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©Nguyen Thi Thao, 2024
УДК 81,811
Abdykadyrova Suta Rysbaevna
Osh State University Kamytova Ulaarkan Nuralievna
Osh State University, master's student Osh city Kyrgyzstan
CONCEPTOSPHERE OF TERRORIST DISCOURSE IN ENGLISH
Abstract
Discourse theory is one of the most actively developing areas of communicative linguistics. In this regard, it seems relevant to consider the pragmalinguistic characteristics of English-language terrorist discourse.
Key words
discourse, concept sphere, terrorism, linguistics, language
Абдыкадырова Сюита Рысбаевна
Ошский государственный университет Камытова Улааркан Нуралиевна
Ошский государственный университет, магистрант
г. Ош Кыргызстан
КОНЦЕПТОСФЕРА ТЕРРОРИСТИЧЕСКОГО ДИСКУРСА В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Аннотация
Теория дискурса является одним из наиболее активно развивающихся направлений коммуникативной лингвистики. В этой связи представляется актуальным рассмотреть прагмалингвистические характеристики англоязычного террористического дискурса.
Ключевые слова дискурс, концептосфера, терроризм, лингвистика, язык.
Discourse theory is one of the most actively developing areas of communicative linguistics. In this regard, it seems relevant to consider the pragmalinguistic characteristics, specifically the conceptual sphere of English-language terrorist discourse.
The aim of our work is to study the conceptual sphere and its pragmalinguistic features in terrorist discourse.
HAyHHbIM WyPHAfl « IN SITU »
ISSN (p) 2411-7161 / ISSN (e) 2712-9500
№5 / 2024
In the course of our work we assume to rely on the studies and works of domestic and foreign scientists, such as V. I. Karasik, N. D. Arutyunova, Y. D. Apresyan, E. S. Kubryakova and others. The main methods in this paper are: descriptive method, method of structural analysis, method of discourse analysis.
In recent decades, along with the term text, the terms discourse and concept have become widespread in linguistics, and the question of the correlation between the categories "concept" and "discourse" is still debatable. The understanding of these categories in relation to each other is of particular importance as a methodological basis for our study, so it seems appropriate to dwell in more detail on the correlation of these concepts.
There are many definitions of discourse, interpreting this phenomenon from different theoretical positions. However, most modern Russian and foreign scientists, such as N.D. Arutyunova, T. van Dijk, V.I. Karasik, A.E. Kibrick, M.L. Makarov and others are of the opinion that discourse is an integral speech work in the diversity of its cognitive-communicative functions.
B.I. Karasik distinguishes several approaches to understanding the essence of discourse: communicative, structural-syntactic, structural-stylistic and socio-pragmatic [2].
Discourse is a complex formation that has three dimensions: the participants of communication, the situation of communication and the text itself. Therefore, when constructing a typology of discourse, it is necessary to take into account the three levels of classification. The leading among the three, in our opinion, is the category of communication participants, since they are the creators of the text.
At the first level of classification of discourse types, personal and institutional discourse are distinguished. Participants of personal discourse show the qualities of their personality, while institutional discourse requires communicators to communicate of a cliched type, taking place in accordance with the norms of a given society in public institutions [4].
Personal discourse depending on the purpose of communication can be subdivided into artistic (self-expression of the speaker) and everyday (satisfaction of practical needs of the speaker).
Institutional discourse represents communication within the given framework of status-role relations.
To determine the types of institutional discourse, it is necessary to take into account the purpose of communication. In our study, it can be the exchange of information on the occasion of a terrorist act; discussion of what happened in order to prevent the next terrorist act, etc. and the prototypical characteristics of the communication situation, the main of which at this level is the place (hospital, airport terminal, school, etc.) [5].
Having analyzed the array of texts of the subject area "terrorism", which is the object of our research, we single out terrorist discourse as another type of discourse. From the standpoint of sociolinguistics, the allocation of this type of discourse seems quite justified, since terrorism, unfortunately, has become one of the most global problems of mankind, requiring a certain interaction of the individual, the public, the media, the authorities, etc. to create further measures to prevent this formidable and frightening factor of modernity.
Another term "conceptosphere" in modern cognitive linguistics has not yet received an unambiguous terminological status. Academician D. S. Likhachev to designate a set of concepts of a nation [8] introduced the term "conceptosphere" into science.
Conceptosphere is a thinking sphere consisting of concepts, existing in the form of thought pictures, schemes, concepts, generalizing various attributes of the external world. It is a set of concepts that make up the worldview of a native speaker [9].
The concept sphere "terrorism" is expressed by the concept "event", in which the following blocks are distinguished: type, forms of terrorism, types of terrorist acts, subject of action (customers, perpetrators), object of action, conditions (place, date, time), tool or instrument of crime, consequences (victims, fate of attackers), sources of information, eyewitnesses, counteraction to terrorism.
Terrorism is an event whose participants commit actions that violate the law and norms of morality and therefore, it is associated with such concepts as violence, intimidation, fear, war, death, captivity, trial, shooting, destruction, etc [10].
