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Shukurullaev Botir Amanbaevich, Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Science of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Senior Research Associate, a doctorate candidate E-mail: ximtex.botir86@mail.ru Yusupov Farhod Makhkamovich, doctor of Engineering Science, Head of the laboratory "Chemical Technology" Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Science of the Republic of Uzbekistan, E-mail: ximtex.botir86@mail.ru
COMMERCIAL OIL SLUDGE AS A SOURCE OF BINDER FOR ASPHALT-CONCRETE ROADS AND THEIR QUALITY
Abstract: Qualitative indicators of resulting resinaceous binder as density, softening temperature, dropping, viscosity, molecular weight, penetration and others were high enough. The obtained product meets the normative requirements of petroleum bitumen for road asphaltic coating and can be used instead ofJarkurgan oil.
Keywords: oil, oil sludge, bitumen, binder, sulfonating, viscosity, penetration.
Analysis of the published literature showed that, According to the research of many types of resit is very important to find new sources of petroleum ervoir oil sludge, it is established that the ratio of bitumen for construction of broad front of new petroleum products, water and mechanical impuri-buildings and new motor roads in accordance with ties (particles of sand, clay, rust, etc.) varies within the needs of the Republic, which is rapidly devel- very wide limits. Hydrocarbons are 5-90%, water is oping after independence. Thereby our choice has 1-52% and solid impurities are 0.8-65%. As a con-focused on oil sludge, whose reserves are estimated sequence, such significant change in the composi-at millions of tons, they currently do not have proper tion of oil sludge determine the range of changes in application and in many cases are not disposed of, their physical-chemical characteristics, which are but buried as oil wastes [1-3]. very broad.
Table 1.- Natural composition of various oil sludge
Name of composition Types of oil sludge,% of mass
Reservoir
From kerosene From diesel From slurry-basin-terminal From oilfields
Carbohydrates 88-93 86-90 85-90 82-90
Mineral impurities 3.8-4.5 5.7-6.1 9.5-10.2 8.5-10.7
Crystallization water 1.5-3.2 2.9-3.4 3.5-4.6 2.2-3.0
The compositions for various types of oil sludge erage intervals of their hydrocarbons content are are confirmed by the data of their analysis and av- presented.
Table 2.- Group Composition of oil sludge
Name of group hydrocarbon composition Types of oil sludge,%
Subterranean Bottom Reservoir Commercial
High-molecular paraffin 42-50 32-35 30-35 25-40
Condensed aromatic 8-10 20-25 10-12 20-25
Naphthene-Aromatic 15-17 20-22 25-35 15-17
Asphaltene-resinous 13-15 10-15 15-20 30-35
The densities of oil sludge range from 9301300 kg / m, and the congelation temperature from -3 °C to + 80 °C. The flash point is in the range from 35 to 120 °C. When water enters the volume of petroleum derivatives, stable water-oil emulsions form, which are stabilized by the natural stabilizers contained in the petroleum products from a number of asphaltenes, resins and paraffins. The upper layer of oil sludge is a watered oil, which contains up to 5% finely dispersed impurities and belongs to the class of water-in-oil emulsions. The composition of this layer includes 70-80% of oil, 6-25% of asphaltenes, 7-20% of resins, and 1-4% of paraffins. The water content does not exceed 5-8%. The organic part of the freshly formed upper layer of the oil sludge is fairly often similar in composition and properties to the original petroleum product stored in the tanks.
The oil of Southern Uzbekistan (Jarkurgan) is a good raw material for obtaining road bitumen [4], which contains up to 90% of excise resins, high sulfur (more than 3%), paraffin (about 3%) and small amounts of light fractions.
The quality of the Jarkurgan oil processed to road
bitumen is as follows:
Density, d204 0.9584;
Molecular weight 396;
Sulfur,% of mass 4.0;
Neutral resins,% of mass 28.1;
Excise resins, volume% 92;
Asphaltenes content,% of mass 1.9;
Coke content,% of mass 8.87;
Nitrogen,% of mass 0.5;
Paraffin with destruction,% of mass 2.93;
Congelation temperature, 0C 2;
Flash temperature, °C 96;
Acid number, mg KOH/g 0.45;
Relative viscosity, at 100 0C 3.7.
