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Section 1. Biology
Amanov B. Kh., candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher Samanov Sh.A., Junior Scientific Worker E-mail: amanov.81@bk.ru
CORRELATION BETWEEN SOME MORPHOLOGICAL AND ECONOMICAL TRAITS AT THE HYBRIDS F4 OBTAINED ON THE BASE OF INTRASPECIFIC DIVERSITY OF SPECIES G.BARBADENSE L
Abstract: In this article was given the data on correlation relationship between some morphological and economical traits at the hybrids obtained on the base of intraspecific diversity of species G. Barbadense L. The correlation relationship in certain degree almost at the all hybridous populations between traits: "diameter of a boll" with "length of a fiber", "length of a boll" with "fiberlength", "diameter of a boll" with "fiber output" was determined. It in turn gives the opportunity effective carrying out the genetic and breeding research.
Keywords: cotton, correlation, subspecies, fiber length, fiber output, diameter of a boll, raw cotton weight per one boll, populations.
Introduction. One of the significant features of the inheritance of morphological characteristics of cotton is their mutual relationship (correlation). In this connection, it becomes necessary to study the degree of interrelation of each feature in the breeding of cotton. Correlation between morphological characteristics of cotton is reflected in the research of many scientists [1-7].
P. Sh. Ibragimov in his research [2] the method of covari-ance analysis between cotton varieties G.barbadense L. and in their F generations genetic, phenotypic and paratypic correlation was studied. As a result of which, due to the valuable economic characteristics of cotton, it determined to a large extent the correlation between the length and yield of fiber and its productivity, as well as a violation of the usual correlation, among complex crossed high generations, identified a number of new lines with valuable economic characteristics.
N. E. Chorshanbiev [5] the correlation between the economic characteristics of fine-fibered new varieties of cotton and the forms of F1 generations obtained with their participation-was studied. According to the analysis of the obtained research results, conclusions on the weak negative correlation between the length and the yield of the fiber, as well as the existing connections between the fiber length and the number ofbollswere obtained. A significant strong negative correlation between the mass and the number of bolls has been determined, and a
change in the phenotypic correlation between species in connection with the genotype has also been studied.
S. A. Usmanov, S. S. Alikhodjaeva, F. Abdiev, K. Khudar-ganov [4] the genetic correlation between some economically valuable traits of geographically distant forms of the species G.barbadense L. was studied.According to their analysis, the coefficient of variability up to the generations of F8 did not differ practically by all the traits of the model varieties, fiber and raw cottonweight per one boll, a decrease in the fiber-length was observed, and with the increase of 1000 pieces of seed - fiber output.
P. Sh. Ibragimov, B. Urozov, F. Toreyev, B. Begymkulov, N. Holmatova, D. Turaev [3] the traits of providing new varieties of cotton and the volume of fiber lineswas studied. At the same time, such traits as fiber productivity, fiber yield, fiber output, and also the 1000 seed weight were studied. The correlation coefficient between the volume and 1000 seed weightwas determined (from 0.18 till 0.62). Correlation to the strongest degree in the lines of 'Javlon', 'L-403' and 'LBT'was observed. In other lines, the correlation between these traits was not thoroughly observed. The correlation between the seedvolume and fiberyield to varying degreeswas also examined. The highest correlation coefficient (0.53) for the 'L-116' line was determined and in other lines the correlation coefficient was 0.20-0.44%. A high positive relationship was
Section 1. Biology
found between the fiber index and seedvolume of cotton. Also, studied all the lines have a high degree of correlation, that is, the number of fibers in large bolls and their weight directly leads to positive correlationwas defined.
In this connection, samples with large seeds by high pro-ductivityare represented. This, in turn, on a significant correlation between high yield and fiber productivityis based. When developing the highest yielding varieties, the seedweight of single breeding, the breeding of the index and yield of the fiber, as well as the need to accelerate the work on wastewas notedby authors.
Salahuddin Sh., Abro S., Rehman A., Iqba L. Kh. [7] Correlation and regression studies of cultivars of Gossypium hir-sutum L., were analysed for quantitative characters. Results revealed that highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.567) was displayed by sympodial branches with seed cotton yield, which showed that seed cotton yield was greatly influenced by sympodial branches. The coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.321) revealed 32.1% variation in the seed cotton yield per plant, due to its relationship with sympodial branches per plant. Regression coefficient (b = 5.66) showed that a unit increase in sympodial branches per plant resulted into a proportional increase of 5.66 gms in seed cotton yield per plant, whereas bolls per plant exhibited strong positive association with seed cotton yield (r = 0.959). The coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.92) revealed 92% of the total variation in seed cotton yield attributable to the variation in number of bolls per plant. The regression coefficient (b = 3.37) indicated that for a unit increase in bolls per plant, there would be a proportional increase of 3.37 gms in seed cotton yield per plant. Boll weight displayed a highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.597) with seed cotton yield per plant. The coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.356) determined that boll weight was responsible for 35.6% variation in seed cotton yield per plant. The regression coefficient (b = 53.479) indicated that a unit increase in boll weight resulted into corresponding increase of 53.48 gms in seed cotton yield per plant. However, the plant height and monopodial branches per plant showed non significant association with the yield per plant.
