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45позволяет обеспечить наилучшие условия для передачи чувствительного к задержкам трафика для всех типов трафика даже при одинаковых значениях интервалов обслуживания. Таким образом, различные модели могут быть реализованы на основе графической теории, описывающей каждый из вариантов реконструкции. Каждая версия имеет определенное количество новых каналов и новых узлов оптоволоконных сетей доступа. С помощью моделирования по известным алгоритмам получены данные о распределении нагрузки в каналах и определены их коэффициенты использования. Кроме того, будет разработан ряд критериев для оценки эффективности варианта реконструкции с учетом конкретных условий региональной сети.
References
1. Agatayeva, B.B., Elizhareva, E.Y., Shakhma-tova, G.A. Optical communication systems in telecommunications. - Almaty, 2009. - 71 p. [Published in Kazakh].
2. Smilov, N.K., Abdakov, G., Zhamangarin, D.S., Baikenova, G.M. Implementation of a broadband
communication line using FTTB technology via fiberoptic cables.- Vestnic PSU, 2018. - 15 p. [Published in Kazakh].
3. Ivanov, A.B. Fiber optics: components, transmission systems, measurements.- M.: Cyrus Systems, 1999. - 189 p. [Published in Russian].
4. Nurmanov, M.Sh., Kurmanov, A.T., Zhankozin, A.Zh. Electronics and microchip engineering. - Almaty: RK MTI, 2000. - 65 p. [Published in Kazakh].
5. Saitov, I. A., Mirinov, A.E, Golovashev, V.Yu., Dvordiyadkin, V.V. Fundamentals of building modern systems and networks of subscriber access. - Moscow, 2005. - 39 p. [Published in Russian].
6. AT Ibrayev, NK Smailov, Study parameters of fiber optic temperature sensors № 11-1, pages 5-8 2016.
7. Piotr Kisala, Waldemar Wojcik, Nurzhigit Smailov, Aliya Kalizhanova, Damian Harasim Elongation determination using finite element and boundary element method 389-394 2015/12/24.
DETERMINATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING WAGON TURNOVER TIME
Butunov D.B.,
PhD, acting associate Professor of the Department "Organization of transport movement" Tashkent state
transport university (Uzbekistan) Buriyev Sh.X.,
Assistant of the Department "Organization of transport movement", Tashkent state transport university (Uzbekistan)
Kamalov B.Sh.
Master, Tashkent State Transport University (Uzbekistan)
Abstract
The main purpose of the research is to identify the factors that negatively affect the performance of the wagon turnover, which is a key indicator of the quality of railway work. The article analyzes the methods of determining the time of wagon turnover. Execution of the indicator wagon turnover on the example of JSC "Uzbekistan Railways" for the period from 2015 to 2020, the analysis was carried out on the basis of its constituent elements. Factors influencing the timing of the wagon turnover were identified and the result was expressed in the form of "Ishikawi diagram". Measures to accelerate the wagon turnover were developed on the basis of the Hosin-Kanri principle.
Keywords: Wagon turnover, wagon working fleet, wagon turnover time, transportation process, factor.
Introduction
Wagon turnover is a general complex quality indicator of the work of railway transport, which reflects the results of technical, economic and organizational activities of all sections of the railway network [1-12]. It also assesses the quality of railway transport infrastructure and the use of fleet wagons [913, 16].
Wagon turnover can be determined for all wagons of the working fleet, either in general or in particular wagons and types of transport [1-6, 16]. This is important in determining the overall demand for a fleet of wagons to perform transportation. The shorter the turnaround time, i.e. the faster each wagon rotates, the more cargo can be transported by the wagons of the working fleet.
Therefore, one of the most pressing issues is to accelerate the timing of the wagon turnover, to improve the methods of its detection, to analyze and evaluate the level of performance and to identify measures affecting its implementation and develop measures to eliminate them in a timely manner.
Materials and methods
Many scientists have conducted research at various times to develop and improve methods for determining the time of wagon turnover. However, they used different parametric bases to determine the time of the wagon turnover. For example, in the work [1] the author proposed the following simple analytical formulas for finding the time of wagon turnover
a
n
wag. tur
U
Nwor
fr .wag
per day
(1)
here ltech — full flight of the wagon, km; 3s(
n jr.wag J 6wag.tur -y^-' Per day (2)
/ iU load iU rec. carg
here n — wagon working fleet, wagon-per day; U — working park work, wagon; NJ°W,ag — freight
wagons working fleet, wagon; ^ Uload average
daily number of wagons loaded by rail, wagon;
rec.carg — the number of freight wagons received
from adjacent railways, wagon.
