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CURRENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MONGOLIA AND KAZAKHSTAN
Alpeissov Amirjan, Tulyeukhan Aigul L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University t.aika.55@mail.ru
This article is devoted to study the relationship between Mongolia and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The memorandum signed by the two states will be reflected. There are many agreements that will have numbers of positive effects. At present, the economy and the education are the main issues. Increasing the number of Kazakhstani educational grants for Kazakh youth in Mongolia is being considered. Thus, the Kazakh youth are given the opportunity to work as much as they like on the Kazakh land, to settle down. There are many opportunities today for the Kazakhs to travel to the Kazakh land, to travel, and to move to Bayan-Olgiy.
Key words: memorandum, agreement, diplomacy, cooperation, ambassador.
From the day the Republic of Kazakhstan proclaimed its independence in December 1991, much attention is paid to foreign policy. The parties established diplomatic, economic trade relations with neighboring countries. Mongolia is one of the first two-sided countries of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan's relations with this state start from ancient times.
During these 25 years, many agreements have been implemented and have greatly benefited from the cooperation of the states. Due to that cooperation, Mongolian people visit Kazakhstan move and exchange their traditions. The fact that the Kazakhs of Bayan-Olgiy are very popular both for Kazakhstan and Mongolia [1].
Today, we have achieved the result of bilateral cooperation. On the trade and economic side:
Trade turnover between Mongolia and Kazakhstan will be $ 77.9 million in 2016 (Exports to Mongolia - $ 77.1 million, import - $ 0.8 million). Basic export commodities in Mongolia include cigarettes (20.3%), sanitary and hygienic products (19.1%), detergents (12.6%), wheat or rye flour (7.8%), other foodstuffs, oil products (4.1%) and others. Basic imported goods from Mongolia: animal and vegetable products, textile and textile products, wood, wooden materials and pulp and paper products, etc.
Mongolia and Kazakhstan have an Intergovernmental Commission on Trade, Economic, Scientific, Technological and Cultural Cooperation (hereinafter - IGC). Sixth Meeting of the IGC 2014 May 26-27 in Ulan-Bator. Within the framework of the IGC meeting, a memorandum of air communication between the airline authorities was signed by representatives of the civil aviation of the two countries to open a direct flight between Mongolia and Kazakhstan. However, this decision was not implemented due to difficulties from the Russian side. At the moment, the two-way work is underway to implement a stalled decision [2].
About 10 agreements have been signed between Kazakhstan and Mongolia in the sphere of cultural and humanitarian cooperation. The best result of these agreements is their education. Under an agreement in the field of intergovernmental education, there is an annual exchange of students between universities of the two countries. The number of students coming to Kazakhstan annually increases with the exchange of students. This is also a sign of success.
On November 11-13, 2010, Astana hosted an event dedicated to the Days of Culture of Mongolia in Kazakhstan. On July 2-6, 2013 in Ulan-Bator held the III Congress of the Kazakhs in Mongolia within the framework of which a round table and a concert program on the vital issues of the Kazakh diaspora representatives were held. Relations between the Muslim spiritual organizations of the two countries are developing. The Agreement on Cooperation between the Muslim Board of Muslims of Kazakhstan and the Muslim Union of Mongolia was signed. Agreements on organization of advanced training courses for Kazakh Diaspora representatives were reached. In April 2014 the delegation of the Muslim Union of Mongolia arrived in Kazakhstan. The Memorandum of Understanding was signed during the visit. On April 25, 2015 in Ulan-Bator together with the Embassy with the participation of the Mongolian opera singer M.Tolkin the concert dedicated to the 170th anniversary of Abay and the books Abai were held. The Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Mongolia together with the Mongolian Academy presented the book "The Words" within the framework of the 170th anniversary of A.Kunanbayev. On May 15, 2015, the Embassy together with the Institute of International Relations at the Mongolian Academy of Sciences held a round table dedicated to the 550th anniversary of the Kazakh Khanate. The event was attended by scientists of al-Farabi KazNU, experts from research and educational institutions and expert centers of Mongolia. On June 12, 2015, the Embassy together with the Academy of Management under the Government of Mongolia organized a Round Table dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Mongolian academician and professor M.Shagdarsurin presented the book "Years and Ideas" of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.Nazarbayev, translated into Mongolian language during the round table. On December 24, 2016 the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the framework of the 25th anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan presented the book "Kazakhs of Mongolia".On March 19, 2017 in the Central Palace
of Culture of Ulan-Bator held a joint concert with the Mongolian party on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Kazakhstan and Mongolia and the Nauryz Holiday. On April 13, 2017 the delegation headed by Director of the Institute of International Relations at Mongolia's Academy of Sciences Zh.Bayasah visited Almaty and signed a memorandum of mutual cooperation with Al-Farabi Kazakh National University [3].
