CC BY
16
ISSN 2522-1841 (Online) ISSN 0005-2531 (Print)
UDC: 547.625
CO(II), NI(II), ZN(II) AND CU(II) COMPLEXES WITH N,N'-6is-(2-HYDROXYBENZYL)BENZIDINE
S.Z.Ismayilova
M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry NAS of Azerbaijan
sabina.chemstry. [email protected] Received 20.05.2019
New binuclear complexes Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) with reduced Schiffs base were synthesized. The ligand was obtained by condensation of salicylaldehyde and benzidine at 2:1 molar ratio with following reducing by sodium borohydride. The composition and structure of the obtained complexes were studied by IR, electron spectroscopy, derivatography and elemental analysis.
Keywords: salicylaldehyde, benzidine, Schiff base, metal complexes.
doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2019-4-94-99
Introduction
The multipurpose Schiff bases present universal series of the ligands capable to connect of the transition metals ions and to generate complexes with suitable properties for theoretical researches or practical use. Therefore area of the research of complexes with the multidentate Schiff bases derivatives of aromatic amines and carbonyl compounds gained considerable development in view of their structural variety, universal types binding and perspective bioactive properties [1]. Among them there are complexes with tetradentate Schiffs bases, are capable to connect reversibly oxygen [2], to catalyze a number of reactions, such as oxidation of organic compounds [3-10], hydrogenation [10, 11], oxidation of DNA [12-15] the some of other processes [10].
Complexes with such ligands are also models of some metal enzymes participating in biological redox processes, such as dioxygen activation [16], decomposition of hydrogen peroxide [17, 18] and in hydrolytic processes [19, 20]. At the same time in literature there were no publications on the metal complexes with reduced tetradentate schiff bases.
In this work we received N,N'-bis(2-hydr-oxybenzyl)benzidine, its transition metal complexes and their structure and properties is studied.
Experimental part
Materials and methods
All chemicals and reagents were brands pure for chemical analysis and were used without any additional cleaning. IR spectrums were
obtained on the Nicolet IS10 spectrophotometer, electronic absorbtion spectrum on the UV-VIS Evolution 60S spectrophotometer, the ther-mogravimetric analysis was carried out with use of a derivatograph of NETZSCH STA 449F3, elemental analyzes were performed in the analytical laboratory Tubitak, Ankara, on the analyzer LECOCHNS 932.
Preparation of the reduced Schiff base
Schiff base (H2L) was synthesized by known method [21]. The reduced Schiff base H2L1 (Figure 1) was obtained as follows: 5 g (0.01 M) H2L was dissolved in a mixture of DMF and ethyl alcohol in 1:1 volume ratio NaBH4 was added with small amounts by mixing on magnetic stirring. At the end of reduction, the reaction solution was acidified with 10% HCl solution to pH=7.5 and left for crystallization in the refrigerated. A day later, the precipitated white polycrystalline product was filtered, washed with ethyl alcohol and dried in air. Yield - 4.35g 87%; m.p. - 2100C, molecular weight - 398.50 g/mol. Calculated for
C26H26N2O2 8.14. Found
C 79.58, H 5.15, N 7.13, O C 75.58, H 5.13, N 7.15.
Synthesis of metal complexes. Cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes with N,N'-bis-(2-hydroxybenzyl)benzidine (H2L1) were synthesized by mixing solutions of 0.010 mol metal acetate in 30 ml methanol and 0.005 mole H2L1 in 25 ml hot dimethylformamide. The Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes were obtained as insoluble precipitates after refluxing the reac-
tion mixture for 2-3 h, whereas the Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes dropped immediately at mixture solutions of metal salts and ligand. The powdery complexes were filtered, washed several times with ethanol and dried in air at room temperature. Below are the characteristics of the obtained complexes.
