CC BY
38
Электронное научное издание Альманах Пространство и Время Т. 12. Вып. 2 • 2016
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2
Рецензия
Post scriptum: переводы, рецензии, мнения
Post scriptum: Translations, Reviews, Opinions / Post scriptum: Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review / Rezension
Mazing Yu.A.
Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context
Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p.
[Review]
Yury A. Mazing, D.Sc. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of History of Medicine in Institute for Experimental Medicine (St. Petersburg)
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-242X
E-mail: yury-a-mazing@j-spacetime.com; mzng@mail.ru
Sergey N. Winogradsky (1856—1953) was outstanding twentieth-century microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist whose talent and achievements was recognized by contemporaries even during his lifetime. In addition, he was multi-talented man (musician, successful businessman and landowner) and bright personality, whose life coincided with a bright period of Russian and world history from the last days of Alexander Il's reign until last years of Stalin's power. My review presents experience of annotated reading S. Winogradsky's memoirs published owing to the efforts the employees of archives of both Academy of Sciences of Institute of Experimental Medicine (St. Petersburg). Using textual analysis, and prosopological and source-study methods, I show the uniqueness of both main body of material based on rare archival documents, and book editors' commentaries. Those ones themselves are large-scale historical and scientific research, allowed not only to describe in detail great scientist's entourage, to analyze his scientific researches and to create retrospective of the socio-economic background of his life, but also to become a kind of reference for historians of science. In my review, I present my own interpretation of certain editorial comments, based on knowledge of the nuances of both the St. Petersburg and in the whole of Russian realities of the late 19th — early 20th centuries.
Keywords: Russian and world biology; Sergei N. Winogradsky; Imperial Institute for Experimental Medicine; status of professors and staff of the Imperial Institutes; archival documents; comments.
Everybody who touched scientific creative works of great microbiologist Sergey N. Winogradsky inevitably wants to know more about his life. He was amazing, talented and versatile person, a classical type of 'cabinet' scientist, lone scientist, who was placed on a pedestal of 'classic of science' by his colleagues during his lifetime. From the other hand, he was professional pianist and musician, successful landowner and businessmen, a person whose lifetime included in not only whole Europe, but the way from the guard of honor near the coffin of Imperator Alexander II till the last year of Stalin's power.
Rumors about detailed notes of Sergei Winogradsky circulated among scientific intelligentsia for a long time. Although the word 'rumors' is totally incorrect definition of orally transmitted information about events that didn't coincide with the ideological attitudes and stereotypes in Soviet time. Nevertheless, such knowledge inevitably had several characteristics of 'rumors', as always had not concrete and amorphous form with obligatory absence of the author of information. Many people knew Winogradsky's' diary exist somewhere; they also knew about his manuscript narrated of his life. The situation was clarified due to first publications on this theme by Academician Georgy A. Zavarzin (1933—2011) [Zavarzin 2006], from which we knew that this part
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
of great scientist's archive existed: Academician Alexander A. Imshenetsky (1905—1992) who was director of the Institute of Microbiology of USSR Academy of Sciences, kept this manuscript in his director's safe.
I feel blessed to find out (in one of the one-on-one talks) that biochemist Anatoly N. Klimov (1920—2011) was well acquainted with Selman Waksman and kept the book about S.N. Winogradsky that Waksman presented Klimov during their conversation in RAS Institute of Experimental Medicine [Waksman 1953]. Later, the opportunity to publish this book in Russian translation has appeared [Mazing et al. 2002]. Of course, we provide the book of the Nobel laureate about the director of our Institute with biographical essay that was based first of all on studying materials from Winogradsky's personal file [Central State Archive of St. Petersburg, fund 2282, inventory 2, archival unit 100].
