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UDC 613.95:616.15-071:612.126(477.41 ) https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2021.02.028
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COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF BLOOD LEVELS OF HOMOCYSTEINE, HORMONES AND MINERALS IN CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYSICAL GROWTH LIVING NEAR THE CHORNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE
1BANDAZHEVSKYI Yu.I., 2DUBOVA N.F.
1Ecology and Health Coordination and Analytical Centre, Ivankiv, Ukraine 2Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv
tudies carried out in 2013-2017, within projects of the European Commission «Health and Ecological Programmes around the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone: Development, Training and Coordination of Health-Related Projects» and the Rh^ne-Alpes Regional Council (France) have shown changes in metabolism in children living in Ivankivskyi and Polisskyi districts of Kyiv region, bordering the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. In particular, a large number of adolescents have been found to have increased blood levels of a sulfur-containing amino acid homocysteine, a metabolite of an essential amino acid methionine [1]. We identified associa-
tions between blood concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and hormones that regulate mineral metabolism, taking into account the state of the genetic system of the folate cycle [2-4].
The purpose of the study was a comparative assessment of blood levels of homocys-teine, hormones and minerals in children with different levels of physical growth living in settlements near the Chornobyl exclusion zone.
Material and methods. The study was conducted within the implementation of the projects of the European Commission in Ukraine «Health and Ecological Programmes around the Chor-nobyl Exclusion Zone: De-
ПОРВНЯЛЬНА ОЦ1НКА ВМ1СТУ У КРОВI ГОМОЦИСТЕ1НУ, ГОРМОНВ ТА М1НЕРАЛ1В УД1ТЕЙ З Р1ЗНИМ РВНЕМ Ф1ЗИЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ, ЯК ПРОЖИВАЮТЬ ПОБЛИЗУ ЧОРНОБИЛЬСЬКО1 ЗОНИ ВДЧУЖЕННЯ 1Бандажевський Ю.1., 2Дубова Н.Ф. Жоординашйний аналтичний центр «Еколопя \ здоров'я», м. 1ванюв, Украша 2Нац'юнальний ун1верситет охорони здоров'я Укра]ни ¡м. П.Л. Шупика, м. Ки]в
Мета досл'щження: пюр1вняльна юц1нка вм1-сту у крюв1 гомоцисте]ну, гюрмюн1в \ м1нерал1в у дтей з р1зним р1внем ф1зичного рюзвитку, як прюживають у населених пунктах пюблизу Чорнобильсько] зюни в'щчуження. Методи досл'щження: ¡нструментальний, лабюратюрний, математикю-статистичний. Результати. У рамках викюнання в Украш1 прюект1в бвропейсько]' кюмюп «Оздюрювч\ та еколопчн1 прюграми, пюв 'язан1 з Чюрнюбильськюю зоною в'щчуження. П'щготовка, навчання \ координац1я проект1в з охорони здоров 'я» та Репонально] Ради Рон-Альп (Франц1я) обстежено 158 дтей (78 хлоп-чиюв \ 80 д'вчаток) з Полюького району Ки)'всько]' област}. Досл1джувана територ1я донин1 залишаеться рад1оактивно забрудне-ною пюля аварп на ЧАЕС. Показано, що ¡нкор-порац1я 137Cs в орган1зм негативно впливае на
ф'зичний розвиток (ФР) дтей. Рад'юнукп'щи 137Cs викпикають пюрушення кптинно] енер-гетики, негативно вппивають на гюрмюнюгенез щитоподбноï запози. Встановпено достов'р-ню високий р1вень трийодтирон1ну вльного (Т3), паратиреощного гормону (ПТГ) i Р у пд-птюв з дисгармюнiйню низьким ФР пюрiвняню з дтьми, яю мають дисгармонйно високий фР. Кюрепяцiйнi зв 'язки м'ж показниками ФР, ендокринно] системи та мiнерапьнюгю юбмiну, зареестрован у групi обстежених дтей, в'щображають фiзiюпюгiчну в'щпов'щь юрганiзму на пошкодження кптин, що пюв'язане з вппивом радюнукп^в 137Cs. Спiвставпення значень окремих метабопiчних показникiв обмiну речовин з референтними значеннями не завжди об'ективно вдображае тяжкють порушень обмiну речовин. Для визначення порушень обмiну речовин в умовах послйно] iнкорпорацiï радiонукпiдiв 137Cs в органiзмi дитини необюдно використовувати iнформацiю про зв'язки м'ж деклькома метабопiчними показниками у груп'1 дтей, як прюживають на територiï, що постраждапа в'щ авари на Чорнобипьськiй атомнiй епектростанцп.
