CC BY
2
UDK 631. 315. 4.
Khamroyev G'i.F. assistant of the Department SXMIM Ro'ziqulov Qadam I assistant of the Department SXMIM Umedova U., master Khamroyev I.F. student Nabiyev O. student
Tashkent irrigation and agriculture Bukhara branch
of the Institute of Engineers
DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVICE FOR SMOOTHING THE SURFACE LAYER OF SOIL IN BUKHARA REGION
Annotation: The device is equipped with a new smoothing-condensing device, a linear softener, which is recommended for improving the structure of the Earth and for application on land where there is a particularly freshly mastered layer of gypsum that is irrigated in desert areas, and the technique and technology of loosening gypsum soils and simultaneous use of a smoothing-condensing device have been developed.
Key words: Borona, chisel, triscillator, compactor, softener, soil surface layer, wind erosion, gypsum layer, sediment.
The fight against wind erosion, maintaining the moisture of the soil leveling the lands before the autumn salt washing - condensation is considered one of the most important agrotechnical measures. The timely quality of this agrotechnical event gives a good economic effect. The existing threaded borana and behind it are used special gaskets made of wood or metal. The linear softener, which is recommended for use in irrigated areas of desert areas, especially in areas where there is a newly mastered layer of gypsum, is equipped with a new smoothing-condensing device, the technique and technology of loosening gypsum soils and the simultaneous use of a smoothing-condensing device have not been developed in accordance with scientific-based recommendations for exactly Existing smoothing-condensing devices have been used mainly in the preparation of lands for spring planting in cotton growing. Available gear boron is designed for field surface to work on the front cover, additive sintering, oghz burying, surface leveling of field bet, weeds removal, boronation of grain crops planted in autumn, crushing of cuttings. The boron zvenosi consists of four longitudinal and five transverse planks, in which the teeth are fixed at their cross-section. In order for each tooth to work independently, that is, they do not follow in the footsteps of each other, they are located in ramada ilonizisim on broken lines. The working
bodies of the threaded boron are composed of solid steel teeth with a cross-section in the form of a square and a circle, a rhombus, a triangle and a right angle, and the lower end of the teeth is sharpened [1]. The drawback is that they are used as a separate device, the JuD has a lot of metal capacity with large billet sizes, and the quality of work is not so high.
Therefore, the recommended device is a device for softening gypsum soils in desert areas with a special technology, and the device for processing the soil surface layer with a smoothing-condensing device, and recommendations for its application should be developed on a scientific basis. For this purpose, the above recommended parameters are scientifically based and passed successfully tested in production, the new recommendation for a fully linear softener technique based on the constructive structure, the installation on the back of the Ram is convenient, light exploitative and workable the existing incisors in the surface layer of the soil crushing and loosening it with threaded work bodies up to 5-7, it is recommended to apply for the purpose of smoothing-scratching the lands before storing moisture or autumn saline in accordance with the requirements for lands. This smoothing-tightening device was first recommended for a linear smoothing device. The structure of the smoothing-condenser device for smoothing the surface layer of the soil and simultaneously maintaining moisture is very simple coverage width greater than 5 cm from two sides of the rama width IE linear softener for a case where the working body is 2,9 m based on parameters and the coverage width of the Raman was recommended to [2].
For the purpose of preparation of the recommended smoothing-tightening device, the parameters and dimensions were selected from standard Swedes. Considering the dimensions of the Swedes in Table 22-Order Number, weight 21 kg pagon m, width of the machining surface b=220 mm, height h=82 mm, thickness of the machining Part d=5,4 mm and thickness of the height t=9,5 mm cross-sectional Surface S=26,7 cm2, data value on x-x axis Jx=2110 cm4, Wx=192 cm3,=151 CM4, Wu=25,1 cm3, consisting of iu=2,37 CM and z0=2,21 CM dimensions, the Swedes are adopted in two rows, the height of the chess layout is 5-7 cm sharp-ended and wedge-shaped in the form of a softening column in the enclosure. With the help of Sverlo, for the installation of the pillars of the Swedes are pierced in a chess layout, and with the help of special sharpeners, 6 angular shapes are formed at the specified depth. In the upper masking part of the holes and usunchas adapted to 19 Klyuch in diameter, M2 rezba was opened and she was dressed in a sheepskin with a braid and adapted to maximization of the Swedes. This was prepared in this order so that the small risers were able to be replaced when they came out of work. In the process of processing at the balance of the columns h3 is prepared and inserted into the shveller by making 6 facets so that it does not turn loose at the height M2 the rezba is opened and fastened to the shveller with the help of a nut with 19 klyuch. Work columns 1,3,5-57 units are located in the first row in the front row, their number is 28 units and 2,4,6,8-58 units in the back row 30 units, the total number of work columns installed in both
rows is 58 units. Such smoothing-the total cross-coverage of the condenser b=220 mm; the distance from the front edge of the riser-condenser to the center of the installation b1=40 mm; the cross-positioning interval of the front and rear risers b2=140 mm; dense b3=40 mm from the rear edge of the stapler of the rear risers to their positioning scissors. From the Cross-location range of the risers, small root residues and incisions are clogged. If the above range is greater than the cross-section crushing will worsen its properties, such as dandifying the soil and maintaining moisture. The most optimal location is the orifice 50-60 mm, the location of the work posts in this comb reduces their clogging with Root residues, large incisions, increases the fragmentation of the incisions, improves the density of the surface layer and prevents the rapid evaporation of moisture from the soil and the ability to retain moisture in the soil enhances [3].