Complex [Cu2L'CH3COO)2(H2O)2] (1). Dark brown crystals with M.p. >250°C. Calculated for C30H32CU2N2O8 (%): C 53.33, H 4.77, N 4.15, Cu 18.80. Found (%): C 53.31, H 4.78, N 4.13, Cu 18.83. Main IR peaks (Vaseline, cm-1): 1598 (C-N), 499 (Cu-N), 1261 (C-O), 3402 (v H2O), 572 (Cu-O).
Complex [Co2L'2] (2). Brown powder with m.p. >250°C. Calculated for C52H44C02N4O4 (%): C 68.87, H 4.89, N 6.18, Co 12.99. Found (%): C 68.86, H 4.90, N 6.20, Co 12.97. Main IR peaks (Vaseline, cm-1): 1596 (c-N), 487 (Co-N), 1258 (C-O), 3402 (v H2O), 580 (Co-O).
Complex [Ni2L'2] (3). Yellow crystalline powder with m.p. >2500C. Calculated for C52H44Ni2N4O4 (%): C 68.86, H 4.89, N 6.19, Ni 12.98. Found (%): C 68.84, H 4.90, N 6.18,
Ni 12.99. Main IR peaks (Vaseline, cm-1): 1589 (C-N), 491 (Ni-N), 1264 (C-O), 3402 (v H2O), 586 (Ni-O).
Complex [Zn2L'2] (4). Light yellow powder with m.p. >2500C. Calculated for
C52H44Zn2N4O4
C 67.91, H 4.82, N 6.09,
Zn 14.21. Found (%): C 67.89, H 4.83, N 6.10,
Zn 14.19. Main IR peaks (Vaseline, cm-1): 1593 (C-N), 495 (Zn-N), 1259 (C-O), 3402 (v H2O), 574 (Zn-O).
Results and discussion
The complexes are insoluble in water and in common organic solvents, such as ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform, benzene, diethyl ether, but dissolved in dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide. The structures of the complexes were established using elemental analysis, IR, ESR and UV-visible spectra, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), as well as their magnetic susceptibilities.
\ /S /
lh2
L'H2
Fig. 1. Structure of Schiff base H2L and reduced Schiff base H2L'.
Characterization of complexes IR spectra. In IR spectrum of the Schiff base (LH2) band absorption of azomethine bond C=N are observed at 1620 cm-1, which is absent in IR spectrum of the reduced L1H2. The band absorption secondary N-H group in the reduced schiffbase L1H2 appeared by two bands - a narrow intensive valent band absorption at 3260 cm-1 and deformation band at 1605 cm-1. In addition at 1240 cm-1 there is lea strip of valent vibration C-N bond (Figure 2).
Fig. 2. IR spectra: 1 - restored L1H2, 2 - source LH2 Schiff base.
H
H
N
H
H
In the IR spectrum of Cu(II) complex with LH2, the absorption band of the C=N group is shifted toward low wave numbers and is observed at 1600 cm-1, which is noticeably smaller than the same band in the free ligand. A weak band at 3440 cm-1 can be attributed to hygroscopic water. The absorption band of phenolic hydroxyl is absent. These data indicate participation in the coordination of the azomethine nitrogen atom and oxygen atom of phenolic group. The data of elemental analysis and thermogra-vimetry indicate the molar ratio of metal ion: lig-and is 1:1 and, accordingly, the composition [Cu2L2] (Figure 2). Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes have the similar structure with this ligand.
In the Ni(II) complex with a reduced Schiff base the band at 3275 cm-1, observed in the free L'H2 ligand, disappears and the bands at 3175 and 3400 cm-1 indicate participation of the amino group NH in coordination with the Ni(II) ion appears.
The IR spectrum of the Cu(II) complex with L'H2 in the region of NH vibrations contains a broadened band at 3150 cm-1, which can be attributed to coordinated NH group. The intensive narrow band at 3465 cm-1 may belong to hydroxyl group of the coordinated water molecule.
