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14XVII Всероссийская с международным участием школа - семинар по структурной макрокинетике для молодых ученых имени академика А.Г. Мержанова
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF COMMON BUNT INFECTION ON THE STABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT LINES FOR USE IN BREEDING PROGRAMS
A. Spabekova, A. Kanaev, A. Kambarova, M. Zhakupzhanova, R. Satimbekov
Research Institute of biotechnology problems, Zhetysu State University named
after I. Zhansugurov, Republic Kazakhstan, 040009, с. Taldykorgan, Zhansugurova st., 187а. kambarova.aigerim.zh@gmail.com
DOI: 10.24411/9999-004A-2019-10073
Abstract. Common bunt (Tilletia caries) is a seed transmitted fungal disease in wheat. The resistance cultivars and lines of wheat should use to control this type of diseases in organic farming. A set of 75 wheat cultivars and lines from IWWIP of Turkey used. During the period 2016-2017, an experiment was carried out at the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Growing in an artificially inoculated nursery. The susceptible check, GEREK 79, had a high level of susceptibility to common bunt with 59.7% infected heads. The high mean disease incidence in the nursery was 74.4%. The sixteen genotypes were resistant to disease under artificial inoculation. The forty-two wheat genotypes (56% of all genotypes) expressed moderate resistance, which infected around 2.0-27.3% of ears. The wheat lines had different levels of agronomic traits under artificial inoculation of common bunt. The productivity of wheat genotypes under artificial infection ranged from 1.13 t/ha to 7.29 t/ha. The expected strong positive correlation was detected between the grain number and grain weight (r = 0.7), between the grain weight and TKW (r = 0.75) and the grain weight and total grain weight (r = 0.79). The negative correlation was found between the bunted ears and all agronomic traits. Identified resistance genotypes will be useful for breeding programs to forming resistance cultivars to common bunt in Kazakhstan.
Keywords: wheat, wheat cultivars, wheat lines, common bunt, resistance, productivity.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Resistance to common bunt. A mixture of common bunt teliospores from races for field in southeast part of Kazakhstan induced a different reaction on wheat lines of International CBUNT Nursery. The winter susceptible check, GEREK 79, had a high level of susceptibility to common bunt with 59.7% infected heads (table 1). This high level of infection in the susceptible check on cultivar GEREK 79 confirmed that the common bunt infection was successful. Goates (1996) [3] suggested that common bunt resistance evaluation should be considered valid when a susceptible check had more than 50% infected heads. The two resistance winter genotypes, MUFITBEY and NACIBEY, had similar degrees of resistance with 10.1 and 2.0% infected heads, respectively. The high mean disease incidence in the nursery was 74.4%.
XVII Всероссийская с международным участием школа - семинар по структурной макрокинетике для молодых ученых имени академика А.Г. Мержанова
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the common bunt infection was found to decrease the productivity and biological yield in the tested genotypes. Artificial inoculation tests for common bunt resistance showed that a large number of resistance genotypes is available in disease condition of southeast part of Kazakhstan. On base this study sixteen genotypes from the CBUNT Nursery of IWWIP can be considered as valuable resistance sources to common bunt. Identified resistance genotypes will be useful for breeding programs to forming resistance cultivars to common bunt in Kazakhstan.
REFERENCES
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