CC BY
7
UDK 004.02:004.5:004.9
Memonova G.N. assistant professor of Karshi branch of TUIT Jurakulov Sh.B. assistant professor of Karshi branch of TUIT
CLOUD STORAGE. TOPICALITY AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Annotation: The article is devoted to cloud services and technologies. It provides an overview of the most popular cloud storage, a description of the deployment models and the relevance of their use. There is also an analysis of trends in the development of cloud computing until 2020.
Keywords: cloud computing, cloud storage, cloud computing development trends.
Cloud data storages are services that provide the ability to store your files on remote servers, as well as access them from anywhere in the world where there is Internet access. In the conditions of rapidly growing volumes of stored and transmitted information, these services have become popular and in demand by users. Share a photo with a friend, access the book simultaneously on multiple devices, save a backup copy of important information in case of loss or failure of a flash drive or hard drive, as well as perform any other actions with information and data thanks to cloud technologies.
In various companies, cloud data warehouses have also found their application. Today, due to rapidly developing technologies, the main tool of companies in the competition for their place is information. It is impossible to make a single adequate, timely, guaranteeing the success of a managerial decision without information on the issue being addressed. Every day in the company there is a large mass of information necessary for making decisions. It accumulates in various sources and repositories, turning into the experience of the enterprise. Every year this information becomes more and more and, accordingly, the need for computing power for storing and processing such a quantity of data increases, which leads to large costs of time, money, human and other resources.
Therefore, cloud technologies are increasingly used in many sectors of the economy, and even in such an as yet insufficiently automated area of the economy.
Cloud computing is a new approach that reduces the complexity of IT systems through the use of a wide range of effective technologies. Turning to the "clouds", enterprises can get many benefits, including reducing IT costs, improving the quality of service and dynamism of the business. The Cloud helps employees focus on strategic projects of the company, rather than on routine tasks, for example, managing their own data centers [3].
Types of "clouds"
There are 3 deployment models - private, public (public) and hybrid "clouds". Below is a brief description and basic characteristics of these species.
Private "clouds" are intended for use within the company. It may belong to the organization itself or be hosted by the provider. This deployment model provides more control and higher security because infrastructure components and consumers are within the same organization. Everything is optimally configured for the needs of this company. However, this approach to IT infrastructure involves significant costs of material, financial and labor resources. Deploying it on its territory, the company will significantly spend on the purchase of hardware and software, the payment of relevant IT personnel and administration [4].
The public "cloud" is provided by the data service provider and can, unlike the private one, be freely used by the general public (for example, Google Drive, Mail.ru Cloud). When such an IT infrastructure is located on the territory of the supplier, this eliminates the cost of hardware and software, as in the case of a private "cloud", and their maintenance. To access the services, you need only the Internet. For companies, this deployment model is also beneficial in exploiting the fact that the downtime risks associated with server outages disappear. The powerful and high-quality equipment of the provider is always under the control of qualified personnel. The downside of the public "cloud" is primarily the lack of control on the part of the customer. Poor performance, data transfer speed and poor data security will also not attract a serious company to sign an agreement with a provider of such services. Mostly, these "clouds" are intended for private use - file sharing, sending messages.
Hybrid "clouds" combine the infrastructures of the above models. Providers provide part of the services as a private "cloud", and part as a public. This combination allows you to save on organizing your own infrastructure, but at the same time gain control and a high level of security.
At the moment, there are many cloud data warehouses [6, p.16], each of which offers a certain set of functions, and, of course, has its pros and cons.
Of course, the main advantage, a distinctive feature of cloud data storage, any deployment model, is the ability to access data from any device that has Internet access. Users have the ability to publish their files, share them, edit them, view in a browser. The cloud service also keeps a history of file changes. They also have the ability to synchronize folders between devices - a personal computer, smartphone, tablet, etc. Cloud storage allows you to organize file sharing for viewing or editing by establishing a certain circle of people. Data safety is guaranteed due to the use by the provider of "cloud" services of backup disks with copies of files. To protect user data from viewing by third parties, encryption of this data is used. Depending on the service, the key can be stored on the server side or on the user side. In the first case, the system ensures the confidentiality of the key and data, decrypting them for the user. In the second case, only the user himself or the person to whom the user will personally transmit the key can
decrypt the protected data. However, if this key is lost, the user himself will be unable to decrypt them.