Magnetic moments and electronic spectra of the complexes. The electronic absorption spectrum of' ligand LH2 in the UV region contains two absorption bands at 210 and 295 nm. In the spectrum of the [Cu2L(CH3COO)2(H2O)2] complex, in addition to the ligand bands, new absorption appear at 260 and 320 nm in UV
and at 440, 460 nm in visible region and very weak band at 600 nm. The magnetic moment of this complex is equal 1.8 B.m. The [Co2L'2] complex shows a magnetic moment p,eff= 4.8 B.m, which to specify on the high-spin state Co(II) ion in this compound. In the electronic spectrum this complex, in addition to ligand bands, there is band at 280 nm. In contrast to the copper and cobalt complexes, [Zn2L'2] is diamagnetic, which undoubtedly indicates the square planar symmetry of this complex. There is full coincidence of the electronic spectra of cobalt and nickel complexes.
ESR spectra. The ESR spectrum of the [Cu2L2] copper complex in solid state has axial symmetry with two g-factor values: gi = 2.34, gi = 2.06. An anisotropic hyperfine splitting on the Cu63,65 nucleus (nuclear spin 3/2) with the constant An = 0.185 cm-1 is also observed.
The [Cu2L'(CHbCOO)2(H2O)2] complex also has spectrum characteristic of axial symmetry with g-factor values gi = 2.51 and gi = 2.10. The axial character of the ESR spectra of the Cu2L2 and [CuL'(CHsCOO)(H2O)] complexes, taking into account other data (elemental analysis, TGA, etc.), allows to accept the symmetry of the complexes, which is close to the square planar.
TGA. The thermal decomposition of discussed above complexes 1 -4 was studied in the temperature range of 20-9000C with a heating rate of 200/min. In Figure 3 shows the TG, DTG and DTA curves for the nickel complex.
Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the decomposition of compounds occurs in two stages. In the first stage, weight loss occurs in the temperature range of 150-3500C (depending on the nature of the metal ion), on the second stage, in the 400-6000C region, the final decomposition takes place to form the corresponding oxides. The amount of nickel oxides remaining after decomposition corresponds to the content of metals in the complexes, having the structure as in scheme.
The obtained data suggest the following structure for copper complexes with Schiff base LH2 and its reduced analogue LH2:
mate cation radicals at action one-electron oxidants. It is of interest to compare the stability of the formed cation radicals of ligand and their complexes, which can be obtained by action of bromine solution in acetic acid.
N o^oc^
[CU2L2]
N
CuC
H2O ^CCH,
[CU2L'(CHsCOO)2(H2O)2]
\
\ //
/ V .W
H2
[NÎ2L-2]
Diaminobenzidine derivatives are analogues of p-phenylenediamines and so must be redox-active, like p-phenylenediamine. The transition metal complexes with derivatives of diaminobenzidine, namely with reduced Schiff bases, as well as the initial ligands, capable to for-
ho
ar = h2C-Q
It was found, that the cation radicals of disubstituted benzidine are much less stable in comparison with the cation radicals of N, N'-disubstituted p-phenylenediamine. This likely due to significant disturbance of the conjugation between the nitrogen atoms in benzidine, owing to a possibility of rotation of benzene rings relatively each other. However, using electronic spectroscopy it is possible to observe the formation and decay of radicals. The absorption bands of the cation radical are observed at 470, 840 and 970 nm. Destabilization of the [ML1] + • cation radicals (where M is Cu(II), Zn(II)) may be caused the strong coulomb repulsion between positively charged radical cation and a metal ion. In Figure 4 shows the electronic spectra of the cation radicals LH2 and [Cu2L'(CH3COO)2(H2O)2] + • as well as their decay during time. The comparison of these spectra shows that the rate of decay [Cu2L'(CH3COO)2(H2O)2] + • cation radicals is much higher than [LH]+ \ Thus, the cation radicals [Cu2L'(CH3COO)2(H2O)2]+ • practically disappear within ~ 6 min, at that time a noticeable concentration of cation radicals [LH] + • are observed during 30 min.