The author [4] in general wagon turnover proposed to divide the time into 2 elements: 1) wagons on the territory of the railway; 2) wagons located in the territory of shippers.
tech
section speed of train movement, km/h; Ltech —
average distance between technical stations, km;
Kloc — local work rate; ttech, tcarg — the norm of
standing time at the technical and freight stations of the wagon, per day.
The first two parts
lteck &
V sec
+ ■
l
tech
L
■t,
tech
tech
the
a , = -1
wag.tur ^^
(
time of the wagons in the railway area, (Kloc • tcarg )
part of which is the time of the wagons in the consignor's territory.
The authors [2, 6] to the formula (3) in the study
tint.st. (time of stay at intermediate stations) formed the following formula by adding the element
heck __ l
teck ■ L h + K ■ t
teck loc carg
per day (3)
0
wag.tur
J_ 24
teck &
V sec
+
tech
L
tteck +
1
+ K ■ t
int.st. loc carg
tech
, per day
(4)
/
Author [3] In the study, the wagon turnover time was 3 mainelementthat is,
6wag.tur = troad + ttech + tcarg , PeF daY (5)
here troad — time spent on the road, h.
Author [5] noted that taking into account the 4 main elements in the calculation of the wagon turnover time, it is possible to achieve high efficiency in assessing the level of its implementation
21500
21000
S
o
M «
* 20500 ¿f
18500
6wag.tur = troad + ftech + ^ntst. + fcarg , Per daY (6)
The results of the research show that, although the main goal is to accurately determine the timing of the wagon turnover, scientists have different approaches.
The main purpose of the analysis of the performance of the indicator wagon turnover is to improve the operation of railway transport. Therefore, in this study, on the basis of statistical data of JSC "Uzbekistan Railways" [14], the level of performance of wagon turnover was analyzed (Fig. 1).
5,0
4,5 4,0 3,5
Î
3,0 ë h s
2,5 g
h 2,0 I
S
o
1,5 Sf £
1,0 0,5 0,0
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Average
I Wagons working fleet
Years
■ Total wagon turnover
■ Local wagon turnover
Figure 1. Wagon turnover performance graphs
The results of the analysis (Fig. 1) show that in 2017, the number of wagons working fleet increased, and from 2018, a decrease was observed. Wagon turnover time was analyzed for general and local wagons in the working fleet. As can be seen from the graph, since 2017 there has been an acceleration of
wagon turnover time, ie in 2020 compared to 2017, the total wagon turnover time decreased by 16,5%, and local wagon turnover time decreased by 9,1%.
In addition, the timing of the wagon turnover for 2020 was analyzed on the basis of its constituent elements (Fig. 2).
Figure 2. Elements that make up the wagon turnover time
Analysis of the performance of the wagon turnover by elements (Fig. 2) shows that the time of wagons at loading and unloading stations is 50% of the total time. This means that the largest share of wagon turnover time falls on the time spent on cargo operations.
Results and discussion
The main factors influencing the value of the indicator wagon turnover of railway stations, sections and loading areas are as follows [3, 5, 6, 13]:
- inability of some railway stations to transfer and transport wagons to loading and unloading points during the day;
- maintenance of a single shunting locomotive on several station and station tracks;
Time walking on the road
Compliance with the existing demand for the ability to conduct cargo Failure to follow the courtyards train movement chart
- violation of the terms of the freight train construction plan;
- increase in the duration of the process of assembling wagons on the tracks of the sorting station;
- exceeding the "window" time for the repair of infrastructure facilities or railway tracks;
- failure of trains on hauls to comply with the speed standards established for the section, etc.
According to the results of the analysis (Figures 1 and 2), the factors influencing the time of wagon turnover were divided into groups, namely: wagons traveling on the road; was determined by the time spent at intermediate stations and freight operations at non-recyclable and recyclable transit wagons at technical stations (Fig. 3).
Stand-by time in cargo operations
Fulfillment of the requirements of the "rules of technical use" on speeds in maniovr works
Increase-the degree improvement in the work of unloading
access road pickling groups movement pickling groups Not optimal control movement speed of dispatching
FACTORS AFFECTING THE TIME OF WAGON TURNOVER
Number of Service brigades
ailure to comply with the technological standard in the technical inspection of wagons
\ Wagon
/ turnover time
Processing times in sostav reception and dispatch
Stand-by time for non-recyclable transit wagons
Time to stand in the technical lines of recyclable transit wagons
Figure 3. Factors affecting the time oof wagon turnover results oof detection by "Isikavi diagram"
Such a description of the factors influencing the timing of the wagon turnover allows to determine the group to which each factor influencing its performance and assess their level of impact, as well as to achieve high efficiency in developing the necessary measures to eliminate it in a timely manner.