The following official visits were also facilitated by the development of political solidarity:
On May 26, 2015 the Kazakh delegation headed by First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan B.Sagintayev paid a visit to Mongolia. During the visit, he met with President of Mongolia T.Elbegdorj, Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea Chaikh Saanbeklegh and Vice Premier U. Khurelsukh. Agreements for the development of transport communications, education, and trade were signed during the meeting. On May 26, 2015 political consultations were held between foreign ministries of Kazakhstan and Mongolia with participation of the First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan R. Zhoshybayev. Following the results of the meeting the sides discussed the issues of cooperation between the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Mongolia in 2015-2016. a cooperation plan was signed. Prime Minister of Kazakhstan Karim Massimov paid a working visit to Mongolia within the 11th Summit of the Asia-Europe Forum (ASEM) held in Ulan Bator on July 15-16, 2016. During the visit he visited the Bayan-Ulgiy region of Kazakhstan. He was acquainted with the lifestyle of the local Kazakhs. In the same year, as a result of the heavy rainfall in the region, many homes have been flooded and have received special assistance from Kazakhstan for homeless people. Besides, within the framework of the previous summit, Karim Masimov met with the President of Mongolia T. Elbegdorj and the Prime Minister Zh.Erdenbat [4].
On the 28th of the current year Ulan Batyr held a briefing on the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the International Day Against Nuclear Tests on August 29.
At a ceremony attended by famous media representatives in Mongolia, Ambassador Kalybek Koblanin emphasized the importance of the Constitution in the development of the state, the strengthening of interaction between the civil society and the state, social and legal protection of the population.
Another important issue during the visit was the information on the International Day against Nuclear Tests announced on August 29 by the initiative of the President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev.
The Kazakhstani diplomacy noted that Mongolia is one of the more than 100 countries, such as Antarctica, Latin America, the South Pacific, Central Asia and
Africa, free of weapons in the world, and that this country is a country that pursues a global peacekeeping policy [5].
4-5 October 2018, the Trade-Economic Mission (Business Forum) with participation of Kazakh-Mongolian business community took place in Ulan-Bator.
In recent years, trade and economic cooperation between Kazakhstan and Mongolia has been intensively developing. The business community of the two countries is expanding their contacts in new areas and industries. Mongolia has great potential for development of cooperation in the field of infrastructure, agriculture, energy and pharmaceuticals.
Organizers of the event are the Chamber of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs "Atameken", the Ministry of Investment and Development, the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Mongolia and the National Chamber of Commerce of Mongolia.
Representatives of large enterprises producing processed products from Kazakhstan took part in it. It will be a great opportunity for businessmen of Kazakhstan and Mongolia to establish business relations and enter the market of friendly states [6].
At the Eastern Economic Forum in Vladivostok, Russia, on September 11-13, 2018, Mongolia met President H. Battulga at the International Conference Center with President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.Nazarbayev. During the meeting, the sides discussed some issues. She also expressed her gratitude for the new work of Astana and called on them to share their experiences on the project of the 'Maydar eco-city' project.
Meanwhile, the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, N. Nazarbayev, said that although the region is close, economic relations are bad. He wished to expand these relations. For example, work together when exporting meat to high-quality countries. In conclusion, the President of Kazakhstan proposed to visit Kazakhstan [7].
In addition, the event was held in Ulaanbaatar on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries. There were paintings and book fairs. Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia B. Battsetseg and Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Kazakhstan to Mongolia K.Coblandin made a speech at the opening ceremony and thanked the visitors for the fair. At the end of the event, he was awarded the Medal of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan for contribution to the two countries [8].
Kazakhstan and Mongolia have many plans for the future. There are projects of increasing the economic and trade orientation, increasing cultural events, and promoting bilateral tourism. In future, it is planned to double the trade .
It is planned to increase the number of quota students in Mongolia, to expand the scope of cultural cooperation. Relations between Kazakhstan and Mongolia are developing in all spheres. Thus, the signed agreements, which are in the framework of cooperation with respect to cooperation, are working to achieve even better success. In 2017, 25-year-old Mongolian President H. Battulga is convinced that diplomatic relations will be even better. This year we celebrated the 20th anniversary and sent a congratulatory letter to the President of Mongolia on the birthday of the Head of State [9].
Dear Guest! Mr. N.Nazarbayev: "I agree with you that there are great potential for further trade and economic cooperation. We are ready to continue to actively cooperate in the fields of agriculture and processing industry.
I wish you happiness and prosperity for the friendly people of Kazakhstan! "
References
1. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia http://www.mfa.gov.mn/
2. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan http://mfa.gov.kz/
3. Embassy of Mongolia in Kazakhstan http: // www astana-embassy.mn
4. Embassy of Kazakhstan in Mongolia http: // wwwhttp: //kaznews.mn/
5. The official website of the President of Mongolia http://www.president.mn
6. http://www.parliament.mn, a special website of the Parliament of Mongolia