H
H
H
Fig. 4. Electronic absorption spectra of cation radicals fo 1 - ligand LH2, 2 - complex [C^L^CHsCOOM^O^].
Conclusions
Thus, the bis-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-benzidine formed with the Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) ions binu-clear complexes of the composition [M2L2] and with Cu(II) a mixed ligand complex [Cu2L' (CH3COO)2(H2O)2]. It was shown that metal ion destabilizes cation radicals, which formed by action of an oxidizer(bromine).
References
1. Nassar A.M., Hassan A.M., Elkmash A.N. Synthesis, characterization, corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl (0.5 N) solution and solid-state electrical conductivity of new Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes. Appl. Organometal. Chem. 2016. No 31(3). P. 1-9.
2. Vigato P.A., Tamburini S. Advances in acyclic compartmental ligands and related complexes. Coord Chem. Rev. 2008. No 252. P. 1871-995.
3. Park S., Mathur V.K., Planalp R.P. Syntheses, solubilities and oxygen absorption properties of new cobalt(II) Schiff-base complexes. Polyhedron. 1998. No 17. P. 325-330.
4. Lee N.H., Byun J.C., Baik J.S., Han C-H, Han Sb. Development of Mn(III) (Schiff Base) complexes for the catalyst of olefin oxygenation to alcohols in the presence of NaBH4. Bull Korean Chem. Soc. 2002. No 23. P. 1365-1366.
5. Mardani H.R., Golchoubian H. Selective and efficient C-H oxidation of alkanes with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by a manganese( III) Schiff base complex. J. Mol. Cat. A. Chem. 2006. No 259. P. 197-200.
6. Kwiatkowski E., Romanowski G., Nowicki W., Kwiatkowski M., Suwinska K. Chiral dioxovana-dium(V) complexes with single condensation products of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane and aromatic o-hydroxycarbonyl compounds: synthesis, charac-
:d by the action of a Br2 solution in acetic acid on the
terization, catalytic properties and structure. Polyhedron. 2007. No 26. P. 2559-68.
7. Maurya M.R., Chandrakar A.K., Chand S. Zeolite-Y encapsulated metal complexes of oxovanadi-um(VI), copper(II) and nickel(II) as catalyst for the oxidation of styrene, cyclohexane and methyl phenyl sulfide. J. Mol. Cat. A. Chem. 2007. No 274. P. 192-201.
8. Ourari A., Baameur L., Khan M.A., Bouet G. Is the electrocatalytic epoxidation of stilbene isomers using manganese (III) tetradentate Schiff bases complexes stereoselective. Electrochem Commun. 2008. No 10. P. 1736-1739.
9. Roy P., Nandi M., Manassero M., Ricco' M., Mazzani M., Bhaumik A., Banerjee P. Four l4-oxo-bridged copper(II) complexes: magnetic properties and catalytic applications in liquid phase partial oxidation reactions. Dalton Trans. 2009. No 43. P. 9543-54.
10. Ourari A., Khelafi M., Aggoun D., Bouet G., Khan M.A. Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical study of tetradentate ruthenium-Schiff base complexes: dioxygen activation with a cyto-chrome P450 model using 1- or 2-methylimi-dazole as axial bases. Adv. Phys. Chem. 2011. doi: 10.1155/2011/157484.
11. Gupta K.C., Sutar A.K.. Catalytic activities of Schiff base transition metal complexes. Coord Chem Rev. 2008. No 252. P. 1420-50.
12. Krishnaraj S., Muthukumar M., Viswanathamurthi P., Sivakumar S. Studies on ruthenium(II) Schiff base complexes as catalysts for transfer hydrogenation reactions. Trans Met Chem. 2008. No 33. P. 643-8.