Ключов'1 слова: гомоцисте'1'н, гормони, каль^й, фосфор, '¡ндекс Рорера, пдлтки, радюактивно забруднен територп.
© Бандажевський Ю. I., Дубова Н. Ф. СТАТТЯ, 2021.
velopment, Training and Coordination of Health-Related Projects» and the Rh^ne-Alpes Regional Council (France). 158 children (78 boys and 80 girls) from Polisskyi district, Kyiv region, underwent laboratory and instrumental examination. According to data of dosimetry certification of settlements, the territory of the district has remained contaminated with radioactive substances after the Chornobyl accident until the present day (a 137Cs soil contamination density varies from 0.17 Ci/sq.km to 1.9 Ci/sq.km [5]).
All the examined children who attended school had blood drawn from the ulnar vein after fasting in the morning on 02.04.2015. At the time of examination the average age of the children was (14.8 ± 0.1) years (95% CI 14.7-15.0 years)
The blood samples were analysed at a laboratory certified under quality standards with the agreement of the parents. We measured blood levels of homocysteine (Hcy), ionized calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), thyroglobulin (Tg), pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), cortisol (Cort).
Blood Hcy concentrations were measured using a chemilumi-nescent immunoassay (CLIA) method. Analyzer and test kit: Architect 1000 (ABBOT Diagnostics, USA). The blood Hcy level in children of more than 10 Mmol/L was defined as hyper-homocysteinemia.
Ca levels were measured using an ion-selective method. Analyser and test kit: AVL 9180; Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values: 1.16-1.32 mmol/L.
P was determined using a spectrophotometric method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values: for boys 0.95-1.65 mmol/L, for girls - 0.90-1.55 mmol/L.
PTH was measured using an electrochemiluminescent im-
munoassay (ECLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values - 15.0-65.0 pg/ml.
T3 levels were determined using an electrochemilumines-cent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values - 2.3-5.0 pg/ml.
T4 levels were measured using an electrochemilumines-cent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values - 1.1-1.8 ng/dl.
Tg levels were determined using an electrochemilumines-cent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values - 3.5-77.0 ng/ml.
TSH was measured using an electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values - 0.27-4.2 mIU/mL.
CT concentrations were measured using a chemilumines-cent immunoassay (CLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Immulite (Siemens AG), Germany. Reference values — up to 11.5 pg/ml.
Cort levels were determined using an electrochemilumines-cent immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Analyser and test kit: Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics (Switzerland). Reference values - 6.2-19.4 Mg/dL.
Physical growth (PG) in children was assessed with the help of anthropometric measuring techniques standardised
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in Ukraine in compliance with the rules of bioethics and signing protocols of informed consent of parents for each subject [6].
The Rohrer's weight/height index (RI), independent on age and gender, calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the cubic of height in meters, was chosen as a criterion for assessment of PG and metabolism in a child [7, 8].
RI allows to estimate the degree of weight and height conformity of an individual. Normal PG is defined at RI values of 10.7 kg/m3 to 13.7 kg/m3, abnormal PG in children with insufficient body weight is defined at RI values of less than 10.7 kg/m3, and abnormal PG in children with excessive body weight is defined at RI values of more than 13.7 kg/m3. Three subgroups were identified according to RI values during the examination of children from Polessky district:
«1» - abnormal (low) PG, RI < 10.7 (n = 17).
«2» - normal PG, RI is in the range of <13.7 and >10.7 (n = 103).
«3» - abnormal (high) PG, RI > 13.7 (n = 38).
