CC BY
2
Shamshitdinov M.E.
assistant
Namangan Engineering and Technology Institute
CRITICAL PEDAGOGY: CHALLENGING AND TRANSFORMING
TRADITIONAL EDUCATION
Abstract. Critical Pedagogy is an educational movement advocating for transformative learning experiences that challenge traditional educational frameworks. It emphasizes critical thinking, questioning power dynamics, and promoting social justice. Critical Pedagogy originatedfrom Paulo Freire's work, integrating theory and practice to empower students as active learners. This approach challenges the banking model of education and promotes dialogue and reflection. Critical Pedagogy's impact extends beyond classrooms, influencing social change and personal empowerment.
Keywords. Critical Pedagogy, Transformative Learning, Paulo Freire, Educational Frameworks, Social Justice, Power Dynamics, Active Learning, Banking Model, Dialogue, Reflection, Social Change.
Critical Pedagogy, a transformative approach to education, emerged in the 20th century. Pioneered by Paulo Freire, it challenges traditional, hierarchical educational structures, emphasizing student empowerment and social justice. This pedagogical approach critiques the 'banking model' of education, where knowledge is deposited into passive students. Instead, Critical Pedagogy encourages active engagement, critical thinking, and dialogue. It extends its impact beyond academic learning, fostering societal change and individual growth.
Origin and Development: Critical Pedagogy originated in the 1960s with Paulo Freire's seminal work "Pedagogy of the Oppressed." Freire critiqued traditional education for perpetuating societal inequities. He advocated for a pedagogy that empowers the oppressed and challenges the status quo. His ideas influenced educational theorists globally, leading to the development of various models of Critical Pedagogy.
Theoretical Foundations: The theory rests on the premise that education is inherently political. Freire's Critical Pedagogy proposes that education can either maintain the current power dynamics or challenge and transform them. It is rooted in Marxist theory, focusing on class struggle and the role of education in liberating oppressed classes.
Principles and Practices: Core principles include dialogic learning, where teacher and student learn from each other, and problem-posing education, which replaces the traditional lecture model. It promotes a participatory classroom environment, encouraging students to question and challenge prevailing norms and ideologies.
Impact on Traditional Education: Critical Pedagogy challenges the conventional teacher-centered approach, advocating for a student-centered model. It criticizes the banking model of education, where students are passive recipients of knowledge, advocating for a more interactive and reflective learning process.
Applications in Various Contexts: This pedagogical approach has been applied in diverse educational settings, from primary schools to higher education. It has been particularly influential in adult education and literacy programs, empowering marginalized groups.
Challenges and Criticisms: Critical Pedagogy faces challenges in implementation, particularly in traditional education systems resistant to change. Critics argue that it may be overly idealistic and not practical in all educational contexts. There are also debates on how to effectively balance the power dynamics between teachers and students.
Conclusion
Critical Pedagogy represents a significant shift in educational philosophy, emphasizing empowerment, critical thinking, and social justice. It challenges traditional models of education, promoting a more interactive and reflective learning process. While facing implementation challenges and criticisms, its principles have been influential in various educational contexts. Critical Pedagogy continues to evolve, adapting to contemporary societal needs and educational landscapes.
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