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91Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences
Scientific Journal Impact Factor
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R
VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 8 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2021: 5.423
CHINESE ARCHITECTURE
Tojiboev Islom Odil ugli
Student of Samarkand state Institute of foreign languages
ABSTRACT
This article discusses the architecture of the Chinese state, the role of construction and architecture in China's urbanization, and the importance of architecture today.
Keywords: Chinese civilization, Chinese architecture, architecture, wooden frames, wooden columns.
В этой статье обсуждается архитектура китайского государства, роль строительства и архитектуры в урбанизации Китая и важность архитектуры сегодня.
Ключевые слова: китайская цивилизация, китайская архитектура, архитектура, деревянные рамы, деревянные колонны.
INTRODUCTION
In the five-thousand-year history of Chinese civilization, many architectural structures have survived, many of which are considered global masterpieces and have been preserved to this day. Their diversity and originality reflect the antiquity and traditions of Chinese architecture. Most of the buildings in ancient China were made of wood. Houses and buildings, and even palaces, had huge wooden pillars. The pastes between the columns were filled with brick, clay, bamboo, or other materials.
METHODS
Over the millennia, China has developed a broad and unique culture, creating some of humanity's finest works of architecture and visual arts, literature and philosophy, music and theater.
Architecture is one of the clearest proofs of the evolution and even greatness of cultures. Thus, by focusing on a single cultural architecture, we can get a closer look at people's beliefs and customs. Several ancient buildings bear witness to one of the longest histories of 5,000 years around the world, with a long history of dust and harsh climates. Chinese architecture is unique because of the local knowledge of the land and its richness, the materials available, and most importantly, the customs and beliefs. Much of ancient Chinese architecture may not exist today because of a
АННОТАЦИЯ
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, R VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 8
educational, natural and social sciences ( ) ISSN 2181-1784
Scientific Journal Impact Factor SJIF 2021: 5.423
historical evolution that spanned several thousand years. However, the drawings are available not only for existing architectures, but also for existing architectures, so this article is devoted to the main features of Chinese architecture. Thus, the history of buildings is studied by the name of the period in which the building was built, but according to general ideas about them and their evolution in time and space.
Ancient Chinese architecture is an important part of the world architectural system, and for a long time gradually incorporated wood carving, stone floor construction, bucket arch buildings, and many other techniques. became a style. Chinese architecture always emphasizes width, not height. Architectural components such as tiles, windows, doors and columns are repeated in a horizontal direction. Chinese architecture exhibits two-way symmetrical and repetitive features in the horizontal direction, such as tiles, brackets, columns, windows, and doors. Always a strange and two-sided symmetrical bay is the main building block showing the area between the columns. Vertically, the architecture can be roughly divided into platform, wooden frame, wall, roof and so on. the building, which defines the global structure and size of the building, serves to separate the windows, doors, and walls between the columns. The columns consist of beams, purlins, and rafters, where the columns raise the transverse beams. The purlins, which are the horizontal elements in which the holes are located, are placed along the shoulders of the beams.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The most important feature is the use of a wooden frame. Painting and carving have been added to make the architectural work more beautiful and attractive. Ancient Chinese buildings have a long history, which can be explained by the Shan dynasty (16th century BC - 771 BC). It has its own principles of structure and location. For a long time, many wonders were created by hardworking and intelligent hardworking people. Ancient architectural wonders are innumerable, from the Great Wall, the White Horse Temple, the Mogao Caves to the Summer Palace, and the Forbidden City.
Ancient Chinese architecture is mostly made of wood. Wooden columns, beams, lintels and columns decorate the frame of the house. The wall serves the function of separating the rooms without lifting the weight of the whole house, which is unique to the whole of China. As the famous saying goes, "Chinese houses stand still even when the walls fall down." The peculiarity of wood requires the use of antiseptic methods, so it becomes a Chinese architectural painting decoration. Colorful glazed roofs, beautiful columnar windows and beautiful floral patterns on wooden columns
reflect the craftsmanship of the masters and their rich imagination.
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Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences
Scientific Journal Impact Factor
R
VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 8 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2021: 5.423
The layout of the courtyard complex is also unique to China. The main structure is on the central axis of the court, while the less important structures are on the left and right. The whole scheme is symmetrical. Compared to the open and closed European architectural style, the courtyard looks like a hand-drawn painting that has to be opened slowly. The scenery is different in each yard. Even when you take a few steps inside the yard, you will be amazed at the change in prospects. The view from the inside of two similar buildings through two windows is never the same.
Architecture and culture are closely intertwined. Many buildings have a cultural connection. Cultural facts help people better understand architectural structure and design. Imperial architecture, which is an important part of China's remarkable culture, notes the great ingenuity and creation of ancient peoples who had a great influence on modern architectural design. In general, this is the highest achievement of ancient Chinese architecture, which includes the imperial palace, mausoleum and garden architecture.
CONCLUSION
China is a large country with a history of 5,000 years, a unique natural environment, philosophy and aesthetics, and a unique culture, which is a great addition to other types of architecture and art, such as painting and poetry. 'shows the mystery. China is the fastest growing economy in the world, with an average growth rate of 10% over the past 30 years. Looking at the vast landscape of Chinese architecture, it can be concluded that the whole country is fanatically striving for modernity, because in this rapid economic growth, modernity is usually valued as an advanced style. Conversely, the tradition is out of fashion, meaning that the monotony of "traditional form" has been replaced by commercial, money-oriented, and bright forms that most customers like. The only thing that people do for commercial gain is tradition, the protection of the environment becomes a secondary issue. "In the instability of globalization in Chinese society, there is no serious consideration of its social value and core purpose.
REFERENCES:
1. Yin Yu Tang: The Architecture and Daily Life of a Chinese House. Boston: Tuttle Publishing, 2003.
2. Chinese Traditional Architecture. Edited by Nancy S. Steinhardt. New York: China
3. Ferguson, John C. "Architecture." In John Ferguson, Survey of Chinese Art, pp.
95-108.