Specific activity of gamma-emitter radionuclides (137Cs) was measured in a body of children using a three-detector whole-body counter (SICh, WBC) manufactured by AtomKompleksPribor (Ukraine).
The statistical processing of the results obtained was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software (USA). The arithmetic mean (M), standard error of mean (m), confidence interval for the mean
value (95% CI), median (Me), interquartile range (IQR), minimum and maximum parameter values and percentiles were calculated for the variables analysed. The distribution hypothesis (a Kolmogorov-Smir-nov test) was tested. All the parameters under study did not conform to the normal distribution law, thus, a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare values. The statistical significance of variables was assessed by determining a significance level for p with the help of the statistical software programme.
The Student's t-test was used to compare relative values. The critical level of significance for the null hypothesis (p) was set at 0.05. Associations between values of RI, 137Cs specific activity in a body, blood Hcy, Tg, TSH, T3, T4, PTH, Cort, CT, P, Ca and a T3/T4 index were identified with the help of the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rxy). The strength of an association was assessed according to a typical scale: weak - 0 to 0.299; moderate -0.3 to 0.699; strong - 0.7 to 1.0.
Results and their discussion. The specific activity of 137Cs radionuclides in the children from Groups 1 and 2 was statistically significantly higher than in the children from Group
3 (tables 1-4). There were no statistical differences between the groups in relation to the relative number of cases of falling outside of the reference values (RV) of the analyzed metabolic variables (table 5). This, in particular, regards to the relative number of cases of hyperho-mocysteinemia (about 50% of the number of children in each group).
The blood levels of Hcy, TSH, T4, Cort, Tg, Ca, CT, as well as the values of the T3/T4 index did not differ statistically in the groups (tables 1 -4).
Statistical differences between the studied groups of children with different PG levels related to blood PTH, P and T3. The blood level of PTH and P was statistically significantly higher in children in the Group 1 than in those in the Groups 2 and 3 (tables 1-3). It was also found that the blood T3 concentration in children in the Group 1 exceeded that in children from the Group 3 (tables 1, 3). There were no statistical differences in values of the analyzed variables between the Groups 2 and 3 (tables 1, 4).
Correlation analysis confirmed this relationship, in the total group of children RI had inverse associations with T3, PTH and P, as well as with CT (table 6).
PTH and P were linked by a moderate direct association. Direct associations were also found between T3 and PTH, T3 and P (table 6).
Physiological relationships were established between the hormones of the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland, in which TSH had an inverse association with T4 and a direct association with T3, which is also evidenced by the associations of hormones with a T3/T4 index. In the total group, Tg was not associated with Ri and analysed metabolic variables. However, in the Group 1, there was a strong inverse association between this metabolite and 137Cs (Spearman's coefficient = -0.721**, p = 0.001, n = 17). Ca had no associations with PTH and P; however, a stable strong direct association was reported between Ca and Hcy.
The studies showed that the 137Cs activity in a human body has an inverse association with PG values of children living in the territory affected by the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant. At the same time, it should be noted that the age of the examined adolescent children had no associations with RI [9].
