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4ц .J
ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
Nizamova S.A.
at Turin Polytechnic University academic lyceum teacher, .D.
Khasanova N.Kh.
EMU UNIVERSITY, assistant professor (independent researcher)
DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF EDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN THE TEACHING OF CHEMISTRY BASED ON A QUALITATIVE APPROACH
DOI: 10.31618/ESSA.2782-1994.2023.2.88.346 Abstract: Methods of determining and analyzing the improvement of educational efficiency in the teaching of chemistry based on the qualitative approach, methods of determining the teacher's professional skills and the student's readiness for the lesson through the evaluation criteria of the qualitative method are shown.
Key words: qualimetrics, qualimetric criteria, educational efficiency, professional skills.
Scheme 1. Methods of determining and analyzing the effectiveness of knowledge in chemistry based on
qualitative criteria
The results obtained from all the processes mentioned above are analyzed by means of the mathematical-statistical method, and the data are summarized and a general conclusion about the effectiveness of the pedagogical process is prepared. In science, the term "qualimetry" was first used in 1968
by G. G. It was proposed by a group of scientists led by Azgalov, who revealed the methodological commonality of methods of quantitative assessment of the quality of completely different objects
Emphasizing the importance of a qualitative approach in educational management, F.R.
Miftakhutdinova promotes the development of a new ideology of quality as fundamental knowledge as its main goal, that is, acquiring skills to regulate the level of quality, evaluate this level, and develop actions for the design and management of quality management systems.
In the famous pedagogue Ya.A.Komensky's work "Great didactics", the main didactic categories, the purpose of teaching, the content of education, control of knowledge, and the determination of the quality of the educational process are didactically based. The scientist introduced new terms and concepts to the science of pedagogy: "control and assessment of knowledge", "examination","coUoquium", "dictation" etc. were introduce. In the research work, knowledge control was used: current, intermediate, final control, solving problems and examples based on the topic, completing didactic tasks, performing practical training and laboratory work, completing test tasks based on topics, and exams at the end of the year. Among the scientists of our country, J.O. Tolipova, A.B. Toraev in their teaching manuals called "Pedagogical Qualimetry" and S.A. Nizamova in their monograph called "Methodology of analysis based on the qualitative approach using multimedia technology to improve the effectiveness of chemistry teaching". N.A. Muslimov in the educational and methodological manual called "Innovative educational technologies"Since qualimetrics is a field of scientific knowledge that studies the methodology and problems of the comprehensive development of the quality of any subjects, and in some cases studies systematic quantitative evaluations, it has been shown that it is necessary to clearly understand the relationship between the qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the educational process, and quantity and quality appear as separate things only in abstraction. will be, in fact, they exist in an inseparable unit, in which this quality is changed, changing with the change of quantity and individual insignificant properties, while their important properties are preserved" [ ] Below is the method of determining educational efficiency through qualitative criteria[Scheme 1]
Chemistry teachers can use the following methods of pedagogical qualimetry to assess their professional pedagogical training, professional competence and self-evaluation, and to determine the quality of students' acquired knowledge: 1. Expertise method, 2. Observation and analysis of the pedagogical process, 3. Survey-questionnaire questions .4. Interview method 5. Test assignments, 6. Mathematical-statistical analysis and 7. Generalization.
In this process, the legal and regulatory documents of the organization of the educational process in general secondary schools, the didactic and methodical support of the training courses, the material and technical base are analyzed and examined by means of the expert method. After the examination of the above-mentioned documents, the pedagogical process organized in secondary schools will be observed and analyzed. In order to determine the effectiveness of the educational process, a
questionnaire covering certain issues will be conducted.
The results of the survey are analyzed, the shortcomings are identified and recommendations are prepared for their elimination. In order to determine the acquired knowledge, skills and qualifications of chemistry students in the educational process, a test is conducted and the obtained results are analyzed and the effectiveness of the pedagogical process is determined. In order to determine the acquired knowledge, skills and qualifications of students in chemistry subjects, an interview will be held and the results will be analyzed.
