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0УДК 81
Payzyev H.
Magtymguly Turkmen State University (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF TURKIC LINGUISTICS
IN THE EASTERN REGION
Аннотация: Middle Turkic period begins with the collapse of the Arab Caliphate. From that time, social life in Central Asia began to change, economy, culture, and science began to develop. A number of factors led to the gradual disintegration of the Arab caliphate and its eventual collapse. With its dissolution and complete dissolution, the necessary conditions for the development of economy, culture and science are created. Observatories are being created in many places, in Baghdad, Khorezm, and Merv.
Ключевые слова: middle Turkic period, Central Asia, science, achievements, language,
dialect.
A brief introduction to the scientific treatises (i.e. scientific works) that have been passed down to the last generations are very important and urgent issues. Based on this, with the beginning of the disintegration of the Arab caliphate and its complete disintegration, we considered the fundamental changes that occurred in the social structure, economy, culture, science, including language education. Because the problems mentioned above were related to each other. In fact, everything new in society and nature cannot arise spontaneously or suddenly, independently of other things, without the influence of other things. The things that already exist have evolved to a higher degree based on that law. Such situations can also be seen in the example of the Arab caliphate and the changes that occurred in it.
According to historical sources, the Arab caliphate conquered many countries and subjugated them. He made South-West Asia and India dependent on him in the East, and the distance from the coast of Africa to Gibraltar in the West. The capital of
the Arab caliphate was Baghdad, where the caliph sat. After the Arabs conquered Central Asia, Iran and other places, they followed the policies of "Islamization, Arabization", fanaticism (a policy that considers its own point of view to be the only correct point of view and ignores the point of view of the local population). According to this, the material and spiritual resources created by the people over many centuries were looted, burned, Islam religion, Arabic language, Arabic script were forcibly introduced. In all parts of the Caliphate, Arabic was required to be used as the state language and the international language of writing. In some countries, for example, in Iran, the 7th-9th centuries banned the use of Middle Persian, which had been in use since the 4th century. Arabic was used instead of Middle Persian. Arabic was the state language in Iran. All meetings, consultations and meetings were held in Arabic. Official business papers, scientific works, works of art were written in Arabic. After independence from Arab rule (after the 19th century), New Persian language began to be used in Iran. New Persian and the Arabic script are still used today (25, 9, 27, 11).
At that time, 80 percent of the words in the Persian dictionary were derived from Arabic. A large number of words from Arabic entered the vocabulary of the Turkish language, or rather, Turkish dialects, during the mentioned period. Islamic religion and Arabic writing are deeply rooted in the lives of Iranian and Turkic peoples. But even though the above situations occurred during the 250-year period of Arab rule, the Arabic language could not change the sound structure, sound laws, and grammatical structure of the Persian language and the Turkish language (more precisely, Turkish dialects). There are 16 verb patterns (appearances) or images, grammatical categories, and a large number of root words that consist of pure infinitive sounds (for example, book, secretary, school words, etc., known, information, scientist, science words, lm, madrasa, drs, etc. in the words of the lesson) not a single one of them was transferred to the Persian or Turkish languages.
The process of disintegration of the political structure, which had been going on for centuries in the Arab caliphate, appeared in the 19th century. According to some scientific sources, the 9th century is considered to be the last century of the Arab caliphate. Central Asia is freed from Arab rule in 874 (4, 6). In the 10th century, the
Arab caliphate began to decline politically and culturally. In the first half of the 10th century, the Arab caliphate completely disintegrated as the process of disintegration or collapse intensified. Its disintegration was mainly due to two factors.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Abulgazi. Genealogical History. Ashgabat, 1992;
2. Al Faraby. О разуме и науке. Alma-Ata, Nauka, 1975;
3. Annaorazov J., Karli S., Kossekow D. History of the Middle Ages. Ashgabat, 2008;
4. Antonov N. K. Lectures on Turkology. Yakutsk, 1981