Taking into account the results of previous studies [1013], it can be reasonably stat-
Table 1
Statistical variables of children with different levels of physical growth
Variables Total group Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
Me IQR Me IQR Me IQR Me IQR
Hcy 10.17 8.30-13.10 10.14 7.92-13.30 10.16 8.67-13.23 10.26 8.46-12.62
TSH 1.86 1.41-2.48 2.08 1.57-2.84 1.79 1.36-2.39 1.92 1.37-2.59
T3 4.10 3.79-4.62 4.52 3,94-4,80 4.14 3.80-4.60 3.99 3.68-4.46
T4 1,18 1.07-1.28 1.21 1.12-1.28 1.18 1.09-1.29 1.13 1.03-1.28
T3/T4 3.51 3.12-4.05 3.67 3.25-4.37 3.51 3.12-4.06 3.50 3.03-3.95
PTH 35.00 28.20-43.58 41.60 32.85-49.85 35.0 25.1-42.70 31.45 28.45-43.20
CT 1.10 1.10-2.58 1.10 1.10-3.34 1.10 1.10-2.55 1.10 1.10-2.19
Cort 13.23 9.58-17.40 9.06 7.51-16.47 13.2 9.64-17.42 14.34 10.42-17.75
Tg 17.12 10.11-30.26 13.83 7.92-24.58 17.52 10.48-31.31 15.94 9.75-28.70
Ca 1.26 1.21-1.30 1.24 1.20-1.31 1.26 1.22-1.30 1.26 1.21-1.32
P 1.34 1.22-1.46 1.43 1.38-1.57 1.33 1.20-1.47 1.30 1.21-1.43
RI 12.45 11.46-13.71 10.20 9.49-10.50 12.02 11.53-12.94 14.59 14.20-15.18
137Cs 1.65 1.53-10.85 1.75 1.50-6.09 1.70 1.57-12.30 1.53 1.41-1.70
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT
OF THE CONTENT OF HOMOCYSTEINE,
HORMONES AND MINERALS OFTHE BLOOD
IN THE CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS
OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT LIVING
NEAR CHORNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE
1Bandazhevskyi Yu.t., 2Dubova N.F.
1Ecology and Health Coordination and Analytical
Centre, Ivankiv, Ukraine
2P.L. Shupyk National Healthcare University
of Ukraine, Kyiv
Objective: We compared thecontent of homocysteine, hormones and minerals of the blood in the children with different levels of physical development living in the settlements near Chornobyl exclusion zone. Methods: We used instrumental, laboratory, mathematical and statistical methods in the study.
Results: 158 children (78 boys and 80 girls) from Polisskyi district, Kyiv oblast were examined within the projectsof the European Commission in Ukraine «Health and Ecological Programmes Connected with Chornobyl Exclusion Zone: Development, Training and Coordination of Health-Related Projects» and Rh^ne-Alpes Regional Council (France). The studied territory has remained contaminated with radioactive substances after Chornobyl accident until the present day. 137Cs
incorporation was shown to affect negatively the physical development (PD) of the children. 137Cs radionuclides cause the disorders of cellular energy, affect negatively thyroid hormone genesis. A significantly high level of free triiodothyronine (T3), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and P was established in adolescents with abnormal low PD in comparison with the children with abnormal high PD. Correlations between the indices of PD, endocrine system and mineral metabolism, registered in a group of examined children, reflect the physiological response of the organism to the cell damage associated with an exposure to 137Cs radionuclides. Comparison of the values of separate metabolic indices with the reference values does not always reflect objectively the severity of metabolic disorders. To identify the metabolic disorders under conditions of constant incorporation of 137Cs radionuclides in a child's organism, it is necessary to use the information on the associations among several metabolic indices in a group of children living in the territory suffered from the accident at Chornobyl nuclear power plant.
Keywords: homocysteine, hormones, calcium, phosphorus, Rohrer's index, adolescents, radioactivelycontaminated territories.
ed that 137Cs radionuclides has a negative effect on metabolic processes in cells of internal organs and skeletal muscles. At the same time, bone skeleton formation processes are not directly dependent on 137Cs.
This radionuclide also has a negative effect on the synthesis of thyroid hormones, as evidenced by its strong inverse association with Tg in the group of children with an insufficient PG level.
Under these conditions, the need of peripheral tissues for thyroid hormones is provided by an increase in the release of T4 from the iodine molecule with the help of the 5r deiodi-nases [14], and in this regard, an increase in the formation of T3. This is confirmed by a higher blood level of T3 in the children with abnormal low PG compared with the children with an abnormal high PG level, as well as a direct association between a 137Cs specific activity in a human body and the blood T3 concentration.
Thyroid hormones, including RI and Ca and Hcy was T3, have the ability to delay cell
proliferation [15, 16], which can also be considered one of the reasons for a decrease in RI values.
The studies showed that T3 is able to enhance the activity of PTH (table 6), and thereby affect the processes of bone tissue resorption.
Among the analysed metabolic variables, P had the largest number of associations
(fig.).
