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DEALING WITH CLASHES OF CULTURE
Komilova Nargiza Shahobiddinovna
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Opinions on intercultural conflict in the article, intercultural collationnung consequences, the impact of intercultural collusion on language learning, the formation of one's own culture through language learning, the improvement of human qualities, the development of other folk culture it is illuminated by understanding that it can have the qualities of tolerance that are important in the present
Keywords: language, culture, language teaching and learning, intercultural conflict , culture cycle, Ethnology, psychological culture
Мнения о межкультурном конфликте в статье, последствиях межкультурного сопоставления, влиянии межкультурного сговора на изучение языка, формирование собственной культуры через изучение языка, улучшение человеческих качеств, развитие другой народной культуры освещается пониманием того, что это может обладать качествами толерантности, которые важны в настоящем
Ключевые слова: язык, культура, преподавание и изучение языков, межкультурный конфликт, культурный цикл, этнология, психологическая культура.
Relevance of the topic: the word "culture" means different meanings in different disciplines and in life, as part of our first socialization, through culture, each of us learns ways to communicate, Act, Think, use objects and tools in the world. This article covers issues such as language, culture, typology of cultures, types of communication, oral communication, culture adaptation, cross-cultural barriers and conflicts. The issues of ligvoculturology, currently associated with the concept of language and culture, which are the focus of all in the science of linguistics are being researched by most scientists, but have not found a solution. This is the same issue of our article - it is noteworthy that a new field of linguistics is focused on its cross -cultural attitude in the process of teaching a foreign language.
АННОТАЦИЯ
INTRODUCTION
Language is a map of culture. He tells us about the history and future of the nation speaks.
(R.M.Brown).
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LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
Teachers not only need to present and describe to their students how intercultural communication occurs, but also apply practical tools such as games or simulations that can be done in intercultural communication. Intercultural and interpersonal (mutual) effective communication cannot be achieved without sufficient understanding of them. The purpose of learning a foreign language in conjunction with culture is as follows:
- analysis of communication issues with a focus mainly on language and culture from making it easier to communicate between different cultures and consists of preventing collisions. The concepts of language and culture are interrelated and not separated from each other, since the language itself is culture. Teaching culture allows students to enhance people's lifestyles, views, beliefs and values, and knowledge of language skills. Evidence suggests that if teachers promote the concept of culture to the language teaching method, students may succeed in language learning, meaning that students will have all the necessary resources about the languages they are learning, not just by language. After all culture is a concept that arose before the emergence of language.
The term " culture weave "was coined by Albert Camus in 1946, Girilal Jain in 1988, Bernard Lewis in his 1990 article" The Roots of Muslim rage " and Mahdi El Mandjra in one of his books in 1992. The term also appears in Basil Mathews ' book "Young Islam on Trek: a Study in the Clash of Civilizations" published in 1926. Clash of cultures historical phenomenon in the past world history has consisted mainly of disputes between monarchs, peoples and ideologies. But with the end of the wars of various conflicts, a new era in world politics began. During this period, cultures other than Western cultures were not limited by exploitation to the adoption of Western culture, but became an additional force that played an important role in the formation of world history.[1]
Nowadays, many developed nations repeatedly call for the role of "culture" as they struggle to understand their increasingly diverse and divided worlds. Given the demographic changes, cultural interactions and hybridization and changing power dynamics that developed countries face every day, scientists are using cultural psychology to clarify these issues. Cultural psychology explains this process easily with the culture cycle.
Different cultures can be mapped and analyzed using the culture cycle. Culture can be geographically based and focus on familiar differences—for example, East and West or Global North and Global South - but it also includes other differences such as social class or socioeconomic status; race, ethnicity or tribe; gender and
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sexuality; country, state or urban region; religion; occupation, workplace or organization; generation; or immigration status. A "culture" or "cultural context" can serve as a label for any important (i.e. socially meaningful) categories associated with a set of general ideas, practices, and products that compose and regulate behavior. Since culture and psychology are mutually organized, one way to change consciousness and behavior is to change culture, just as one way to change culture is to change consciousness and behavior.[2]
Using the culture cycle to understand cultural conflicts and catalyze change. We propose to address current culture conflicts and divisions through more inclusive, equal and effective institutions and practices. At the heart of the most relevant cultural conflicts and divisions today lies the widespread process of devaluing a group that, unlike a stronger or dominant group, is not so strong or dominant.
Scholars interpret the term" culture " from different perspectives. Edward Hall culture is defined as "the way of life of people, the behavior learned by them, the sum of samples of relations and material goods" [E.Hall, 1971: 235].
S.Schulz describes culture as follows: "culture general in order to help people understand life and themselves includes the knowledge and beliefs of a group of people with habits. All humans have a similar knowledge of ongosti, while humans are considered to be connoisseurs of their own language" [s.Shuls, 2003: 32]. K.M.Schmitt and E.According to Fer's opinion, culture is" the sum of what a person must perceive and do with the aim of behaving like any other person in a given environment and doing it every now and then " [K.M.Schmitt, E.Fer, 1999: 819].
P.Newmark notes that culture "as a means of representing a particular language the way of life inherent in the society used and its manifestation" [P.Newmark, 1998: 94] can be described in the context. Thus, culture is the only symbol or complex of characteristics of any country that differentiates people according to history, traditions and values. Culture plays a significant role in human life and in the development of society[3].
From the sentences presented, it is clear that the concepts of culture and language are side by side and are integral concepts. Hence, in the teaching and learning of languages teaching culture, taking into account Customs and traditions is one of the main requirements.
