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Critical thinking of students on the basis of technology to improve the cognitive activity
Section 9. Pedagogical Psychology
Baizhumanova Bibianar Shaimerdenovna, Cand. of psychological sciences, docent of social and pedagogical department, Eurasian National University, Astana city. E-mail: bibianar.bayzhumanova.70@mail.ru Tuyakova Ulbosyn Zhusipovna, Masters in the specialty “Pedagogy and Psychology” Department of Social Pedagogy and self-knowledge, Aktobe Regional State University. K. Zhubanova, Aktobe city.
Ilyasova Nazym Maratovna, II year master student, “Psychology-050300", speciality of social and pedagogical department, Eurasian National University, Astana city.
E-mail: Ilyassovan@gmail.com
Critical thinking of students on the basis of technology to improve the cognitive activity
Abstract:
Aim: Critical thinking technology to increase students’ cognitive activity on the basis of open Method: theoretical analysis of the literature on the topic.
Conclusion: in line with the development of advanced technologies to improve the quality of education,, teaching critical thinking by changing the basis of the technology is familiar to the students on the basis of the results obtained, as well as unusual circumstances, problems, logical analysis of the personal and psychological point of view, the new to ask questions, to create a variety of evidence, an independent, you can develop a carefully thought-out decision-making capacity. The article describes the advantages and effectiveness of this technology.
Keywords: intellectual capacity, intellectual activity, critical thinking, technology, step-by-step process cycle, interest and understanding of the value of the reflection.
“Article 8 of the Law” On education, “the main project, is aimed at training future professional,
task of the education system — the introduction of new technologies, training, education, information, and communication networks,” he said, as well as the development of the Kazakhstani education system is one of the main objectives of the international success of the educational space In order to implement the integration of the issues at the current stage of each teacher’s task is to improve the quality of education and training in line with the change of the methodological development of advanced technologies.
At the moment, the trend in the field of education, the formation of the intellectual potential of the “Intelligent Nation 2020” Guided by the national
trained, educated person.
“Intelligent Nation 2020” The main idea of the project in Kazakhstan into a competitive human capital in the state, bringing a new formation in Kazakhstan.
The world’s economic and social success of the nation’s intellectual potential of the country in the space is a decisive competitive factor. Currently, the company is smart, competent, creative thinking, an own intellectual members of society need to be able to control the behavior of the person.
Intellectual potential, which is first and foremost an intellectual resource base of the company is the system of continuous education, and all kinds
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Section 9. Pedagogical Psychology
of intellectual subjects of science, education, integrative concept combines innovation.
Developed intellectual, psychological and philosophical basis of the methodological basis for the development of the individual actions, is the theory of knowledge management rules.
Knowledge of psychological theory of cognitive processes, the mechanism of the development of the intellect, as a subject of the student’s cognitive activity, intellectual and creative abilities opens.
No matter what time, an individual’s thoughts and opinions on the formation of thinkers and scientists, the general public really interested in. Perfection in the formation of personality, intelligence and responsible for the high society deserve to contribute to the education of young people is one of the science of psychology.
Personal development of the potential of the younger generation of psychological science, the opening of its properties, to encourage creative activity and cognitive behavior compatible with the accuracy of the focused on the formation of a fully developed person.
Consequently, the realization of the full potential of the human personality is reflected on the basis of intelligence.
If so, According to scientific research, provided the basis for the modern understanding of the science of psychology intelligence three:
1. biological reasons: “the ability to adapt to the new state of consciousness”;
2. pedagogical reasons: “the ability to read, to learn”;
3. The formulation of a framework for A. Binenin intelligence “means the ability to adapt to the goal”. Depend on the judgment of the intellect is a different set of skills. Defines a set of cognitive processes and intellect.
“Intelligence is the development of better living conditions, rational thinking, and the ability to act wisely scale” (Wexler), considered as the ability to adapt to the environment of the human intellect.
Many researchers have come to the conclusion that the overall level of intellectual activity coefficients for the individual. Spirmen “the power of his mind remain unchanged,” he said.
3. Freud “mental strength” introduced the term, the result of the concept of G-factor (General) is a mental activity in the general fund has emerged as
A. F. Lazwrskiy activity on three main levels:
1. The lower level. Not tailored to the individual, the person presses a mentally weak.
2. The average level. Well adapted to the environment, take place in accordance with the internal psychological reality.
3. Level: characterized by the creation of an attempt to re-create the environment.
Also, for the decision of the diagnosis and evaluation of the intelligence factor intellectual tests, D. Ravennin “Progressive Matrices” test, Kettel-din intelligence test.
