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0Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 - 5.81 2022 - 5.94
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ ECONOMIC SCIENCES
UDC 338.46
CIRULAR ECONOMY AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES
N. G. ZABRODSKAYA
Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Minsk, Belarus
Abstract. The efficiency of serial and mass production accelerated urbanization processes in 19 th century in Europe. In the Republic of Belarus only in the 70 s of the XX century the urban population exceeded the rural one and the processes of urbanization. Currently, only officially 2 million people of the 9.4 million population of the republic lives in Minsk. The coronavirus pandemic that has swept the whole world in a year, which has collected the largest number of victims in highly urbanized countries (USA, Great Britain), requires the development of a new philosophy, principles and methods of economic development. Information and communication technologies, the Internet, make it possible to organize remote workplaces with comfortable working conditions.
Keywords: circular economy, resource conservation, waste.
Introduction. The global economy, the deepening division of labor, the coronavirus pandemic requires new approaches to the sustainable development of the country. The inertia of grossgenerating enterprises, technologies of the sectors of the Belarusian industry, built on a linear basis:
production - use - waste disposal,
almost all environmental problems in the sale of 60% of the products of the open Belarusian economy on world markets. The rise in the cost of using raw materials, material, financial resources, human resources, their higher cost compared to the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, the need to develop a new philosophy of costs and a clear definition of development priorities.
Waste management dynamics in Belarus. Per capita in Belarus, 6.2 tons of industries and 402 kg of household waste are generated annually. Approved at the agreed Council of Ministers of May 02, 2017, No. 10 and in the annual forecasts of the country's socio-economic development, the values: 2012, 10% of waste was recycled, in 2022 - 28.5.
According to experts from UN, by 2050 the population of the Earth will increase from 7.6 at the present time to 9 billion people. The World Bank predicts the formation of 2.2 billion tons of waste in the world in 2025. Consequently, the detrimental effect on the environment of the environment of population growth and resource consumption will increase. Humanity must realize that any product produced is a waste postponed in time. With exhaustive non-renewable resources, the Vest's recommendation is criminal: "If you want to become a millionaire, come up with something disposable." Countries have developed a complex culture of one-time consumption, when people throw away things that have not served their life.
Principles and methods of building a circular economy. The coronavirus pandemic that swept the whole world in a year, which brought together the largest number of people in highly urbanized countries (USA, UK), requires the development of a new philosophy, principles and methods of development, putting at the forefront of human interests, preserving his health and ecology of the environment. One of the planned ways out of the EU crisis is the European Green Deal, within which it is planned to double the amount of recycled materials by 2030.
According to the United Nations definition, environmental degradation is a tool for increasing human well-being, social equality, reducing adverse environmental impacts and the risks of environmental degradation. The concept of green growth was introduced, ensuring the growth of sustainable development without affecting the quality and quality of natural resources, using an emphasis on green sectors.
For the Republic of Belarus, the principles of a green economy are formulated as follows:
1. Application of successful practices in the management of air, water, soil, waste management and the development of environmental legislation.
ОФ "Международный научно-исследовательский центр "Endless Light in Science"
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
Impact Factor: SJIF 2021 - 5.81 ECONOMIC SCIENCES
2022 - 5.94
2. Increase in organic agriculture and imports of organic products, the introduction of certificates for it.
3. Creating green jobs, attracting foreign direct investment, promoting environmental innovation based on the country's research potential.
4. Support for adaptation measures.
5. Carrying out energy efficiency measures in Belarus.
Conclusions. The business model of a circular economy involves the production of a closed cycle, the use of waste, causing minimal damage to the environment. It supports the position of the national economy due to greater independence from external raw material flows. The circular economy is based on:
1) minimization of consumption of primary resources and their reuse;
2) implementation of green business models;
3) an increase in the service life of goods;
4) minimizing the amount of waste and introducing new environmentally friendly methods of recycling.
The principles of a circular economy save money for both consumers and manufacturing companies, reduce the use of renewable resources and reduce the amount of waste. More and more companies, well-known world brands produce goods from secondary raw materials, establish a system of re-collection of their products and packaging.
Service business models, tied not to things, but to their functionality, the transition from consumption to use, are becoming more and more popular: rental of electrical appliances, construction tools, car sharing. The efficiency of the use of equipment, transport, technology increases significantly.
Information and communication technologies, the Internet, make it possible to organize remote workplaces, remote employment, dispersing employees in cottage settlements that provide high-quality living and working conditions.
LIST OF SOURCES
1. Gusakov, V.G. Methodological foundations of the formation and development of the Belarusian economic model / V. G. Gusakov, V. L. Gursky // Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. - No. 1. - P.6-21.
2. Korotkevich, A.I. Organizational and economic mechanisms of transformation of the national economic system of the Republic of Belarus / Korotkevich A. I. - Minsk: BSU Publishing Center, 2020. - 351 p.
3. Shumilin, A.G. Problems and prospects of innovative development of the Republic of Belarus / A. G. Shumilin // Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. - No. 1. - P.50-57.
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