The highest blood P level in children with normal low PG indicates that there is disturbed cellular metabolism associated with energy problems caused by the incorporation of 137Cs into the body. This, in particular, is proved by a direct association between T3 and P, and an inverse association between T4 and P.
We found an inverse association between RI in the examined «Chornobyl» children and the activity of PTH, CT and blood P levels. However, at the same time, no association between
cy
observed.
It cannot be omitted that an increased blood P concentration was a stimulating factor for the hormonal metabolism of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. We consider this to be a reflection of the physiological response of a human body to cell damage associated with exposure to 137Cs radionu-clides.
The associations between P and PTH, P and T3, P and TSH, reported in this study, have been previously established by us in previous studies in groups of children with no homozygous variant of the T risk allele of the MTHFR:677 polymorphism in the genome, which significantly reduces the activity of methyl-enetetrahydrofolate reductase, one of the the main enzymes of the folate cycle involved in the metabolism of Hcy [3].
It should be noted that the current study identified no associations between between Ca and PTH, Ca and P, at the same time, a direct association
was reported between Ca and
Hcy.
The studies showed that comparison of separate metabolic variables with reference values is not informative for determining the health status of children living in the territory affected by the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant. Under these conditions, information on associations between several metabolic variables will be of greater importance.
Conclusions
137Cs incorporation into a body negatively affects the physical growth of children, as evidenced by the results of a correlation analysis, as well as the comparison of values of
specific activity of this radionuclide in groups of children with different levels of physical growth.
137Cs radionuclides disturb the cellular energy and also have a negative effect on thyroid hormone genesis.
The level of T3, PTH and P is statistically significantly higher in the blood of children from the group of abnormal low physical growth than in that of children from the group of abnormal high physical growth.
Of all the analysed metabolites, P had the largest number of associations, while Ca had one direct association with Hcy.
Associations between variables of physical growth,
metabolism reported in a group of children living in the territory contaminated with radionu-clides as a result of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident reflect the physiological response of a human body to cell damage associated with exposure to 137Cs radionu-clides.
Comparison of values of separate metabolic variables with reference values does not always objectively reflect the severity of metabolic disorders in children after the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant.
To identify metabolic disorders under conditions of constant incorporation of 137Cs radionuclides in a child's body,
endocrine system and mineral
Table 2
Statistically significant differences when comparing variables of metabolic processes in the blood of examined children from Groups of physical growth 1 and 2
Variables Hcy Tg TSH T3 T4 T3/T4 CT PTH Ca P Cort RI 137Cs
Average rank 1 (n = 17) 58.41 52.68 70.79 73.65 67.29 65.18 69.76 76.44 53.71 80.06 47.65 9.00 54.74
Average rank 2 (n =103) 60.84 61.79 58.80 58.33 59.38 59.73 58.97 57.87 61.62 57.27 62.62 69.00 61.45
Mann-Whitney U test value 840. 00 742. 50 700. 50 652. 00 760. 00 796. 00 718. 00 604. 50 760. 00 543. 00 657. 00 .00 777. 50
Asymptotic significance (2-tailed) .789 .317 .188 .093 .385 .550 .158 .041 .384 .012 .100 .000 .461
Table 3
Statistically significant differences when comparing variables of metabolic processes in the blood of examined children of Groups of physical growth 1 and 3
