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6CHARACTERISTICS OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGIONS
Abdullaeva Barchinoy Yuldashevna
Lecturer, Department of "Management", Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan, Phone: + 99891-108-78-32
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФРУКТОВОГО И ОВОЩНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ В РЕГИОНАХ
Абдуллаева Барчиной Юлдашевна
Ассистент кафедры «Менеджмент» Ферганского политехнического института,
Узбекистан, телефон: + 99891-108-78-32
Abstract
This article presents the theoretical aspects of the study and development of the activity of fruit and vegetable products in the current pandemic conditions and their specific features. The development of the fruit and vegetable sector in the regions, the statistical study of the activities of specialized farms and the ways of their economic development were studied.
Аннотация
В данной статье представлены теоретические аспекты изучения и развития активности плодоовощной продукции в современных условиях пандемии и их особенности. Исследовано развитие плодоовощной отрасли в регионах, статистическое исследование деятельности специализированных хозяйств и пути их экономического развития.
Ключевые слова: сельское хозяйство, продукция, фрукты и овощи, садоводство, земледелие, статистическая оценка, статистические показатели, экономическая активность, динамика.
Key words: agriculture, products, fruit and vegetable, gardening, farming, statistical evaluation, statistical indicators, economic activity, dynamics.
I.INTRODUCTION
The coronavirus pandemic that is taking place around the world today, in turn, has a direct impact on the food security of countries as well. This, in turn, requires the acceleration of agricultural production in these areas, especially fruits and vegetables. In Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to the effective organization of this work, based on the current domestic and foreign market demand for these products. The agricultural sector plays an important role in supplying the population with foodstuffs and raw materials in the industry, with the result of recent economic reforms and consistent implementation of these measures, ensuring sustainable economic growth and increasing agricultural production.
Currently, the following tasks are considered as priorities in the agricultural sector:
- Increasing export potential of the sector;
- Full satisfaction of demand in local consumer markets.
Performing these tasks requires improvements in production of fruit and vegetable, horticulture and viticulture, enhancements in processing and delivery of them to customers, as well as advancements in statistical analyze. This research is very actual as it investigates statistical studies of structural changes in agriculture and evaluations of dynamics and trends of fruit - vegetable farms in terms of modernizing economy.
II. METHODOLOGY
In this research, statistical methods such as statistical observation, comparison, statistical
grouping, dynamics pumps, and economic indices were used. Scientific and practical recommendations have been developed based on the results of the statistical analysis and evaluation of the activities of farms specialized in fruit and vegetable farming.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Research shows that the population, farmers and dehkan farms play a special role in the production of fruits and vegetables, and today cotton, grain and cocoons grown by farms are purchased in an organized manner, while other products, especially fruits and vegetables, are sold through farmers' markets. sales are underway. The share of processing and processing enterprises in the regions remains very low in the process of delivery of fruits and vegetables to consumers.
At the same time, due to problems such as access to markets, organization of transport systems, procurement of packaging materials, farms growing fruits and vegetables, in the end, lead to the destruction of fruits and vegetables or their sale at low prices.
Statistical analysis shows that due to the existing problems in the process of storage and sale of farms in the regions:
- The yield of fruits and vegetables is 15-20%;
- There is a decline in product quality, as a result of which the farmer again loses an average of 10-15% of real income through the decline in product quality.
Therefore, in the future it is expedient to base the development of households, farmers and farms in the cultivation of fruits and vegetables on the following principles: strengthening and modernization of material
and technical base; development of cooperation and integration processes of farms; production of products based on internal and external market requirements; it is necessary to develop and implement effective and safe technologies.
Today, as a result of a sharp increase in global demand for these products, a number of benefits have been provided to fruit and vegetable producers in the use and disposal of crops, including exports.
Today, there is a growing demand to determine the real volume of fruits and vegetables grown in other regions. For example, the volume of fruit and vegetable exports can be projected at 20% of the gross harvest in the near future and up to 30% in the long run. At the same time, it will be necessary to process most of the exported products, not fresh fruits, grapes and vegetables, but to process them industrially, to increase the number of value-added products.
Consumption of fruits and vegetables and grapes by the rural population is mostly natural and differs little from monetary incomes and market prices. Most of the villagers grow fruits, grapes and vegetables on their private plots and consume them directly.
As for the demand of the urban population for fruits, vegetables and grapes, its size will largely depend on the amount of cash income of the population and the level of market prices for the product.
In our opinion, the use of existing opportunities to increase exports of fruits and vegetables will largely depend on the organization of a range of activities, from the preparation of raw materials to the conversion of foreign exchange earnings from the sale of finished products in international markets. To do this, it is necessary to take into account that the preparation of raw materials for fruit and vegetable products is intended for the production of export products, ie it must meet the requirements of international standards.
In the sale of products in foreign markets, it is important to pay special attention to their appearance. Apples and citrus fruits grown in foreign countries have the same appearance and beautiful texture. To do this, we believe that it is necessary to pay attention to the identification of export-oriented varieties (flower optimization, packaging, etc.) by farmers and dehkan farms, the population.
It is necessary to attract more foreign investors to study the best international practices in the production and sale of fruits, vegetables and grapes for export in the regions of Uzbekistan and to introduce modern technologies. Regions have a number of advantages for attracting foreign investors: cheap labor, government incentives, finished product markets, improved banking services, and so on. By using the above opportunities, the export potential of the region can be further increased.
IV. CONCLUSION
Based on this research, the following conclusions and recommendations were developed:
1. Research shows that statistical analysis of the results of household, dehkan and farm activities, identification of errors and shortcomings and focus on their elimination, identification of existing opportunities in the regions, their use, their timely
introduction into the production process We believe that it is important to identify ways, methods.
2. Many regions of Uzbekistan have great potential for growing fruits and vegetables: fertile soil, abundant water resources and a temperate climate, as well as the correct and rational use of farm labor, providing them with comprehensive access, which in turn will improve the regional economy and living standards. leads to improvement. However, there are a number of problems for the further development of these processes, the identification and timely elimination of which will lead to the expansion of fruit and vegetable production in the current pediatric conditions based on internal and external requirements.
3. Due to the low economic capacity of farmers in the regions, they are not able to rationally organize the preparation, transportation, storage and industrial processing of raw fruits and vegetables and achieve maximum efficiency. In this regard, there is an objective need to establish large infrastructure units to provide services to the sub-complex of fruits, vegetables and grapes, which in the future will play an important role in the entire process of reproduction. Given the importance of these economic entities, it is necessary to provide them with comprehensive organizational support in the study.
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