Another peculiarity of the conceptosphere "terrorism" is the set of linguistic expressions identified as a result of analyzing the thematic and narrative frames "terrorism" and arranged in the scheme without taking into account compositional, contextual links. The linguistic embodiment of the conceptosphere "terrorism" is lexical groups, each of which reflects a certain block of the conceptosphere "terrorism" [10].
We will list some types, forms of terrorism and groupings:
- Type: political terrorism, religiously motivated terror, environmentalism, issue-group motivated terrorism, computer terrorism; the type of terrorism in most cases is represented by attributive collocations, less often by a compound noun.
- Forms: home terrorism, international terrorism; attributive collocations are used when referring to forms of terrorism.
- Factions: Red Brigades, Combat Communist Cell (CCC), Neo-fascists,
Neo-nazi, radical group, Hamas, Islamic Jihad, Palestian Islamic groups; terrorist groups can be represented by either simple adjectives or attributive collocations.
In our study we distinguish the following types of terrorist attack and ways of its realization: - types: violence, bombs detonated electronically, poison, slaughter, massacre, shooting, explosion; types of terrorist acts are mostly represented by nouns.
in ways: to open fire on, to set off a bomb, to fire, to crash, to kill, to assassinate; the ways of carrying out a terrorist act are expressed by verb phrases.
The following subjects and objects of action can be distinguished in the texts of terrorist themes analyzed by us:
- Subject: garrila, exstremist, killer, hitman, bomb-maker, sponsorship of international terror;
subjects of action as we see can be represented by nouns and attributive word-combinations.
- Object of action: man, residents, people, person, judicial figures; the objects of action are mostly represented by simple nouns.
The tool or instrument of crime is also a block of the terrorism conceptosphere: knife, axe, dagger, gun, submachine gun, trotyl, large quantities of explosives etc.; the tool or instrument of crime may be represented by a simple noun or an attributive phrase.
As a separate block of the conceptosphere of terrorism, we single out the block "countering terrorism": sergeant, colonel, lieutenant, captain, America's security officer, operative, field-criminalist etc.; persons involved in anti-terrorist activities can be expressed by means of nouns, attributive collocations.
Having analyzed the conceptosphere of the subject field "terrorism" we concluded that this endtosphere is expressed by the concept of event, in which the following blocks are distinguished: type, forms of terrorism, types of terrorism, subject of action, object of action, conditions, tool or instrument of crime, consequences (victims, fate of attackers), and countering terrorism.
Summarizing the above, we conclude that terrorist discourse is one of the most thoroughly analyzed varieties of discourse. It is a type of institutional discourse realized in verbal texts and with the purpose of describing, informing, and analyzing. In the course of our research, certain pragmalinguistic features were identified: semantic, syntactic, and morphological.
The units embodying the concepts of terrorism are words, compound words, word combinations. However, we recognize word-combinations as the predominant way of naming concepts, which are classified into three main types: verbal, substantive, attributive. The considered conceptosphere is a database of the subject area "terrorism" to convey specific information related to a particular event in the form of a text.
НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ « IN SITU »
ISSN (p) 2411-7161 / ISSN (e) 2712-9500
№5 / 2024
List of references:
1 Dake, T. A. van. Language. Cognition. Communication: a textbook / T. A. van Dijk, - M.: Nauka, 1989. - 312 p.
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3. Arutyunova, N. D. Discourse: a linguistic encyclopedic dictionary / N. D. Arutyunova, - M.: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1990. - P.136 - 137
4. Kubryakova, E. S. On the concepts of discourse and discourse analysis in modern linguistics: a textbook / E. S. Kubryakova, - M.: Prosveshchenie, 2002. - 225 p.
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8. D. S. Likhachev. Selected. Moscow. Raritet. 1997
9. Borbotko, V. G. Principles of discourse formation. From psycholinguistics to linguosynergetics : a textbook for universiies / V. G. Borbotko, - M.: LIBROCOM Book House, 2009. - 286 p.
10. Buyanova, N. A. On the correlation between the concepts of "terror" and "terrorism": a textbook / N. A. Buyanova, - M.: Nauka, 2001. - 53 c.
Sources:
1. Terrorism/ Economist. Access mode - http://www.economist.com/topics/terrorism/.
2. Articles abour Sarin Gas Attack. Access mode
©Abdykadyrova S.R., Kamytova U.N., 2024
Мухамметджкмаева Г., Преподаватель, Институт инженерно-технических и транспортных коммуникаций Туркменистана.
Туваков Ш., студент,
Туркменский национальный институт мировых языков им. Довлетмаммеда Азади.
Амангелдиев А., студент,
Институт инженерно-технических и транспортных коммуникаций Туркменистана.
Бабагулыев Б., студент,
Институт инженерно-технических и транспортных коммуникаций Туркменистана.
г. Ашгабад, Туркменистан
СТРУКТУРНЫЕ И СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АНГЛИЙСКИХ МАСС-МЕДИЙНЫХ НЕОЛОГИЗМОВ
Аннотация
Структурные особенности помогают создать новые слова и термины, которые являются легко узнаваемыми и эффективными для коммуникации в масс-медийной сфере. Они позволяют быстро и точно передавать информацию и идеи, а также создавать единый язык для общения в этой области.
Ключевые слова: концепции менеджмента, виды менеджмента