Farias F.J., Carvalho L.P., Silva Filho J.L., Teodoro P.E. [6] however, for cotton, there have been few studies using this analysis, and all of these have used fiber productivity as the primary dependent variable. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify agronomic and technological properties that can be used as criteria for direct and indirect phenotypes in selecting cotton genotypes with better fibers. We evaluated 16 upland cotton genotypes in eight trials conducted during the harvest 2008/2009 in the State of Mato Grosso, using a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated traits were: plant height, average boll
weight, percentage of fiber, cotton seed yield, fiber length, uniformity of fiber, short fiber index, fiber strength, elongation, maturity of the fibers, micronaire, reflectance, and the degree of yellowing. Phenotypic correlations between the traits and cotton fiber yield (main dependent variable) were unfolded in direct and indirect effects through path analysis. Fiber strength, uniformity of fiber, and reflectance were found to influence fiber length, and therefore, these traits are recommended for both direct and indirect selection of cotton genotypes.
Materials and methods. The object of the research was used the culturally tropical subspecies from different agroeco-system ssp.vitifolium (Brazil) and ssp.eubarbadense (variety "Karshi-8", Uzbekistan) selected on the base of crossing of the hybrids F4 fine-staple cotton variety of G.barbadense L. stored in the cotton world genepool of the Cotton Systematics and Introduction Laboratory of the Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology of the Academy of Sciences Tashkent.
As a method of research practical results through correlation analysis was carried out.
Results. In our experiments, a close correlation between the morphological and economically valuable traits of the participating hybrido us populations F4was studied, that is, between the "diameter of a boll" and "raw cotton weight per one boll", between the "length of a boll" and the "fiber length", between the "diameter of a boll" and "fiber output" (fig. 1).
Correlation of morphological traits of populations F4 obtained on the base of crossing of intraspecies diversity G.Barbadense L.)
In our research, special attention was paid to the following traits: the 'diameter of a boll' and 'raw cotton weight per one boll' of the hybridous populations F4. The obtained results that in the selected populations of "C-2" and "C-9" the correlation coefficient between these traits ranged from r = 0.02 till r = 0.04 in a weak positive degree, while the remaining groups of populations had an average positive correlation from r = 0.15 till r = 0.33was showed.
According to the analysis of the research results the correlation between the morphological and economically valuable traits of cotton "length of a boll" and "fiber length" in the selected populations "C-8", "C-2" (r = 0.0004, r = 0.0008), in the populations "C-3", "C-6", "C-7", "C-9" (r = 0.02) are weak and only in the population of "C-1" (r = 0.15) is a positive average correlation was observed.
In the hybridous populations F4a rather weak positive correlation between the morphological and economically valuable traits "diameter of a boll" and "fiber output" of "C-7", while the correlation coefficient was equal to r = 0.0001was observed. Also in populations of "C-3", "C-4" a weak correlation (from r = 0.010 till r = 0.11) was noted.
Figure 1.
It should be specially noted that in the selected populations of "C-1", "C-3", "C-8" a positive average correlation as follows (r = 0.25, r = 0.11, r = 0.11) was observed.
Conclusions. According to the analysis of the research results, there is a correlation between traits: "diameter of a
boll" and "raw cotton weightper one boll", between "length of a boll" and "fiber length", between "diameter of a boll" and "fiber output", and this in turn, is a necessary basis for the implementation of genetic and breeding research programs.
References:
1. Babayev Y. M., Kim R. G., Amanturdiev A. G. The connection of early ripening cotton features of F2 generation for the other farm concerning the valuable features // Cotton and alfalfa seed breeding: UzRICBSPProceedings.- Tashkent: Fan, 2000.- P. 48-51.
2. Ibragimov P. Sh. The role of systemic crossing in optimization breeding process of cotton species G.Barbadense L. and G.hirsutum L.: Avtoref. diss. ... DSc.- Tashkent, 2003.- 40 p.
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5. Chorshanbiev N. E. Fine-fiber cotton traits of new varieties and the valuable characteristic correlations of hybrids F1 // The problems of planting technology and seed breeding of agricultural crops in irrigated lands: Proceedings of republican.-Samarkand, 2006.- P. 34-35.
6. Farias F. J., Carvalho L. P., Silva Filho J. L., Teodoro P. E. Correlations and path analysis among agronomic and technological traits of upland cotton // Genet Mol Res. 2016 Aug 12; 15(3). doi: 10.4238/gmr.15038239.
7. Salahuddin Sh., Abro S., Rehman A., Iqba L Kh. Correlation analysis of seed cotton yield with some quantitative traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) // Pak. J. Bot., 42(6): 3799-3805, 2010.