Fig. 1. Sergei N. Winogradsky (1856— Fig. 2. Selman Abraham Waksman (1888—1973), Russian-born American inventor, biochemist and 1953), Russian microbiologist, microbiologist, the Nobel prizeman in Physiology or Medicine (left) and his book about Sergei
ecologist and soil scientist Winogradsky (Waksman S.A. Sergei N. Winogradsky: His Life and Work: The Story of a Great
Bacteriologist. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1953) (right)
Publishing of Chronicle of Our Life [Winogradsky 2013] is the result of work of many people, who not only had saved the unique documents, but also allowed us to study them nowadays. This edition is very substantial, well-illustrated with rare photos. Winogradsky's memories written during Nazis occupation of Paris, is the centerpiece of Chronicle. Chronicle as such was divided by Winogradsky himself into 7 chapters. The way in which compilers have included some fragments from diary of the scientist in the text of chapters (which allowed better understand Winogradsky's narration of his life events), was interesting publishing method which prove its value.
Fig. 3. Cover (left) and title page (right) of Chronicle of Our Life
(Moscow, 2013)
Review
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context.
Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
The first chapter of Chronicle is dedicated to the Winogradsky's childhood and adolescence. The second chapter (with two subsections Matrimonial Alliance and The Crisis) covers years of his study in St. Petersburg Conservatory and University. The third chapter of Winogradsky's memoirs tells about his work in Strasburg and Zurich. This smallest chapter is information saturated, so comments to it are of the same volume as its text. Facts presented in this chapter invariably will cause an increased interest because they describe chemosynthesis-related events that allow tracing both the emergence of this idea and phenomenon as such. The fourth chapter was named Duty. The Institute of Experimental Medicine. This is the new source of information that was previously not available to us. However earlier, some facts leaked out periodically, sometimes even in publications (whose authors do not disclose the source). Fifth chapter (The Borough. Clarens) and sixth one (War. Revolution. Emigration) narrate of the long period of Winogradsky's life in Europe, in his estate in Ukraine, in Odessa, which ended with a forced flight from Russia. Seventh chapter (Brie-Comte-Robert), of almost a hundred pages, covered all time of scientist's work in specially created for him laboratory of the Pasteur's Paris Institute.
Детство. Отрочество"
Глава II
Консерватория. Университет
Петербург. Дворце
Fig. 4. Initial pages of 1st, 2nd, 4th and 7th chapters of Chronicle
Comments on each chapter, carried out at the highest level, worthy of special mention. It is not an overstatement to say that they represent a large-scale historical and scientific study, which allowed characterizing in detail entourage of great scientist, to analyze his research and create a retrospective of socio-economic background of his life. Comments are read with great interest and may be used as a kind of reference book for historians of science. Part of these materials got the highest approval when was included in Doctoral thesis that was successfully defended on 10 Dec. 2013 [Kolotilova 2013].
Fig. 5. Double page spread of 6th chapter (left) and one of the pages of comments (right)
Review
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
Appendix is also of a great interest that makes 1/5 part of page count. It introduces documents from the archive of the Louis Pasteur Institute in scientific circulation. The first part of the Appendix includes journalistic works of S.N. Winogradsky, most of which are published for the first time on the basis of texts preserved in archive of the Pasteur Institute.
Fig. 6. Initial double page spreads of 1st and 2nd parts of Appendix
Winogradsky's article The Experimental Socialism fascinates everyone by strictly scientific approach to the results analysis of the social-economic experiment that was conducted in the second part of the 20th century. I recommend reading this work to everyone who got high education during the Soviet period. Large work (100 pages of the text!) Etudes about Bolshevism (Autoportrait of Bolshevism; The Day of Peaceful Revolt; Village under a Yoke of the Workers-Peasants Government) comes next; it also was published for a first time. And finally, reader can be acquainted with two small articles of Sergei Nikolayevich, published in newspapers that now are very difficult to access, and with another two ones that were found in archive of Lois Pasteur Institute.
The second part of the Appendix represents reports and speeches of the scientist were written and published (in French) during emigration. For this edition, N.N. Kolotilova translated all of them. Bibliography of works devoted to S.N. Winogradsky, extremely scrupulously and fully executed, comes next. Finally, this edition contains detailed index of names which includes approximately 2000 ones! By comparison: in edition Medical Petersburg [Grekova, Golikov 2001], similar index includes 1121 names, but it covers the period of three hundred years.