Variables Hcy Tg TSH T3 T4 T3/T4 CT PTH Ca P Cort RI 137Cs
Average rank 1 (n = 17) 27.47 25.94 30.15 35.56 31.38 30.82 31.62 34.97 24.68 37.85 21.82 9.00 35.00
Average rank 2 (n = 38) 28.24 28.92 27.04 24.62 26.49 26.74 26.38 24.88 29.49 23.59 30.76 36.50 24.87
Mann-Whitney U test value 314. 00 288. 00 286. 50 194. 50 265. 50 275. 00 261. 50 204. 50 266. 50 155. 50 218. 00 .00 204. 00
Asymptotic significance (2-tailed) .870 .524 .506 .019 .295 .382 .187 .031 .302 .002 .056 .000 .030
Table 4
Statistically significant differences when comparing the indicators of metabolic processes in the blood of texamined children of Groups of physical growth 2 and 3
Variables Hcy Tg TSH T3 T4 T3/T4 CT PTH Ca P Cort RI 137Cs
Average rank 1 (n =103) 70.82 71.87 69.30 73.82 73.08 72.19 71.50 71.42 70.45 72.84 69.89 52.00 79.70
Average rank 2 (n = 38) 71.50 68.63 75.61 63.37 65.36 72.19 69.66 69.86 72.49 66.00 74.00 122.50 47.42
Mann-Whitney U test value 1938. 00 1867. 0 1782. 0 1667. 0 1742. 50 1834. 00 906.0 0 1913. 50 1900. 50 1767. 00 1843. 00 .00 1061. 00
Asymptotic significance (2-tailed) .930 .676 .416 .178 .319 .568 .771 .840 .793 .377 .596 .000 .000
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА СОДЕРЖАНИЯ В КРОВИ ГОМОЦИСТЕИНА, ГОРМОНОВ И МИНЕРАЛОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С РАЗЛИЧНЫМ УРОВНЕМ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ, ПРОЖИВАЮЩИХ ВБЛИЗИ ЧЕРНОБЫЛЬСКОЙ ЗОНЫ ОТЧУЖДЕНИЯ 1Бандажевский Ю.И., 2Дубовая Н.Ф. координационный аналитический центр «Екология и здоровье», Иванков, Украина 2Национальный университет охраны здоровья Украины им. П.Л. Шупика, г. Киев, Украина
Цель: сравнительная оценка содержания в крови гомоцистеина, гормонов и минералов у детей с различным уровнем физического развития, проживающих в населенных пунктах вблизи Чернобыльской зоны отчуждения. Методы исследования. Инструментальный, лабораторный, математико - статистический. Результаты. В рамках реализации в Украине проектов Европейской комиссии «Оздоровительные и экологические программы, связанные с Чернобыльской зоной отчуждения. Подготовка, обучение и координация проектов по охране здоровья» и Регионального Совета Рон-Альп (Франция) обследовано 158 детей (78 мальчиков и 80 девочек) из Полесского района Киевской области. Исследуемая территория до настоящего времени остается радиоактивно загрязненной после аварии на ЧАЭС. Показано, что инкорпорация 137Cs в орга-
низм негативно влияет на физическое развитие (ФР) детей. Радионуклиды 137Cs вызывают нарушение клеточной энергетики, негативно влияют на гормоногенез щитовидной железы. Установлен достоверно высокий уровень трийодтиронина свободного (Т3), паратиреоидного гормона (ПТГ) и Р у подростков с дисгармонично низким ФР по сравнению с детьми, имеющими дисгармонично высокое ФР. Корреляционные связи между показателями ФР, эндокринной системы и минерального обмена, регистрируемые в группе обследованных детей, отражают физиологический ответ организма на повреждение клеток, связанное с воздействием радионуклидов 137Cs. Сопоставление значений отдельных метаболических показателей обмена веществ с референтными значениями не всегда объективно отражает тяжесть нарушений обмена веществ. Для определения нарушений обмена веществ в условиях постоянной инкорпорации радионуклидов 137Cs в организме ребенка необходимо использовать информацию о связях между несколькими метаболическими показателями в группе детей, проживающих на территории, пострадавшей от аварии на Чернобыльской атомной электростанции. Ключевые слова: гомоцистеин, гормоны, кальций, фосфор, индекс Рорера, подростки, радиоактивно загрязненные территории.
it is necessary to use information on associations between several metabolic variables in a group of children living in the territory affected by the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident. .niTEPATyPA
1. Bandazhevskyi Yu.I., Dubova N.F. Comparative assessment of metabolic processes in children living in the areas affected by the Chornobyl Nuclear Power plant accident. floBKinnn Ta 3go-poB'n. 2017. № 4. C. 27-30.