Terstown to study different aspects of the general intelligence, called the possibility of the first in their mind. Noted that seven of the features:
1) the ability to calculate, that is, the ability to create a variety of operational and arithmetic operations on numbers;
2) verbal (verbal) skills, that’s easy to explain using the appropriate words at the right time;
3) verbal, that is, the ability to understand spoken and written language;
4) orientation in space, or the ability to imagine different things and forms kegistikte;
5) memory;
6) the ability of reasoning;
7) images and the speed of adoption of the similarities or differences between the substances.
The above-mentioned development of the intellectual abilities of the studies noted the importance of the role of science in psychology. The evidence is in the opinion of the Albert Einstein said Jean Piajege: “I much harder than your physical and psychological, as well as the relations civilization of the XXI century must be the century of psychology”.
“Psychology” teaching-learning process of optimizing the use of the optimal method will provide the basis to achieve the desired level of quality of education. “Psychology” through training courses and other innovative approaches to the subject of interaction and integration. To promote the use of specialists in the field of education and research in practice is that there are a lot of technologies, one of them critical thinking technology.
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Critical thinking of students on the basis of technology to improve the cognitive activity
Critical word composed of two Greek words: “kritike” analysis, discussion, dialogue and art “kri-terion” — a tool for understanding.
Technology for the development of critical thinking of the teachers of cooperation with scientists from all over the world. How can he think? as a method of teaching that the answer to the question in the 90s of the 20th century, American scientists K. Meredit Q.Templ, presented by Dj.Stil. In relation to the information provided by the authors of the project in many ways, group, organization of the working class in a variety of question types, active learning, methods of graphic material that “key words”.
The purpose of this educational technology — not only to read, but also to live a normal life (the real decision-making skills, ability to work with information and analysis of the various aspects of the event, etc.) necessary to develop students’ thinking skills.
Critical thinking is the usual results, as well as unusual circumstances, problems, logical and personal information and the ability to analyze the psychological point of view. This new questions, to create a variety of evidence, independent and well thought-out decision-making ability.
The National Council for the development of critical thinking offers the following definition: “to understand the value of critical thinking, analysis, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, caused by the formation of an opinion or evaluation or analysis of the information received from the organized active in the output of the process”.
“Critical”, the notion of “critical” is not synonymous with the concept of evaluation component. “We think the critical platform, we appreciate the outcome of the processes of thinking — as far as our decisions or how much we were able to successfully perform the tasks correctly. Critical thinking as well as our understanding of the process that led to the conclusion or decision-making process includes an assessment of the factors that we take into account the thinking process” — explains D. Xalpern
Critical thinking:
— A positive experience for all of the people.
— Self-responsibility of thinking.
— Precise, consistent thinking (solid evidence
carefully evaluated to make decisions).
Jean-sided thinking (the phenomenon is to consider the different sides of the business).
— Individual thinking (the creation of personal information culture).
Social thinking (Man, is carried out in the group; the basic approach of the current debate).
This technology will not only improve the efficiency of student competence, as well as:
1. Directed to the improvement of individual development.
2. The establishment of good relations between students and teachers.
3. Students’ self-created conditions of comprehensive education.
4. Learning to think critically, to high-quality education.
5. Students involved will learn how to exchange their views competently.
6. In one respect for each other.
7. Able to find a summary of the most basic problem.
8. The increase in the student’s creative activity.
Technological advantages:
— Rises to its responsibility to the quality of education;
— Any type of text, and develop the skills to work with a large volume of information; learn the skill of linking information together;
— The system develops logical thinking;
Analytical and creative skills, and develop skills
to work effectively with other people; their game in relation to the others formed a clear ability to deliver in a reliable and well-mannered way.
Critical thinking algorithm:
1. What is the goal?
2. What do you know?
3. What should I do?
4. Have we achieved the goal?
The technology is based on a three-stage structure of the lesson:
I. - interest (“Bridge”, a shift in thinking)
II. - understanding of the value of the (value off)
III. - reflection (assembled)
Three step-by-step process cycle: the understanding of the value of the interest period of reflection for the full implementation of the three approaches is
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Section 9. Pedagogical Psychology
an important condition in the context of the lesson.
The first period is for the “awakening of interest”. This is the task of the teacher and students only interested in trying to activate, stimulate further work, as well as activation and stimulation for further work to remember there was an important factor in education or training in the creation of the association. It is the student’s activities during the period: students are trained and familiar with him on the issue and be reminded to read the information, systematize it and are willing to answer any questions.
During this period, the methods and techniques that can be applied to are:
— «Familiarity with the information,» the forecast for the creation of a list of key words and talk;
— Organizing the material (graphics): clusters of tables;
— Right and wrong;
— Intricate logic circuits, etc.