Fig. 7. Double page spread of bibliography of key publications about S.N. Winogradsky (left)
and initial page of index of name (right)
REVIEW
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context.
Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
Unfortunately, there are several mistakes in this magnificent publication that beyond all question is worthy of memory of outstanding scientist. These mistakes stem mainly from lack of knowledge of specific Petersburg realities. For example, in perfectly described introduction From Publishers (p. 16, first paragraph) is narrated about the museum of Medicine History of former Russian Academy of Medical Sciences in St. Petersburg, which does not exist. In the actual circumstances, it is referred to the museum (department) of the History of RAS Institute of Experimental Medicine. The Museum of Hygiene of City Center for Medical Prophylaxis (St. Petersburg) where the bust of S.N. Winogradsky belongs (Fig. 8), is not mentioned at all. Also, the conference in honor of the 150 anniversary of the birth of Winogradsky ("Biodiversity and Genetics of Microorganisms", St. Petersburg, 4—5 Sep. 2006) organized by Parisian and St. Petersburg Pasteur Institutes together with the Institute of Experimental Medicine, is worth mentioning. On day one of this conference, memory of Sergei Winogradsky was honored with midday cannon-shot from the bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress (Fig. 9). The St. Petersburg Mint rapped out a medal. It was this conference, where I managed to talk with Academician G.A. Zavarzin and to know that Sergey Winogradsky's manuscripts would be published. Now this perfectly published book is in our hands.
Fig. 8. Bust of Sergei N. Winogradsky in Museum of Hygiene of City Center for Medical Prophylaxis. St. Petersburg, Shuvalov Palace. Sculptor is unknown. Photo ©Yu. Mazing
Fig. 9. Pascal Maubert, General Consul of France in St. Petersburg, give a speech when opening of a conference "Biodiversity and Genetics of Microorganisms", St. Petersburg, 4—5 Sep. 2006. Photo from the website http://rapidsignal.ru/conference/ 04.09.2006/photos/#PhotoBig
Fig. 10. Anatoly B. Zhebrun (1942—2015), Director of St. Petersburg Pasteur Scientific and Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology fire a midday shot from the Naryshkin Bastion of Peter and Paul Fortress in honor of the 150th anniversary of the birth of S.N. Winogradsky.
Photo ©Yu. Mazing
I hasten to mention that all written below is nothing that additions to highly professional comments carried out by Galina A. Savina and Natalia N. Kolotilova. Nevertheless, I'd like make clear some nuances in their comments.
Comments to 1st Chapter ('Childhood. Adolescence')
In the comment no. 24 'Table of Ranks' is treated incorrectly. Its first three classes (Chancellor, Actual Privy Councillor, and Privy Councillor) were not civil ranks. Only the fourth and fifth classes were 'civil rank': Actual State Councillor (equal to the major general's rank) and State Councillor (equal to the colonel's rank). Truly, in 1854 the civilian of the 8th class (Collegiate Assessor, a rank equal to the captain) could still manage to take legal proceedings on introduction into hereditary nobility. However since 9 Dec. 1856, according to Alexander II's decree, such opportunity was given only to the rank of Actual State Councillor.
Comments to 2nd Chapter ("Conservatory. University")
Winogradsky writes:
"To rise at 5 o'clock, on a small motor ship through the river Neva to the Vyborg side to military barracks of the Moscow regiment" [Winogradsky 2013, p. 99].
The comment no. 57 said that in 1817—1890 the regiment was deployed in military barracks of local troops (Embankment of Fontanka River, 90). There is a contradiction, as at that time scientist lived on Gagarinskaya Str., 30 (Furmanov Str. in 1952— 1998) which is located along Fontanka, and he would go to Gorokhovaya Str. by foot (it is about 30 minutes). In fact, since 1862, the Life-Guard Moscow Regiment settled down on the Vyborgskaya Side, on Bolshoy Sampsoniyevsky Avenue, 63—65 (K. Marx Avenue in Soviet period). Although Liteyny Bridge already functioned during the time of Winogradsky' serving in the army
Review
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context.
Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
(it was opened on 30 Sep. 1879), he preferred waterway, most likely because of high cost of a cabman. Nowadays, territory of military barracks where scientist served, is occupied by the Military Institute of Physical Culture (land plot of house no. 63) and by St. Petersburg State Pediatric University (land plot of house no. 65).
In his memoirs, Sergey Winogradsky writes: "I found a suitable cottage in Lesnoe." In the comment no. 70, it is noted: 'means Lesnoy Avenue,' but it is not relevant. 'Lesnoe' (that means 'forestal' in English) that is historical district of St. Petersburg, received this name after Forestry Institute (initial name 'Forest Corps') was transferred here from Tsarskoye Selo. This area spreads to the north from the estate of Forestry Institute limited from the South and the West by railway of the Finnish Railroad up to Udel'ny Park and the estate of the Polytechnical Institute. Since 1830, the Forestry Institute (nowadays St. Petersburg State Forestry Technical University), in need of money, began selling the land parcels to private individuals, and this district turned very quickly into the busy suburb of St. Petersburg. Lesnoy Avenue starts from Finland Station and abuts the corp of Forestry Technical University from the South-East.
Fig. 11. Forest Institute in St. Petersburg suburb in 1896, postal card (left) and district Forest Corps, Institutskaya [Institution] Street,
postal card of the late 19th — early 20th cc. (right)
Comments to 4th Chapter ("Duty. The Institute of Experimental Medicine")
Note no. 1: the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine. I will dare to return once more to the status of the nobility in Russia. Full members of the Institute and its members-employees were equated in their rights to ordinary professors of universities, and, respectively, in the course of state service, they could be created a rank of the Actual State Councillor. Prince Alexander von Oldenburg did not forget attendants of the Institute who were equated to prison attendants that gave the right to pension for length of service after certain number of years. Sergey Winogradsky was created an Actual State Councilors for distinguished by His Imperial Majesty's Order no. 66 issued to the Civil Department of 30 Aug. 1904. However, he didn't invoke his right to get Russian nobility and didn't address with corresponding petition about including himself and members of his family into the genealogical book of noblemen of the Podolsk governorate.
Fig. 12. Sergei N. Winogradsky in his laboratory in Imperial Institute of Exprrimental Medicine.
Photo from reviewed edition
Review
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context.
Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
Ivan P. Pavlov was not elected as Honorable Director. Official Gazette reported on 10 (23) July 1913 about this event:
"According to the Imperial Report of His Highness Prince Alexander Petrovich Oldenburgsky, the permission of His Imperial Majesty for designation of the consultative member of Medical Council, full member of the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, ordinary Academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, Privy Councilor Pavlov to post of Honorable Director of Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine, with keeping on current positions, was ensued."
Unlike Winogradsky, Ivan Pavlov exercises his right to acquire Russian nobility. In October, 1896, thanks to Prince A. von Oldenburg's submitting, nomination in Actual State Councilor 'for exclusive merits in a scientific field', scientist became 'civil general' or, as Sergey Winogradsky writes in his Chronicles, 'civic general' [Winoradsky 2013, p. 28]. In May 1897, I.P. Pavlov wrote petition based on which he and members of his family were included in the genealogical book of noblemen of the St. Petersburg governorate 'according to the His Imperial Majesty's Order' [Archive of the Institute for Experimental Medicine. Ivan P. Pavlov's personal file 320].
Describing the events of 1897—1898, Winogradsky mentions 'recurrence of passion for music' (which he perceived as an antagonist of science) and, in this regard, on the resumption of acquaintance with a certain Mr. Solomon, a professional musician and teacher [Winogradsky 2013, p. 192—193]. Commenting on this remark (in the note no. 69), editors are absolutely fair to say that 'a certain Mr. Solomon,' beyond all doubt, could not be Active State Councilor Alexander P. Salomon (1853—1906) [Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg, fund 11, inventory 1, archival unit 3950] who became Chief of the Main Prison Department since November 11, 1896 and Chancellor of Special Commission for the Prevention of Entering Plague Infection and Fighting It in the Event of Its Occurrence in Russia since January 11, 1897. Alexander Salomon is noteworthy by the fact that after numerous inspections and trip to Sakhalin Island, he managed to abolish penal servitude in Russian Empire. Later (since June 29, 1900) he became Director of Aleksandrovsky Lyceum.
