Development calculation methods of technological parameters for receipt deformed semi-finished products of gold based alloys of probe 585 Текст научной статьи по специальности «Электротехника, электронная техника, информационные технологии»

Journal of Siberian Federal University. Engineering & Technologies 6 (2012 5) 615-623

УДК 621.777:669.231.7

Development Calculation Methods

of Technological Parameters

for Receipt Deformed Semi-Finished Products

of Gold Based Alloys of Probe 585

Sergey B. Sidelnikov*, Nikolay N. Dovjhenko, Olga S. Lebedeva, Sergey V. Belyaev, Julia D. Gailis and Evgeniy V. Feskov Siberian Federal University 79 Svobodniy, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Russia 1

Received 09.11.2012, received in revised form 16.11.2012, accepted 23.11.2012

Developed algorithms, software, and calculation methods of deformation regimes and power parameters for cold bar rolling and drawing of rods and wires of gold alloys 585 standard. Obtain a formula for the calculation of the contact area during rolling in calibers similar in form to the rhombic. Presented the results of analysis factory regimes and proposed new routes of rolling and drawing, which have passed tested to obtain commercial pilot batches of jewelry chains.

Keywords: golden alloys, rolling, drawing, mechanical properties, deformation regimes, stress, contact area, tension.

Development of technologies for implementation of new alloy compositions based on precious metals, alloyed with elements that improve their properties, on one side caused by expansion of the range of jewelry, associated with an increase in the color palette and the sophistication of the elements, that constitutes the entire finished product, on the other side - higher quality requirements. Actual also is the reduction of the harmful effects on human health of some metal-allergens included in the standard alloys. Perspective in this regard are alloys of gold 585 standard includes a small addition of ruthenium, rhodium, indium (as a modifier), provide a uniform fine-grained structure, increasing the level of mechanical properties and allowing to produce jewelry production by casting and metal forming [1].

Determining factors to get a quality finished jewelry products are technological regimes and power parameters for bar rolling mills type Famor TL12T and BILER mark INVIMEC [2] and technological parameters and kinematic characteristics of the process of drawing on the mill type 10NFS COMEVI [3]. In this case, great practical importance when designing technology of production the deformed semi-finished products have theoretical and experimental studies of

* Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected]

1 © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserved

relationship of strength and plastic properties of the technological parameters of processing. This knowledge will make it possible not only to determine the power parameters of bar rolling and drawing of precious metals and alloys, but also carry out checks on allowable force used for this equipment. To identify technology and power parameters of production and analysis of factory modes production of deformed semi-finished products created algorithms and methods, including automated analysis of deformation modes and effort profiled cold bar rolling and drawing using rheological characteristics of the processed alloy.

In the process of industrial research new gold alloy 585 standard red color, held in Krasnoyarsk Facility of Non-Ferrous Metals named after Gulidov («Krastsvetmet» JSC.), provided data on the mechanical properties, based on which received the empirical relationships for determining the values of the ultimate tensile strength (cB) and yield strength (a0j2) for these alloys, where the maximum amount of deformation reaches 95%.

cB = ae 2 + be + c h c0>2 = ae2 + be + c,

where a, b, c - dimensionless coefficients characterizing the properties of the new alloys (Table 1).

For prior calculations deformation regimes of bar rolling and drawing has been applied program «PROVOL», created in the programming environment Delphi, Borland Corporation product, which is designed for operating systems Windows, GNU/Linux, Mac OS X and Windows CE.

The general structure of the program represents the following sequence: unit selection calculation, input source data; presentation of calculations in the form of tables and graphs.

The algorithm of the program includes the initial data, calculation of the geometric dimensions of the processed metal, calculation mode of breakdowns by the aisles and definition power parameters, in this case uses the methodology for determining the technological regimes rolling and drawing given in refs [3,4].

As the initial information the program includes database for equipment and alloys (Fig. 1). The database is designed to store and retrieve data, presenting information in a convenient form and automate repetitive tasks. To create a database used program products Access that allows you to develop a simple and easy data entry form, and perform data processing and delivery of complex reports.

As the output data the program generates a table of results (Fig. 2) and diagrams of dependences calculated process parameters on the number of passes.

To solve the complex problem of determining power parameters for cold bar rolling of a new gold alloy 585 standard conducted research in the laboratory for profiled two-stand rolling mill type model AMBIFILO VELOCE ROSEN 180+200x0130 of Italian company Mario Di Maio. Technical characteristics of the equipment are shown in Table 2.