13. Burrows C.J., Muller J.G., Poulter G.T., Rokita S.E. Nickel-catalyzed oxidations: from hydrocarbons to DNA. Acta Chem Scand. 1996. No 50. P. 337-44.
14. Firdausa F., Fatmaa K., Azama M., Khanb S.N., Khanb A.U., Shakir M. Template synthesis and physico-chemical characterization of Synthesis and characterisation of Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and
Cd(II) complexes 14-membered tetraimine macro-cyclic complexes, [MLX2] [M=Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)]. DNA binding study on [CoLCl2] complex. Spectrochim Acta Part A. 2009. No 72. P. 591-96.
15. Shakira M., Azama M., Parveena S., Khanb A.U., Firdaus F. Synthesis and spectroscopic studies on complexes of N,N0-bis-(2-pyridinecarboxaldimine)-1,8-diaminonaphthalene (L); DNA binding studies on Cu(II) complex. Spectrochim Acta Part A. 2009. No 71. P. 1851-6.
16. Shakir M., Khanam S., Azam M., Aatif M., Fir-daus F. Template synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of 16-membered [N4] Schiff-base macrocyclic complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II): in vitro DNA-binding studies. J. Coord. Chem. 2011. No 64. P. 3158-68.
17. Ourari A., Ouari K., Khan M.A., Bouet G. Dioxy-gen activation with a cytochrome P450 model characterization and electrochemical study of new
unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff-base complexes with iron(III) and cobalt(II). J. Coord. Chem. 2008. No 61. P. 3846-59.
18. Nakamura T., Niwa K., Fujiwara M., Matsushita T. Novel dinuclear manganese(III) complexes with tridentate and bridging tetradentate Schiff base ligands: preparation. properties and catalase-like function. Chem. Lett. 1999. No 10. P. 1067-8.
19. Dede B., Karipcin F., Cengiz M. Novel homo- and hetero-nuclear copper(II) complexes of tetraden-tate Schiff bases: synthesis, characterization, solvent-extraction and catalase-like activity studies. J. Hazard. Mat. 2009. No 163. P. 1148-56.
20. Halcrow MA, Christou G. Biomimetic chemistry of nickel. Chem Rev. 1994. No 94. P. 2421-81.
21. Zeyad A. Saleh, Dhaidan Kh. Kafi. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization for bis-(salysylal-dehyde) Benzidine. Physical Chemistry 2016. V. 6. No 2. P. 49-56.
N,N'-Ais-(2-HIDROKSIBENZIL)-BENZIDININ CO(II), NI(II), ZN(II) VO CU(II) KOMPLEKSLORI
S.Z.ismayilova
Salisilaldehid va benzidinin 2:1 mol nisbatinda kondensasiyasi ila sintez edilmi§ va müvafiq olaraq natriumborhidridla hidrogenbíjdirilmiíj §iff asasi ila Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) va Cu(II) kegid metallannin yeni ikinüvali komplekslari sintez edilmi§dir. Sintez edilmi§ komplekslarin qurulu§ va xassalari element analizi, ÍQ va elektron spektroskopiya, hamginin derivatoqrafiya metodlari ila oyranilib.
Agar sozlar: salisil aldehid, benzidin, §ijf 3sasi, metal kompleksbr.
КОМПЛЕКСЫ CO(II), NI(II), ZN(II) И CU(II) ^^-6ис-(2-ГИДРОКСИБЕШИЛ)-БЕШИДИНОМ
С.З.Исмаилова
Синтезированы новые биядерные комплексы Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) и Cu(II) с восстановленным Шиффовым основанием, полученным путем конденсации салицилальдегида и бензидина, при мольном отношении 2:1, c последующим восстановлением боргидридом натрия. Состав и строение полученных комплексов изучены методами элементного анализа, ИК- и электронной спектроскопии, а также дериватографически.
Ключевые слова: салицилальдегид, бензидин, основание Шиффа, комплексы металла.