It can be seen from the given data, that the Jarkurgan oil is sulphurous and paraffinic.
The bitumen obtained from Jarkurgan oil, is an externally dark, solid mass with the following characteristics:
Softening temperature in K and W, oC 88; Penetration at 25 o 15;
The content of insoluble in hot benzene sub-stances,% 0.32;
Ash content,% 0.08;
Flash temperature according to Brenken, oC295; Solubility in linseed oil in the ratio of bitumen: oil = 1: 1 at a temperature of270-280° full; Solubility of bitumen alloy with linseed oil in white - alcohol in the ratio of alloy: white - alcohol = 2: 1 full
We used oil sludge from the Feruza mine of «Shurtanneftegaz» LLC as an object of research to obtain the binder. The inquired into sample was a dark and viscous paste and had the following physi-cochemical parameters:
Viscosity according to VZ-3 at 50 oC, sec 28; Density at 20 °C, kg/m3 988;
Content of oil fractions,% up to 98;
Residual water content,% up to 22
In subsequent investigations we indicate the range of the obtained results, due to the fact that the oil sludge in the initial state was a heterogeneous mass.
An analysis of the group composition and the determination of the physicochemical properties of the oil sludge yielded the following results:
Specific gravity, g/cm3 0.990 - 1.150;
Congelation temperature, 0C 17-20;
Viscosity according to VZ-3 at 60 0C, sec10-12; Hydrocarbons,%
- condensed naphthenes (asphaltenes) 20-30;
- hydrocarbons of the alto naphthalene series
15-25;
- resinous substances 5-8. The reservoir oil sludge can be a raw material for
obtaining the binder base of highways according to obtained data.
This task was solved based on the development of a technological process for the sulfonating ofoil sludge on a model plant with concentrated sulfuric acid in order to create a tarry (bitumen analog) binder that could be used in sandy-gravel decking of highways [5-7].
The resulting binder from the oil sludge has similar characteristics to road bitumen.
Sulfonating of the oil sludge yielded a dark solid mass, soluble in liquid hydrocarbons - a binder with the following properties: specific gravity: 1.085-1.115 g/cm3; the viscosity q according to VZ-4 at 60 0C - 40-43 sec; softening point is 50-54 °C. The resulting binder from the oil sludge has similar characteristics to road bitumen (Table 3).
The obtained binder had sufficiently high qualitative indices (density, softening temperature, dropping, viscosity, molecular weight, penetration, etc.). This product meets the normative requirements of petroleum bitumen for road asphaltic coating and can be used instead ofJarkurgan oil.
Table 3.- Physicochemical properties of the resulting binders
№ Sludge ratio: H2SO4 Temperature, K Time, min Relative viscosity, 0 Of limber hole 5 mm, C,„5, sec 60 Penetration At 298K, mm Softening temperature (no RHm), K Extensibility at 298K, sm
1. Control of oil sludge 22
2. 98: 2 403 78 70 313 45
3. 97: 3 403 147 80 314 53
4. 95: 5 403 30 530 90 315 62
5. 90: 10 403 30 Viscous mass 137 316 65
The resulting binder was tested in road construc- construction, in particular, in the construction of
tion on the routes of SJSC "Uzavtoyul" with positive asphalt road bases.
results and recommended for application in road
References:
1. Gureev A. A. Technology of production of road bitumen. Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils, 2005.- No. 3.- P. 54-55.
2. Gureev A. A. In the book Collection of reports of the III All-Russian scientific-production conference on problems of production and application of bituminous materials, Perm (RF), 2007.- P. 35-47.
3. Konovalov A. A., Andreev A. F. In the book Collection of reports of the III All-Russian scientific-production conference on problems of production and application of bituminous materials, Perm (RF), 2007.- 313 p.
4. Khodzhaev G. H., Dmitriev P. P., Ryabova N. D. and others "Oil of Southern Uzbekistan (Jarkurgan)". In the book Oil of Uzbekistan, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR.,- Tashkent, 1962.- P. 213-241.
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6. Shukrullaev B. A., Yusupov F. M., Bekturdiyev G. M. Sulfurization of the tank oil sludge of the Angren terminal in order to obtain asphalt bitumen. Uzbek Chemistry magazine, 2002.- No. 5.- P. 54-56.
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