2. Bandazheuskyi Yu.I., Dubova N.F. The regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in the body of children living in the conditions of the consequtnces of the Chernobyl accident. New stages of development of modern science in Ukraine and EU countries : monograph. 4-th ed. Riga, Latvia : Baltija Publishing, 2019. P. 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-15-0-65
3. Bandazheuskyi Yu.I., Dubova N.F. The metabolic relationship of calcium and phosphorus to the state of genom of folate metabolism in
children living in the areas suffered from the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident. floBKinnn Ta 3flopoB'fl. 2019. № 4. P. 51-56.
Table 5
Number of cases of differences in the analyzed variables with reference values in groups of children
Variables Total group Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
Abs. % Abs. % Abs. % Abs. %
Hcy 84 53.16 9 52.94 55 53.40 20 52.63
TSH 4>RV 2.53 1 >RV 5.88 1 >RV 0.97 2>RV 5.26
Т3 18>RV, 1<RV 11.39; 0.63 3>RV 17.65 12>RV; 1<RV 11.65; 0.97 3>RV 7.90
Т4 49<RV 31.01 4<RV 23.53 29<RV 28.16 6<RV 42.11
PTH 6>RV 3.80 1 >RV 5.88 4>RV 3.88 1>RV 2.63
CT - - - - - - - -
Cort 22>RV 13.92 2>RV 11.76 17>RV 16.50 3>RV 7.90
Tg 3>RV; 3<RV 1.90; 1.90 1<RV 5.88 2>RV; 2<RV 1.94; 1.94 1 >RV 2.63
Са 14>RV; 7<RV 8.86; 4.43 1 >RV; 1<RV 5.88; 5.88 8>RV; 5<RV 7.77; 4.85 5>RV; 1<RV 13.16; 2.63
P 5>RV 3.17 1 >RV 5.88 4>RV 3.88 0>RV 0
Note: RV - reference values. differences between groups.
There are no significant statistical
4. Bandazheuskyi Yu., Dubova N. The role of the folate cycle genome in establishing links between homocysteine, hormones of the pituitary-thyroid axis and vitamins of the «B» group in children
Fig.
Associations between Rohrer's index and blood
metabolic variables in children from a total group
from the districts, bordering the Chornobyl exclusion zone. Innovative scientific researches: European development trends and regional aspect: monograph. Riga, Latvia : Baltija Publishing, 2020. P. 4262. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-38-9-53
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Table 6
Results of correlation analysis between RI, 137Cs and metabolic variables in children from Polessky district
RI
TSN ___у.
^^^^ T3
Ca / Y /' t V H
pTÏÏ'VT д IS^j T4
Cort ^¡Nv \
CI4*^
P
Paramet ers Correlation coefficient Value Parameters Correlation coefficient Value
RI & 137Cs Spearman's -.241 ** 137Cs & Т3 Spearman's .206**
Sign. (2-tailed), p .002 Sign. (2-tailed), p .010
N 158 N 158
RI & CT Spearman's -.175* Нсу & Са сУ Spearman's .314**
Sign. (2-tailed), p .028 Sign. (2-tailed), p .000
N 158 N 158
RI & Т3 Spearman's -.216** TSH & Т4 Spearman's -.239**
Sign. (2-tailed), p .006 Sign. (2-tailed), p .002
N 158 N 158
RI & Р Spearman's -.250** TSH & Т3 Spearman's 211**
Sign. (2-tailed), p .002 Sign. (2-tailed), p .008
N 158 N 158
RI & PTH Spearman's -.165* TSH & Р Spearman's .178*
Sign. (2-tailed), p .038 Sign. (2-tailed), p .026
N 158 N 158
PTH & Т3 Spearman's .243** Т4& Р Spearman's -.196*
Sign. (2-tailed), p .002 Sign. (2-tailed), p .014
N 158 N 158
PTH & Р Spearman's .301** Т4 & Cort Spearman's .187*
Sign. (2-tailed), p .000 Sign. (2-tailed), p .019
N 158 N 158
Т3& Р Spearman's .290** - - -
Sign. (2-tailed), p .000
N 158
Note: * -
**
■ correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed); - correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
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