Table 1. Coefficient to determine the strength characteristics of gold alloys 585 standard red color

Mark of alloy Mechanical properties Dimensionless coefficients

a b c

Red gold Oh -0,001082 1,7356 446,8

0>,2 -0,0125 3,6301 217,29

a b

Fig. 1. Pro gram window to calculate the parametersof bar rolling when selecting equipment (a) and alloy (b)

Table 2. Technical characteristics of section mill two-stand model

Name ofthe parametet The parameter value ofthe mill

Engines power, kW 4,8-7,5 and 0,25

The ehree-phase supply voltage, V 380

The maximum torque rolling, kgm 136

Rolling speed, m/min 12,5+26

Length of barrel rolls, mm 200+180

Roll diameter, mm 130

Number of calibers 50

Overall dimensions , mm 1700x1320x1450

For obtain an accurate geometric model of the deformation zone in calibers close in shape to a rhombokl, rolled samples depicted in scale 1:1 using program AutoCAD, and then using vector graphics have lrd to cpecific form (Fig. 3). This allowed finding length of the metal contact and the contact area of the defo tmed me(al with rolls with high accuracy (Fig. 4).

On the basis of these data was obtained empirical formula to determine the area of contact metal with rolls in calibers at cold bar rolling.

F = 19 178 • e(0,26n'x)

1 cont ~ 1 1 ' ° e '

where x - size by the caliber, mm.

Using data obtained with the help of the developed software to performed calculations to determine the power parameters for the following factory processing. Rolling initial ingot diameter of 10 mm was carried out in three stages. In the first phase rolling led to the mill Famor TL 12T in calibers to the size of a square cross-section bars 3,7*3,7 mm. Then - on mills type BILER in two mills to size accordingly 2,1*2,1 mm h 1,1*1,1 mm. The calculated power parameters of rolling of a new alloy are presented in Table 3. Change efforts rolling through the aisles in Fig. 5.

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The calculation showed that the values of effort does not exceed allowable (Fig. 5), as allowable force mill Famor TL 12T was 61.7 kN, and rolling mill type BILER - 50,n kN.

The final stage to get the wire is dnawing process on the mill type 10NFS COMEVI, which was carried out the following route: 1,1-1,00-0,90-0,80-0,70-0,60-0,50-0,45-0,35-0,30-0,25 mm. The calculation results are shown in Table 4.

To analyze the indicators of powir parameters tine process of drawing calculated voltage wire drawing and the safety factor. The analysis showed that for the new alloy to its mechanical properties, used in the factory route drawing is not rational. The reason is that in the first pass, the value of the safety factor below the permissible value yr =1,4, which suggests the possibility7 of wire breakage.

Graphical representatkm of stress changes drawing is shown in Fig. 6.

As seen from the above presented depending, distribution voltages wire drawing unevenly through the aisles, reaching peak levels at 1, 6 and 11 aisles, it can also lead to a wire breaks of thin sections.

Table 3. Bar rolling process parameters

№ of aisles F, mm2 F % FK, mm2 aT- MPa P, kN

rolling on the mill Famor

1 62,41 20 150,99 286,44 43,25

2 57,76 26 139,61 304,47 42,51

3 51,84 34 125,76 326,16 41,02

4 43,56 45 107,52 354,10 38,07

5 38,44 51 96,85 369,99 35,83

6 34,81 56 89,55 380,61 34,08

7 29,16 63 78,59 396,07 31,13

8 26,01 67 72,67 404,13 29,37

9 23,04 71 67,19 411,36 27,64

10 20,25 74 62,13 417,83 25,96

11 16,81 79 55,96 425,37 23,80

12 13,69 83 50,41 431,79 21,77

rolling on the mill BILER №1

1 12,96 5 49,11 236,29 11,60

2 11,56 16 46,61 270,74 12,62

3 10,24 25 44,24 300,83 13,31

4 9,00 34 41,99 326,98 13,73

5 7,29 47 38,82 359,68 13,96

6 6,25 54 36,85 377,65 13,92

7 5,29 61 34,97 392,97 13,74

8 4,84 65 34,07 399,72 13,62

rolling on the mill BILER №2

1 4,00 17 32,34 276,53 11,60

2 3,24 33 30,69 323,63 12,62

3 2,56 47 29,13 360,56 13,31

4 2,25 54 28,38 375,75 13,73

5 1,96 60 27,64 389,04 13,96

6 1,69 65 26,93 400,60 13,92

7 1,44 70 26,24 410,61 13,74

8 1,21 75 25,56 419,24 13,62

To eliminate detected flaws designed new modes of drawing: using a wire drawing machine, used in factory conditions (Fig. 2), and tougher of drawing regime 1,1-0,82-0,67-0,55-0,45-0,37-0,30-0,25 mm, which provides smooth change of extracts coefficients through the aisles (Fig. 7) and lower stress values at the end of the process of drawing (Fig. 8).