As we all know, the study of foreign languages in the current period is recognized not only as a personal need, but also as a phenomenon of universal significance. Knowledge of the language does not mean that it is able to enter into full communication with representatives of the people who speak the same language. Because, as we have already noted, language and culture, the traditions of the people,
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the Daily way of life have a great influence on the study of language, speaking the language and understanding the language. In this process, the formation of intercultural dialogue is an important factor in the focus on the study of present-day languages.[4]
In the formation of intercultural communication, each person has a special social and it is necessary to take into account that it has psychological characteristics. These traits, in contrast," only manifest themselves through comparison, and there must be a cultural connection to make this comparison possible " [Azzi and Klein, 1998: 77]. Cultural communication serves to demonstrate that each individual is unique and at the same time similar to other individuals, representatives of other nationalities, and through it, a person determines his position and place in society. Through language learning, an individual can form their own culture, improve their human qualities, acquire the qualities of tolerance that are important in the present by understanding the culture of another people. Research on the positive and negative effects of intercultural communication on personality began in the 60s of the last century by American Scientists. In order to properly carry out the initiation of dialogue, one can not only compare one's culture with that of another people, but also share the similarities and differences of that culture, its beauty and its coarseness, its closeness and its own it is also important to define proportionality between the distance from the culture. The research of the French sociologist Carmel Camillieri emphasizes the need to focus on exactly these aspects in the process of intercultural dialogue.
Taking into account the listed factors above, we can say that the edge the study of languages it is an existing barrier between humans and different nations and it also serves to eliminate borders, ensure that all representatives of the people living on Earth correctly understand each other, live in harmony and mutual compromise. For this reason, teaching and learning English requires recognizing that the customs of the peoples living in all English-speaking countries are diverse, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, while learning French requires that the cultures of French culture, Canada, and African states differ from each other to the fullest. In the formation of intercultural communication in teaching a foreign language emphasis is placed on the concept of" intercultural competence". Through the term the complex of social skills and abilities of a person is understood and its with the help of which the individual carries out successful communication with representatives of other cultures, both in the process of socio-domestic and professional interaction. The formation of intercultural communication is associated with the understanding and acceptance of culturally specific stereotypical forms of representatives of other
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cultures, the process of individual development is understood, which leads to a change in the personality's own behavior.[5]
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Teaching intercultural communication is seen as a process consisting of several stages aimed at mastering the following skills :
1. understanding the cultural specificity of human behavior (understanding culture);
2. awareness of the system of stereotypes inherent in one's culture (self realize
3. understanding the importance of cultural factors in the process of entering into dialogue (awareness of the clash of cultures).
To achieve this goal, work as a group in the language learning process, which can be met in everyday life through various exercises and role-playing games situations arise. In addition, Ethnology and cultural also from the method of autobiographical statement, which is common in anthropology used: coach and language learners with intercultural conflicts related speak their own life experiences, in which they comment that they feel the bed of a different culture, even experiencing a "cultural shock". Such episodes come in handy to describe the problems of intercultural communication as they are vital. Such methods allow them to enter the state and try and feel themselves in intercultural conflicts. The anthropological method of restoring this" real life situation " E. It was used by Hall to practice intercultural conflicts in the learning process. In place of the conclusion, it is worth noting that language, as a social phenomenon, makes it possible to establish communication between people, achieve spiritual elevation, socio-economic achievements. As a result of these, language (as a phenomenon) facilitates the interaction, different relationships and, consequently, intercultural relations of different nations living in the same territory, and in this respect, the social importance of intercultural communication in the study of languages is great.
CONCLUSION
In place of the conclusion, I can say that this article is an attempt to focus on the relationship between language and culture,giving an idea of why teaching culture should be an integral part of a foreign language curriculum. An in-depth analysis of literature was aimed at contributing to a better understanding of culture and the significant aspects of its foreign language learning process. Language learning or teaching is aimed at developing communicative competence of students, which should not only be limited to knowledge and understanding of the grammatical, lexical and phonological features of the foreign language under study, but also deal
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with the study or teaching of the culture of that language.According to some scholars such as Politzer and Brusk, "language and culture are the same concepts".
REFERENCES
1. AZZI Assaad E. et KLEIN O. Psychologie sociale et relations intergroupes, Paris, Dunod. 1998.
2. Hall E. The Paradox of Culture // In the Name of Life. Essays in Honor of Erich Fromm. New York, 1971.
3. Юсупова, Ф. М. (2021). Об особенностях обучения русскому языку в условиях иного национального окружения. Academic research in educational sciences, 2(6), 1324-1329.
4. E.T. Hall. The silent language. - New York: Anchor Books, 1990.
5. Schultz S. Managing corporate communication: a cross-cultural approach. Macmillan International Higher Education, 2003.
6. K.M. Schmitt and E. Fehr. A theory of fairness, competition and cooperation. The quarterly journal of economics, 1999. - Volume 114. - № 3.
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8. Cohen, 2014; Markus va Conner, 2014; Gelfand va Kashima, 2016; Cohen va Kitayama, 2019.
9. Хасанова, Г. Х. (2018). Узбекистан, Япония ва Жанубий Корея касб-хунар таълими тизимларининг узига хос хусусиятлари. Современное образование (Узбекистан), (3), 23-29.
10. ХАСАНОВА, Г. Х. (2020). General and professional education systems of Uzbekistan and Japan: a comparative analysis. Иностранные языки в Узбекистане, (1), 83-97.