1-picture. A straightener for a linear softener is a device of a stapler. hi-height of the lower sharp end of the softener column, m; h2-max height of the softener column with the help of a resplendent birkma to the Ram of the condenser, m; h-height in the form of a wedge on both sides of the riser, m; processing side width of TB - softener column, m; processing thickness width of tu - softener column, m; 1-softener column. 58 PCs diameter M2 rezbali Bolt column; 2-flatbed-stapler; 3-maxkamlovchm fixture; 4-Hammers; 5-fastener.
This device is designed mainly for softening gypsum floors and smoothing the surface layer of the soil-condensation, the technology of its application is not so complicated. It is mounted on a special device, which is designed for easy installation of a smoothing-tightening device through a steel (1,0-1,5 m) rope, not longer than three places on the back of the Ram of the linear softener (CHRX-7-40) installed on the Magnum tractors. Depending on the structure of the soil and depending on the requirement for densification of the soil can be loaded with special loads on the shveller, the loads can be fastened or fixed through a bolt by opening special holes, taking into account that the work process is carried out qualitatively and does not fall.
2-picture. Equipped with a device that smooths the surface layer of the soil-condenser, a schematic view of a linear softener. a) view the device from the side. C) view from the top [4].
After this, the advantage of this method is the softening of the plaster soil layer, the longitudinal and transverse processing of the work process and the densification of the soil from the top. While the existing technique is limited only to rolling the plaster layer on
the basis of special technology, the use of the new recommended smoothing -tightening device does not differ much from the technique and technology before, but its cost-effectiveness has been proved to be much higher. In this order, if its parameters are scientifically based erengiyaresurstejamkor linear softening equipped with an additional smoothing-condensing work weapon and used for purposes of combating wind erosion or wet storage, technological work productivity in the process of softening gypsum soils is further improved, the land reclamation situation is improved, wet storage work is carried out and the work efficiency of application of this technique and
Conclusion: While the existing technique is limited only to rolling the plaster layer on the basis of special technology, the use of the new recommended smoothing - tightening device does not differ much from the technique and technology before, but its cost-effectiveness has been proved to be much higher. The effectiveness of the application of this technique and technology is achieved by increasing it by 10-12%.
References:
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3. ^амроев Еиёсжон Файзулло угли, Тураев Саидали Сохдб угли. ЭФФИСИЕНТ УСЕ ОФ ПРЕПАРАТИОН АГГРЕГАТЕС ФОР ПЛАНТИНГ ЛАНДС ИН А СИНГЛЕ ПАСС w^r; А СТРАИЩТЕНИНГ ТОРСИОН WОРК // МАТЕР1АЛИ М1ЖНАРОДНО1 НАУКОВО1 КОНФЕРЕНЦП. (Т. 1), 12 червня, 2020 рк. КиХв, УкраХна: МЦНД. - c. 119-121.
3. Nurov H., Khamroev G. F., Sirozhev Zh. , Zainiev O., Mardonov M., ADVANTAGES OF the technology OF application of universal sowing MACHINES IN the BUKHARA REGION // Path of science international scientific journal. - 2019 - №. 12(70). - c. 62-63.
4. Х Нуров, ГФ Хамроев, Ж Сирожев, О Зайниев, М Мардонов, С Асадов ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПОСЕВНЫХ МАШИН УНИВЕРСАЛ В БУХАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ // The Way of Science. 2019. № 12 (70). Vol. II. - c. 62-64.
