CC BY
14
Section 11. Medicine
Berlov Anton Vladimirovich, doctor, of medical Science, professor, of dentistry faculty of the institute of medical and social technologies.
Rybalchenko Igor Alexandrovitch, Chief Medical Director of Dental Clinic "President"
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DENTAL PROSTHESIS WITH FULLY REMOVABLE DENTURES: REDUCTION OF ATROPHIC CHANGES AND HYPEREMIA OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES
Abstract: Currently, dental prosthetic is one of the most popular services. Removable denture prosthesis is one of these services. The article examines influence of denture basis, made of two different types of modern plastics, on atrophic changes in denture-supporting tissues and microcirculatory flow of prosthetic bed mucosa. Presently, the market of dental services offers a wide range of removable dentures made of different types of plastic. It is not uncommon even for an experienced dentist to have difficulties deciding what kind of removable denture to choose due to a variety of parameters that can be recommended to a patient. As we know, a removable denture causes heavy irritation of mucous membrane, as well as other tissues of prosthetic bed. It can cause other negative effects; among them the most important are toxic, haptic, temperature and mechanical irritants. Therefore, this article purpose is to allow dentists to better understand the materials present on the market of dental services and to apply them in everyday practice without affecting the health of the patients.
Keywords: Removable denture prosthetics, plastic types, atrophic changes, mucous membrane, bone tissue, microcirculation of gingiva.
Currently, dental prosthetic is one of the most popular services. Removable denture prosthesis is one of these services.
Presently, the market of dental services offers a wide range of removable dentures made of different types of plastic. It is not uncommon even for an experienced dentist to have difficulties deciding what kind of removable denture to choose due to a variety of parameters that can be recommended to a patient.
As we know, a removable denture causes heavy irritation of mucous membrane, as well as other tissues of prosthetic bed. It can cause other negative effects; among them the most
important are toxic, haptic, temperature and mechanical irritants.
The purpose of this article is examination of influence of denture basis, made of two different types of modern plastics, on atrophic changes in denture-supporting tissues and micro-circulatory flow of prosthetic bed mucosa.
80 patients with complete absence of teeth with different degree atrophy of alveolar ridge were examined and treated.
In Group I, upper and lower jaw dentures were made (ny-lon/silicone). Thin and flexible construction makes it most convenient to use.
Figure 1. Nylon/silicone denture In Group II, dentures were made from an improved acrylic plastic (Acry-free) containing no methyl methacrylate monomer. Acrylic plastic dentures have significantly less flexibility than that of nylon dentals
DENTAL PROSTHESIS WITH FULLY REMOVABLE DENTURES: REDUCTION OF ATROPHIC CHANGES AND HYPEREMIA OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES
Figure 2. Acry-free Denture
At the beginning of the prosthesis, gypsum control models were made on the basis of dental records, made with polyester impression materials. Models were cast from heavy-duty gypsum. After 12 months of denture usage, for the follow-up examination, new dental records were made and new gypsum models were cast. To determine the course of atrophic changes in the denture-supporting tissues and prosthetic bed mucosa, the height of the alveolar ridges was measured on the control models of the upper and lower jaws. Since atrophic changes almost do not affect the sutura palatina mediana, we used it as the starting lower reference point. The measurements obtained at 12 points of the upper jaw and 12 points of the lower jaw in the models showed following average results: in the upper jaw, in Group I before denture delivery, the height was approximately - 8.76, in Group II - 8.67.
After 12 months, the following results were obtained: Group I - 7.80, Group II - 8.12; lower jaw before denture delivery, Group I - 7. 68, Group II - 7.82.
After 12 months, lower jaw: Group I - 6.70, Group II -6.75.
Consequently, the decrease in the height of the alveolar ridge in the first case was, 0.96 mm for the upper jaw, 1.16 mm for the lower jaw. (Nylon/silicone).
In the second case, 0.55 mm for the upper jaw, 1.07 mm for the lower jaw (Acry-free).
The acquired data allows for the conclusion, that atrophic changes in the denture-supporting tissues and prosthetic bed mucosa have maximal pronouncement under dentures made of advance translucent materials (Nylon/silicone).
With regard to the examination of microcirculation of gingiva, which reflects the functional state of the mucous membrane with complete loss of teeth before and after denture delivery with fully removable dentures, we performed a clinical and function study and obtained the following results: patients with dentures made with the use of improved acrylic plastic (Acry-free), require less muscular effort to handle food and reduces the time of pressure on the alveolar processes. In addition, the patients can easily shift the chewing pressure. While the users of prostheses of softer plastic dentures (Nylon / silicone), suffered increased muscular load and pressure on the alveolar ridges, which lead to reduction of the number of capillaries and insignificant hyperemia of the mucosa.
Conclusion: from all has been said it follows that the use of harder plastics in removable dental prosthetic slows down the processes of atrophy of hard tissues and hyperemia of the mucous membrane on the upper and lower jaw of patients.