Conclusion: The information obtained from
the first step to be heard, to write, to be discussed in teams of two.
The meaning of the second stage. During this period, the information is direct. Critical thinking and methods of technology education to the activity of the recipient, or a reasonable opportunity to listen to the reading.
The actions of the teacher of this period: a direct interest in the topic when working with new information, «old» knowledge «new» move gradually.
Education’s action: Students use active listening methods while the teacher reads the text, will mark the edge of the road or recording to a new level of information.
During this period, the methods and techniques that can be applied to:
— “V”, “+”, “-”, “?” Through the use of signs marking;
— Both in the form of a diary in-flight magazine of different records;
Search for answers to the questions, and the first part of the lesson, etc.
Conclusion: there is a direct link with the new information (text, film, lectures), working individually or in pairs.
The third period of reflection. During this period,
the information is analyzed and explained in a new, creative approach to the re-created.
Teacher activity: students write sentences reimportation, additions, alterations, read information on the basis of creativity, research or practical tasks.
Education’s action: students understand the value of using the knowledge obtained during the period of “new” information to compare with the “old”
During this period, the methods and techniques that can be applied to:
— Cluster, fill in the information in the table to establish cause-and-effect relationships between the blocks;
— Passwords, return to the correct and incorrect judgments;
— In response to questions;
— The organization of round tables and interpreters;
Different types of discussions;
— Creative writing (essay cinquain).
Conclusion: The knowledge of creative information processing, analysis, interpretation, and etc.
This technology is the most frequently used methods of description:
One of the leading approaches is to cluster. Graphical data systematization of the cluster approach. Cluster system than most of the information in the record.
This approach organizes the main information source familiar with the question, or the sense of the total during the awakening of interest in the form of a name can be used. We will place around the theme of the meaning of the name of the aggregate.
Material technology in the development of critical thinking in the form of visual attention is given to the organization. This is used as a form of creative reflection. In other words, it is the first attempt for students to systematize the information and state their opinions.
One of the main methods used in the implementation of this technology cinquain. The French word «cing» — five relief. This is a poem of five lines. As a way to collect information.Efficiency in the form of a statement of the value in the idea of painting a few words, Develop the ability to express ideas in compact form. Cinquain — individual task; pair work; may be rare for a collective creative work. Cinquain
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Motivation research: the interdisciplinary problem
summarizes the results of the work, or information that allows you to express your opinion on a certain issue brief write a short form. This encourages students to carefully select tools and vocabulary to bring across the main idea. Records should be done in 5 steps:
1. The first line is the topic of a word or phrase (usually a noun);
2. The second -topic definition of two words (adjectives);
3. The third line is the action of the subject, the three words (verbs);
4. The fourth theme is a four-word phrase.
5. The last line is synonymous with one word on the subject.
And, finally, when the company increased the burden of responsibility for teachers, and the results of its activity is related to the implementation of new technologies, but also the problems and make effective use of knowledge should be taken into account.
Development of new technologies — the teacher, intellectual, moral, spiritual and other civil -up influence on the formation of self-help the organization develop an effective educational model of psychological science.
References:
1. Polat E.S., modern pedagogic and information technologies in the education system: a textbook for university students. Proc. institutions/ES Polat, M. Yu Buharkina. - Moscow: Publishing Center “Academy”, 2007. - 368 p.
2. Halpern D. Psychology of critical thinking. - SPb., 2000.
3. Dewey D. Psychology and Pedagogy of thinking. - M.. 1990.
4. Alimov A. The use of interactive teaching methods in higher education institutions. - Almaty, 2009. -328 p.
5. Stolyarenko L.D., Principles of Psychology. Psychological site http://www.myword.ru
Lekerova Gulsim Zhanabergenovna, doctor of psychological sciences, professor., M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University, Yunusov Madiyar Bakhtiyarovich, president of Kazakhstan engineering and pedagogical university of friendship of the people, Rakhimkulov Shafkat Salimdzhanovich, master of history, Kazakhstan engineering and pedagogical university of friendship of the people Anarmetov Bakhtiyar Salimzhanovich, doctor Phd of pedagogics, Kazakhstan engineering and pedagogical university of friendship of the people Aitkulowa Nurgul Zhorabekovna, master of pedagogics and psychology, Kazakhstan engineering and pedagogical university
of friendship of the people E-mail: gulsimlekerova@mail.ru
Motivation research: the interdisciplinary problem
Abstract: In the field of natural sciences and psychology, a number of special scientific disciplines and directions have been generated. They include psychophysiology, physiology of the higher
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