After the examination of the above-mentioned documents, the pedagogical process organized in secondary schools will be observed and analyzed. In order to determine the effectiveness of the educational process, a questionnaire covering certain issues will be conducted among students.Below are examples of some of the qualitative methods.Chemistry in general secondary schools by means of expertise method legal and regulatory documents in the teaching of science: the availability and quality of the approved working curriculum for science, the text of lectures (educational-methodical complex, science syllabus, set of assignments for practical training); Availability of distribution and didactic tools for the use of innovative and information technologies; Availability of slides, animations, educational and video films and electronic textbooks for presentations on topics in the educational process; the consistency of the content of the topics covered in the educational process organized at the school with the current, interim control work, practical, laboratory training and the availability of information; Indicators of the difficulty level of control tasks prepared for the current, intermediate and final control of students are determined.
In the method of observation and analysis of the pedagogical process: observation and analysis of the teacher's educational methodical preparation for conducting classes; monitoring and analysis of training sessions - current control; monitoring and analysis of the order in which interim control works are carried out; observing and analyzing the order in which laboratory experiments and practical exercises are conducted:
Questionnaire-questionnaire-questionnaire-psychological introduction: student's name and surname; how many children do you have in the family; how you plan your day; what profession do you want to have in the future and what benefit will you have for the development of our country in life; which season do you like and why; if you are depressed in life, how do you get out of the situation, who do you ask for first aid; Which subject do you like best and why? what science is chemistry and what it teaches; are you aware of any profession in addition to learning; complete the reaction, balance the equation, determine the sum of the coefficients: a)Al+Cl2= b)P+O2= v)BaCl2+H2SO4= g)Cu+HNOs=
The results of the survey will be analyzed, the shortcomings will be identified and recommendations will be made for their elimination.
During the educational process, a test is conducted to determine the acquired knowledge, skills and qualifications of students in chemistry, and the results are analyzed to determine the effectiveness of the pedagogical process. In order to determine the acquired knowledge, skills and qualifications of students in chemistry subjects, an interview will be held and the results will be analyzed. The results obtained from all the processes mentioned above are analyzed by means of the mathematical-statistical method, and the data are summarized and a general conclusion about the effectiveness of the pedagogical process is prepared.It is shown in the literature to determine the teaching-methodical preparation of the chemistry teacher in conducting classes and the efficiency in education through skill criteria; to observe, analyze and determine the efficiency coefficient of chemistry lecture training through skill criteria; to observe, analyze and determine the efficiency coefficient of chemistry laboratory training through skill criteria; It was shown that the quality of education can be determined by the following simple formula: Kj = Pjn /Pje x100%.
In this formula: Kj-qualimetric quality indicator coefficient in education
Pjn-number of grades obtained (calculated separately for 5,4,3,2)
Pje-total number of students Expected result using these methods: - determination of students' opportunities to acquire knowledge, skills, skills and competences, their needs and level of mastery based on the requirements set by DTS in chemistry;
- in accordance with the obtained results, it is possible to prepare recommendations regarding the implementation of an individual approach to teachers and students.
The effectiveness of education during the chemistry lesson was determined based on the following qualitative criteria
List of used literature:
1 Azgalov. O kvalemetrii-M, Izdatelstva standartov 1973 g. -172 p.
2. Arkaeva R.P. Kvalimetricheskie podkhody upravleniya kachestvom obrazovaniya studentsov. -M., 2013. Publishing center. 196 p
3. Sergeeva V.P. Osnovy upravleniya pedagogicheskimi system. Uchebno-methodicheskoe posobie. - M. Moskovskoe gorodskoe obshestvo 1999. - 93 p
4. Inamov D.D. Active questions of contemporary pedagogy. IV International Conference. - Ufa, 2013. S. 160-162
5. Nizamova S.A. Monograph "Methodology of analysis based on the qualitative approach using multimedia technology to improve the effectiveness of chemistry teaching"-Tashkent. 2023y 236 pages.
6. Tolipova J, Toraev. A.B Pedagogical Qualimetry. Instructional manual. Science Publishing House. - Tashkent, 2018. Page 218. Pages 32-40;
7. Muslimov. N.A. "Innovative educational technologies". Instructional manual. - Tashkent 2015. -Page 208. And based on other sources.