Fig. 13. Active State Councilor Alexander P. Salomon (1853—1906), Chief of the Main Prison Department,
Director of Aleksandrovsky Lyceum * * *
Publishers preserved and prepared for us Sergey Winogradsky's autobiographical notes, his unknown and inaccessible publications; they executed truly titanic researches on studying horizontal communications of scientist, managed to recreate the spirit of the time, context and atmosphere of Imperial Russia and interwar Europe, including through scrupulous selection of very seldom-published illustrative material. Thanks to their magnificent work, we may communicate with one of twentieth-century geniuses, with his thoughts, emotions and reasoning impeccable in its logic.
References
1. Archive of the Institute for Experimental Medicine. Ivan P. Pavlov's personal file 320. 98 sheets. (In Russian).
2. Central State Archive of St. Petersburg, fund 2282, inventory 2, archival unit 100. The Imperial Institute for Experi-
mental Medicine. Sergei N. Winogradsky's personal file. 284 sheets. (In Russian).
3. Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg, fund 11, inventory 1, archival unit 3950. Files of the Alexander Impe-
rial Lyceum, and Director of the Lyceum, State Councillor Alexander P. Salomon. 122 sheets. (In Russian).
Review
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
4. Grekova T.I., Golikov Yu.P. Medical Petersburg. St. Petersburg: Folio-Press Publisher, 2001. 416 p. (In Russian).
5. Kolotilova N.N. Becoming of Ecological Trends in National Microbiology in Writings of Sergey N Winogradsky, His Contempo-
raries and Followers (Late 19th - Mid 20th cc.). Synopsys of Doctoral diss. Moscow, 2013. 52 p. (In Russian).
6. Mazing Yu.A., Andryushkevich T.V., Golikov Yu.P., eds. Stories about the Great Bacteriologist Sergey N. Vinogradsky.
St. Petersburg: Rostok Publisher, 2002. 320 p. (In Russian).
7. Official Gazette [St. Petersburg] 10 (23) July 1913. (In Russian).
8. Waksman S.A. Sergei N. Winogradsky: His Life and Work: The Story of a Great Bacteriologist. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rut-
gers University Press, 1953.
9. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and
G.A. Savina. Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. (In Russian).
10. Zavarzin G.A. "Answer to Some Questions." Priroda [Nature] 7 2006: 64 — 65. (In Russian).
Cite MLA 7:
Mazing, Yu. A. "Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina. Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]." Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time 12.2 (2016). Web. <2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast12-2.2016.83>. (In Russian).
УДК 655.552
ЛЕТОПИСЬ ЖИЗНИ СЕРГЕЯ ВИНОГРАДСКОГО: ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ
Виноградский С.Н. Летопись нашей жизни / Архив РАН; Институт микробиологии
им. С.Н. Виноградского РАН: Редкол.: Афиани В.Ю., Гальченко В.Ф., Пименов Н.В. и др.;
Коммент. и сост. Колотилова Н.Н., Савина Г.А. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2013. — 808 с. [Рецензия]
Мазинг Юрий Андреевич, доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией истории медицины ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины», Санкт-Петербург
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-242X
E-mail: yury-a-mazing@j-spacetime.com; mzng@mail.ru
Рецензия на изданную Архивом РАН и Институтом микробиологии им. С.Н. Виноградского РАН автобиографическую хронику выдающегося микробиолога С.Н. Виноградского, написанную им в 1941 — 1942 гг. в эмиграции, призвана дать представление о колоссальной био-библиографической и редакторской работе, проделанной при подготовке к печати не издававшихся и недоступных ранее архивов ученого. Анализ структуры издания не только вводит в курс биографии С.Н. Виноградского и формирует представление о его широчайшей сфере научных и гуманитарных интересов, но и позволяет проследить логику научного исследования его наследия. При этом данная рецензия является одновременно и опытом комментированного чтения, где комментарии, касающиеся конкретных реалий жизни и деятельности ученого (уточнение санкт-петербургской топонимики, особенностей социального статуса профессорско-преподавательского состава в Российской империи, отдельных имен, упоминаемых Виноградским в «Летописи»), позволяют лучше понять социально-исторический контекст научного и гуманитарного мировоззрения одного из ведущих микробиологов конца XIX — начала ХХ вв..