Development of measures to accelerate the wagon turnover. Acceleration of wagon turnover will play an important role in improving the work of railway transport. In particular, it emphasizes the need to use modern techniques and technologies in the organization and management of the transportation process. This, in turn, will increase the attention of customers, the competitiveness of the industry among other modes of transport and the quality of services provided, as well as increase the volume of freight transport, which is the most important priority in the work of railway transport in a new market economy.
Many scientists have also conducted research on the acceleration of wagon turnover [3 -6] and have come to the following conclusions: reduction of wagon travel time by optimizing the transportation plan; reduction of idle time of wagons; complex mechanization of loading and unloading operations; reduction of wagon downtime during freight operations; increase the speed of freight trains; improvement of all management systems in railway transport, etc. However, most scholars have not cited specific mechanisms for how to implement these measures.
Based on the results of the analysis and assessment of the level of completion of the wagon turnover (Figures 1 and 2) and the factors affecting it (Fig. 3), the necessary measures to accelerate it were developed.
Measures to accelerate the wagon turnover, ie the main directions, were developed by applying the Hosin-Kanri principle [15] (Fig. 4).
What?
Figure 4. The main directions of acceleration of wagon turnover
Through this developed mechanism (Fig. 4), it determines what measures need to be taken at each stage to accelerate the wagon turnover.
Conclusion
Wagon turnover is one of the complex indicators of the quality of railway transport. Its implementation will have a significant impact not only on the acceleration of Wagon turnover, but also on the performance of other important indicators of railway transport.
The analysis of the performance of the wagon turnover over the years, the timely identification of any factors that negatively affect its performance and the
development of rapid measures to eliminate them, allows you to effectively assess the work of railway transport and each participant.
The application of the proposed measures will reduce the downtime of wagons during freight operations and accelerate the turnover of working fleet wagons.
References
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tem / V.K. Buyanova, A.I. Smetanin, E.V. Arkhangelsk - M: Transport. - 1988. - 223 p.
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9. Butunov D.B. Modeling Of Unproductive Losses In The Operation Of A Sorting Station / D.B. Butunov, S.K. Khudayberganov, Sh.M. Suyunbayev // European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. USA, - 2020. - No. 2. - p. 6-19.
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losses in the operation of the sorting station / D.B. Butunov, A.G. Kotenko // Izvestiya PGUPS. - 2018. - No. 4. - p. 498-512.
11. Butunov D.B. Development of classification of the reasons of losses in the work sorting stations / D.B. Butunov, Sh.M. Suyunbaev // Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers. Tashkent, - 2019. - No. 2. - p. 167-175.
12. Butunov D.B. A study of the implementation of standards-time of wagons at sorting station / D.B. Butunov // Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers. Tashkent, - 2019. - No. 3. - p. 165-172.
13. Butunov D.B. Systematization of factors influencing during processing of wagons at the sorting station / D.B. Butunov, N.K. Aripov, A.M. Bashirova // Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers. Tashkent, - 2020. - No. 2. - p. 84-91.
14. www.stat.uz
15. Ono T. Toyota Production System. Moving away from mass production / Per. from eng. / 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - M.:, 2006 .-- 208 p.
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THE TURBOSHAFT ENGINE PERFORMANCE INVESTIGATION USING TWO-DIMENSIONAL
COMPRESSOR APPROACH
Boyko L.G.,
Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor Department of Aviation Engines Theory, NAU "KhAI", Kharkov, Ukraine Datsenko V.A. postgraduate student, Department of Aviation Engines Theory, NAU "KhAI", Kharkov, Ukraine
РАСЧЕТНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТУРБОВАЛЬНОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДВУМЕРНОГО ПОДХОДА К МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЮ КОМПРЕССОРА
Бойко Л.Г.,
доктор технических наук, профессор, кафедра теории авиационных двигателей, НА У «ХАИ», г. Харьков, Украина Даценко В.А. аспирант
кафедра теории авиационных двигателей, НА У «ХАИ», г. Харьков, Украина
Abstract
The results of mathematical modeling processes in the turboshaft gas turbine engine are presented. The using calculation method based on a high-level Gas Turbine Engine mathematical model, which is founded on a multistage axial compressor two-dimensional description. Presented are the processes in Gas Turbine Engine on stationary modes analysing results given in the article showed the used model advantage, reliability and expediency of its practical application.
Аннотация
Представлены результаты математического моделирования процессов в турбовальном газотурбинном двигателе с однокаскадным газогенератором. Для их получения использован метод расчета, основанный
