courses. Representatives of the horse industry are involved on a
contractual basis.[1]
The teacher should feel that he is working not only with the student who is learning the art of playing, but also with the pupil. It is necessary to approach the work in the same way, modern science is studying education and development in depth and comprehensively from a scientific point of view. The process of education and development are inextricably linked. Development takes place in the educational process. The individual characteristics of the acquisition of certain knowledge and skills by students, the degree of development of consciousness affect the educational process. A person with a developed level of consciousness and intellect can easily and quickly acquire various knowledge and skills. Recognizing the interdependence of education and development does not mean that development occurs spontaneously in the educational process. There is no denying the positive impact on the development of science education. However, the results of development under the influence of education are not always the same. Such results can vary drastically. This begs the question: what resources have the greatest impact on development during education? To this question G.M. We can find the answer in Sipin's book "Learning to play the piano" ("Obucheniye igre na fortepiano"): "Here the content, form and methods of the educational process are crucial." The above idea is directly related to the teaching of instrumental performance. The connection between the mastery of the student's performance skills and the issues of his general musical development The science of instrumental performance The history of the origin of national instruments, information about the masters of national composition and the modern variety of national instruments to teach students theoretical and practical knowledge about the role of performance in accordance with the requirements of modern educational standards.[2]
The Uzbek classical musical heritage is rich in a variety of instruments, each of which has a long history, structural development and technical improvement. According to the performance criteria, Uzbek folk instruments are divided into two groups. The first group includes all traditional folk instruments. The second group is related to the cultural development of the twentieth century. The words of traditional folk instruments are: tanbur, dutor, sato, rubob, ud, nay, surnay, koshnay, karnay, gijjak, chang, kanun, doyra, nogora. Words used in folk art include changqobiz, sibizgi, safoil. Processed musical instruments include rubab, gijjak, dutar and chang soz, samples of music processed according to the criteria of saprano, alt, tenor, bass sounds.
The group of tambourines and percussion instruments consisting of trumpets, horns, drums and doyras has long been formed in the practice of performance and has become an active participant in all public events of our people. Ensembles of traditional musical instruments are used due to their characteristics. In order to have a large-scale and large sound capacity in the performance, an ensemble of large instruments was formed from all the
instruments. In the practice of instrumental music and maqom performance, it has become a tradition to perform in small groups. In particular: performance of each instrument accompanied by a circle; with tanbur dutor; tanbur, accompanied by dutar doyra; accompanied by tanbur, dutar, gijjak doyra, ud with law doyra, etc.[3]
If every nation loves its national musical heritage, respects the traditions of its ancestors, masters and appreciates them, it will be able to appreciate the art of other nations. After all, the musical traditions that have come down to us testify to the strength of the chain of generations. In this regard, it should be noted that the maqom, which is the spiritual wealth of our people, the classical music of the maqom way still retains its artistic and aesthetic potential at a high level. Their study, research and transmission to future generations is one of the most pressing issues of our time.
It is known that the musical culture of the Uzbek people is rich in national instruments. With their perfection, they have found a worthy place in the practice of skilled performers. Because each instrument has its own history of formation, performance capabilities, unique, attractive sound and fans. It is the sacred duty of every coach to study all their secrets and pass them on to the younger generation.
References:
1. Ozbekiston Prezidenti qarori, Madaniyat va sanat sohasini yanada rivojlantirishga doir qo'shimcha chora tadbirlar to'g'risida, 02.02.2022 yil, PQ-112 son.
2. SH.Rahimov, A. Lutfullayev- "Cholg'ushunoslik", «Musiqa» nashriyoti, T., 2010
3. R.Nosirov- "Cholgu ijrochiligi", OzDSI, 2008
4. И. М. Красильников- «И. М. Красильников Как развивать детское инструментальное музицирование?», Материалы XIII международной научно-практической конференции, Санкт - Петербург, 2014.
5. Малохдт Саиджабборовна Мухитдинова -"Педагогика олий мусикд таълимида бакалаврларни тайёрлашда учраб турадиган муаммолар ва уларнинг ечиш йуллари"- "Science and Education" Scientific Journal December 2020 / Volume 1 Special Issue 4.