Ключевые слова: отечественная и мировая биология; Сергей Николаевич Виноградский; Императорский Институт экспериментальной медицины; статус профессорско-преподавательского состава в императорских институтах; архивные документы; комментарии.
Review
Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time vol. 12, issue 2 Post scriptum / Translations, Reviews, Opinions
Elektronische wissenschaftliche Auflage Almanach 'Raum und Zeit' Bd. 12, Ausgb. 2 Post scriptum / Übersetzungen, Rezensionen, Meinungen
Review
Mazing Yu.A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina.
Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review]
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
1. Архив Института экспериментальной медицины. Личное дело № 320 И.П. Павлова. 98 л.
2. Центральный Государственный архив Санкт-Петербурга. Ф. 2282. Оп. 2. Ед. хр. 100. Императорский
Институт Экспериментальной Медицины. Личное дело Виноградского Сергея Николаевича. 284 л.
3. Центральный Государственный исторический архив Санкт-Петербурга. Ф. 11. Оп. 1. Ед. хр. 3950. Дело
Императорского Александровского лицея. Действительного статского советника Александра Петровича Саломона, Директора Лицея. 122 л.
4. Виноградский С.Н. Летопись нашей жизни / Архив РАН; Институт микробиологии им. С.Н. Виноград-
ского РАН: Редкол.: Афиани В.Ю., Гальченко В.Ф., Пименов Н.В. и др.; Коммент. и сост. Колотило-ва Н.Н., Савина Г.А. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2013. 808 с.
5. Грекова Т.И., Голиков Ю.П. Медицинский Петербург. СПб.: Фолио-Пресс, 2001. 416 с.
6. Заварзин Г.А. Ответ на некоторые вопросы / / Природа. 2006. № 7. С. 64 — 65.
7. Колотилова Н.Н. Становление экологического направления в отечественной микробиологии в трудах
С.Н. Виноградского, его современников и последователей (конец XIX — середина XX вв.). Автореф. дисс. ... д. биол. н. М., 2013. 52 с.
8. Правительственный вестник. 1913. 10 (23) июля.
9. Рассказы о великом бактериологе С.Н. Виноградском / Сост.: Мазинг Ю.А., Андрюшкевич Т.В., Голиков
Ю.П. СПб.: Росток, 2002. 320 с.
10. Waksman S.A. Sergei N. Winogradsky: His Life and Work: The Story of a Great Bacteriologist. New Brunswick, N.J.:
Rutgers University Press, 1953.
Цитирование по ГОСТ Р 7.0.11—2011:
Mazing, Yu. A. Chronicle of Sergei Winogradsky's Life: St. Petersburg Context. Winogradsky S.N. Chronicle of Our Life. Eds. V.Yu. Afiani, V.F. Galchenko, N.V. Pimenov, N.N. Kolotilova, and G.A. Savina. Moscow: MAKS Press Publisher, 2013. 808 p. [Review] [= Летопись жизни Сергея Виноградского: петербургский контекст. Виноградский С.Н. Летопись нашей жизни / Архив РАН; Институт микробиологии им. С.Н. Виноградского РАН: Редкол.: Афиани В.Ю., Гальченко В.Ф., Пименов Н.В. и др.; Коммент. и сост. Колотилова Н.Н., Савина Г.А. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2013. — 808 с. Рецензия] [Электронный ресурс] / Ю.А. Мазинг // Электронное научное издание Альманах Пространство и Время. — 2016. — Т. 12. — Вып. 2. — Стационарный сетевой адрес: 2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast12-2.2016.83.
Review