Cloud storage services can also provide developer tools and application programming interfaces (APIs). Such tools are used in the development of third-party services and enterprise applications that use the space and functions of the existing cloud data storage.
The type of "cloud" depends on the restriction on the storage of information - the amount of disk space, the maximum file size, etc. The public clouds discussed in detail in this article make it possible to store a certain initial amount of data in your personal space for free. Some of them also provide the possibility of free expansion of disk space.
After analyzing the most popular of them, a comparative table was compiled according to the evaluation criteria (table 1).
Browsed Cloud Data Warehouses:
1. DropBox
2. Google Drive
3. Yandex.Disk
4. MEGA
5. Cloud Mail.ru
6. 4shared
7. Files.fm
8. OneDrive
The analysis was carried out according to the following criteria:
1. Provided free space
2. Free expansion options
3. Paid extension
4. Mobile access
5. File Sharing
6. Editing files
7. Server localization
All the "clouds" considered in Table 1 are public. However, their development companies can also provide services for businesses by deploying hybrid or private architectures.
Dropbox works by syncing files with a folder application installed on devices. The service can be used not only as a cloud storage, but also as a file sharing service - upload files to the public folder "Public".
Google Drive, Yandex.Disk and the Mail.ru cloud are cloud data stores that are very similar in functionality. They store the files of their users in the "cloud", allow them to organize joint access to them, edit in the browser, thanks to sets of office applications [7 p.32, 6].
MEGA is primarily a cloud file sharing service. Its main functions are storing and transferring files to other users. An important feature of the service is
the encryption of downloaded data on the client side, and file access keys are distributed exclusively between trusted users.
4shared is also a cloud-based file sharing hosting with the ability to search by category and publish files for general use.
Files.fm is a cloud-based file storage service for companies and private users. The service can be used without registration for exchange - the user copies files from a computer or phone to the server and receives links to them [5, 8 p.65].
OneDrive is Microsoft's cloud-based data storage. The service is fully integrated with Windows, the storage folder is available immediately after installing the system.
The advantages for cloud storage include:
• Large free disk space;
• Possibility of free expansion of disk space;
Editing documents in the browser.
It can be seen from the table that such cloud-based data storages as Google Drive, Cloud Mail.ru, MEGA, Yandex.Disk, 4shared and OneDrive are strongly distinguished by the initially provided free volume of disk space. But not every service also offers to expand it for free. Providers give an opportunity to increase free space by inviting friends for promotions with partners, thematic promotions related, for example, to holidays, etc. All considered public "clouds" provide the ability to organize file sharing, but you can edit them in all.
Table 1. Cloud data warehouse comparison chart
ree features expansion (to GB)
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—
— —
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Since the main feature of cloud storage is that a person can connect to them regardless of location, having access to the Internet, an undoubted advantage for the service is the presence of a mobile application. All of the cloud data storages discussed in Table 1 have them [4].
Trends
Hybrid "clouds" are gaining popularity [5, 1]. They allow you to combine several different "clouds" into one common system. This explains their advantage over other deployment models.
Technologies are developing, for example, the productivity of network equipment is increasing, the power consumption of processors is decreasing, and computing power is being increased with them, which leads to a decrease in the cost of the services provided [3].
Due to the depreciation of the ruble in our country, and, consequently, the increase in prices for hardware, more and more companies are forced to switch to the use of cloud storage. This is very important for automating enterprises that are experiencing an acute shortage of funds for automation. An example of such enterprises are organizations that use cloud services to manage apartment buildings [3, 4].
CONCLUSION
In the most general sense, based on all of the above, cloud technologies can be called technologies that allow client workstations to use external computing resources, storage capacities. Indeed, cloud technologies provide almost limitless possibilities thanks to their services, starting with simple storage information and ending with the provision of complex secure IT infrastructures. In addition to providing computing power to end users, cloud technologies provide new workplaces for IT professionals who are able to configure and maintain "clouds".
And since the technologies themselves are quite young, research continues on the possibility of their application in various areas of life. The main difficulty in the development of cloud technologies is not in solving technical issues, but in choosing a mutually beneficial development path. That is why many commercial and government organizations participate in the discussion of concepts and choose strategies for the development of IT systems.
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UDK 004.02:004.5:004.9
Madrahimov Sh.N., farm.f.d. k.i.x. Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute
