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utilization of capacities and their use, taking into account the stipulated deadlines for the execution of each order, inventory, commodity supply, and state of the market. The calendar plans provide for the costs of reconstruction and replacement of equipment, construction of new enterprises, training of the workforce. Plans for product sales and services include indicators for product exports, technical services and services.
References:
1. Умарова Г. Ш. Роль иностранных инвестиций в развитии национальной экономики //International scientific journal. - 2016. - №. 3. - С. 148-149.
2. Камолов А.А. Внешнеэкономическая деятельность Узбекистана"Теория и практика современной науки 5 (2017): 958-961.
УДК 3778
Kodirov R.R.
Senior Lecturer Department of "Informatics and Management" National Institute of Art and DesignUzbekistan, Tashkent COMPUTER ART AND COMPUTER DESIGN
Annotation: This article deals with computer art and computer design.
Keywords: computer, design, art, photography, graphics
Кодиров Р. Р. старший преподаватель кафедра «Информатики и менеджмента» Национальный Институт Художества и Дизайна
Узбекитан, г. Ташкент КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ ИСКУССТВО И КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЙ
ДИЗАЙН
Аннотация: В данной статье рассматриваются компьютерное искусство и компьютерный дизайн
Ключевые слова: компьютер, дизайн, искусство, фотография, графика
Computer art (also digital art, digital art) is a creative activity based on the use of information (computer) technologies, the result of which are digital art works. Although the term may be applied to works of art, originally created using other media or scanned, it always refers to works of art that have been modified using computer programs. At the moment, the concept of "computer art" includes as works of traditional art, transferred to a new environment, on a digital basis, imitating the original material medium (when, for example, scanned or digital photography is taken as a basis), or created initially using a computer, and fundamentally new types of works of art, the main medium for the existence of which is the computer environment. In the process of developing "computer art", two different directions in the use of computers were defined. Historically, the first direction in which the user-artist initiates the execution of a certain program on a
computer and may not know in advance what the result will be. Here the computer generates (generates) images and actually acts as a "creator". The first works of this area of computer art were created in the early 50s of the twentieth century by an American mathematician and artist Ben Laposki, who, in his spare time from electro physical experiments, began to create compositions called "Electronic Abstractions" (or "oscillons", "Oscillons") with the help of a cathode ray tube (CRT) oscilloscope [7]. Later on, the obtained images were recorded on a highspeed film. Creating "electronic abstractions" Laposki called "visual music." The phenomenon of this area of computer art attracted the attention of scientists and in 1968, George Nies was defended at the Max Bens Institute (Stuttgart, Germany) and his first thesis in this field, Generative Computer Graphic (Generative Computer Graphics). Max Bens called this new trend "künstliche Kunst" ("artificial art") [8].The second direction assumes that the artist uses a computer as a universal tool that combines the functions of a palette and a canvas. When solving complex creative design problems, these two approaches are often used at the same time, making it possible to combine the artist's skill and computer effects in one project. This area is usually called computer graphics. The beginning of the era of computer graphics has been counted out since 1963, when Ivan Sutherland presented a program for interactive work with computer graphics Sketchpad at the Fall Joint Computer Conference conference, which was designed to draw with a special light pen on the surface of the monitor screen, which practically the first time allowed the artist to draw using a computer. In the early 1960s, American artist Charles Zuri created his first works in the field of computer graphics.In 1971, Herbert Frank publishes in Germany the first book on computer art "Computer graphics - computer art (" Computer Graphics - Computer Art "). In 1988, the First International Symposium on Electronic Art was held in Utrecht (Germany). In 1992, the first Digital Salon (digital salon) was opened in New York (USA). In 1995, the first CADE conference was held in Brighton (UK). And finally, in 1998, Wolfgang Lizer founded the Museum of Digital Art, which can be considered a full recognition of computer art as an art form. We define computer design as a design area in which a computer is used as the main tool for artistic design and design, or, with some assumptions, is to use computer graphics for design purposes. The key concept defining this type of artistic creativity in the phrase "computer design" is the concept "design". With the emergence and development of computer graphics, artists -designers were among the first to use it in their work, and computer design is currently used in almost all areas of design.
Modern computer programs not only reduce the time spent on the project, but also significantly expand the palette of graphic and technical capabilities of the designer. For this purpose, special design packages of art-graphic and engineeringdesign programs, including three-dimensional graphics and animation, have been created. Specialized design programs can sometimes replace an army of related specialists. They not only carry out accurate calculations, determining the shape of the product, suggesting the choice of various structures and materials, but also allow
in a three-dimensional image and in real time to model the future object in various situations, not only to create virtual images of the shape of the designed object and check its functioning including in extreme conditions.
Literature:
1. Ostanin, A.A. Design, computer design: cultural interpretation: author. dis. Cand. cultural studies. science: 24.00.01 / A.A. Ostanin; Mosk. ped. state un-t - M., 2004. - 16 p.
2. Turlyun, L.N. Computer graphics as a special kind of modern art: abstract. dis. Cand. art historian: 17.00.04 / L.N.Turlyun; Alt. state un-t - Barnaul, 2006. - 23 p.
УДК 345.68
Maxmudov M.A.
Teacher of the department of social and humanitarian sciences
Andijan State Medical Institute THE APPEARANCE OF JADIDISM AS A FIRST BASIS OF A NATIONAL
IDEA
Annotation: This article discusses the Jadid movement. analyzes the main ideas of jadidism
Keywords: jadid, idea, history, theater, newspaper
ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЕ ДЖАДИДИЗМА КАК ПЕРВООСНОВЫ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕИ
Аннотация: В этой статье обсуждается движение джадидизма. анализирует основные идеи джадидизма
Ключевые слова: джадид, идея, история, театр, газета
Jadidism, which arose as an educational movement at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries and went into the depths of history in the late 20s of the last century, when the Soviet government began to eradicate the "old" intelligentsia, and destroyed everyone who was involved in the ideas of Jadidism, It is of great interest not only in Central Asia, but also far beyond its borders. This growing interest is explained by the fact that ideas proclaimed by Jadidism, but not fully realized, are relevant, which have not lost their acuteness in present-day Uzbekistan, which reached independence, which the Jadids dreamed of and for which they conducted their educational activities Arabic word Jadid (literally new) was the first to name those who, under the influence of the pedagogical ideas of Ismail Gasprinsky (18511914), an outstanding Crimean Tatar educator, opened new schools where not only religious, but also secular sciences were taught.
The emergence of Jadidism is associated with this new method of school ("Usui Jadid"), which was founded by Ismail Gasprinsky. Even in his years of study at the Sorbonne, he, having familiarized himself with the new analytical-sound method of teaching the alphabet, dreamed on the basis of this method to reform the Muslim obsolete education system. Returning to his homeland in 1884, he opened