Developed modes of drawing are characterized by a uniform distribution of the deformation characteristics, have high safety margins, which positively affected on the implementation of the drawing process.

Table 4. Drawing process parameters

№ of aisles di; mm F, mm2 F % aB- MPa PB, N Kb, MPa Yr

1 1,00 0,7850 35 506,16 317,93 405,01 1,25

2 0,90 0,6359 47 526,51 114,62 180,27 2,92

3 0,80 0,5024 58 544,43 106,36 211,70 2,57

4 0,70 0,3847 68 5(50,03! 96,78 251,61 2[23

5 0,60 0,22826 71 573,38 86,08 304,59 1,88

6 0,50 0,1963 84 584,55 74,41 379,16 1,54

7 0,445 0,1590 87 589,34 32,07 204,92 2,88

8 0,410 0,1256 90 593,61 29,37 233,85 2,54

9 0,35 0,0952 9)2 597,3= 26,09 271,33 2,20

10 0,30 0,0707 94 600,61 22,75 321,94 1,87

11 0,25 0,0491 96 603,35 19,34 394,23 1,53

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Fig. 6. Changes in the voltage wire drawing through the aisles at the factory mode

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Fig. 7. The distribution coefficients of exthacts through the aisles

Fig. 8. Stress distribution of drawing through the aisles

On technology developed by «Krastsvetmet» JSC experimental batches of jewelry chains were manufactured, thus as a result of tests yield increased by 2-10%, depending on the diameter of the produced wire.

Thus, the results of aesearch:

- the modeling process of bar rolling in calibers was carried (nut, which allowed to obtain the calculation Uependieg tor the atea of contact metal with the rolls on the bar rolling mill and to calculate the power parameters of the process;

-e proposed u meahod and created software, allows you to quickly calculate the deformation modes and power parameeers of processing;

- analyzed deformation modes used for bar rolling and drawing in Krasnoyarsk Facility of Non-Ferrous Metals;

- proposed and verified regimes of rolling and drawing for new gold alloys 585 standard and obtained experimental batches of high quality products.

References

[1] Sidelnikon S.B., Dovjhenko N.N., Biront V.S. and others. Alloy based on gold. The patent of Russian Federation № 2391425 RF, Publ.:1j.06.2010. Bulletin № 16.

[2] Donjjenko N.N., Sidelnikon S.B., MaUsen E.V. and others. The analysis of deformation modes of processing of pcecious metalc and their alloys ^Non-Ferrous Metars-2010: Collected reports of the Second Internahional Congress. Knasnoyarsk: «Verso»> Ltd, 22010.1». 663 -6690.

[3] Sidelnikon S.B., Istomin V.N., Maltsin E. V and others. Calculation of indicators sIress state and kinematic characteristics of ihe process ot drowing wire from alloys of gold 585 stendard S/ Modeling and development processes op metal fotming: Interregronnl collection of scientific works / edited by V.M. Salganik. Magnitogorsk: Publishing house Magnitogoask. State Technical University named after G.I. Nosov, 2011. I5. 185-193.

[4] Smirnon V.K., Shilon V.A., Inatonich J.V. Calibration of rolls: Textbook for high schools. 2nd extended and revised edition. M.: Thermotechnics, 2010.

Разработка методики расчета технологических параметров получения деформированных полуфабрикатов из сплавов золота 585-й пробы

С.Б. Сидельников, Н.Н. Довженко, О.С. Лебедева, С.В. Беляев, Ю.Д. Гайлис, Е.В. Феськов

Сибирский федеральный университет Россия 660041, Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 79

Разработаны алгоритмы, программное обеспечение и методика расчета деформационных режимов и энергосиловых параметров холодной сортовой прокатки и волочения прутков и проволоки из сплавов золота 585-й пробы. Получена формула для расчета контактной площади при прокатке в калибрах, близких по форме к ромбическим. Представлены результаты анализа заводских режимов и предложены новые маршруты прокатки и волочения, которые прошли промышленную апробацию с получением опытных партий ювелирных цепей.

Ключевые слова: сплавы золота, прокатка, волочение, механические свойства, режимы деформации, усилие, контактная площадь, напряжение.