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42Современные инновации, системы и технологии // Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies
2022; 2(2) eISSN: 2782-2818 https://www.oajmist.com
УДК: 677.02 EDN: AYQVWF
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2022-2-2-0401-0408
Изменение технологических расстояний основных рабочих органов современных чесальных машин и их
анализ
Ф.Ф. Казаков, Н.Н. Саттарова, Ж. Умиров, И. Ражабов
Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Бухара, Узбекистан
Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются способы повышения производительности чесальной машины при переработке хлопкового волокна, зависящей от увеличения скоростных режимов основных очесывающих органов (приемного барабана и главных барабанов), с целью улучшения качества чесальных поверхностей, увеличения площади очеса. Приведены таблицы об интервалах, которые устанавливаются на технологическом оборудовании чесальной машины. В частности, использовались два гребнечесальных сегмента, а для окончательного размягчения продукции в центральной аспирационной зоне чесальных машин использовались три гребнечесальных сегмента и устройство очистки отходов. Сегменты, установленные на машине, изготовлены Rieter.
Ключевые слова: сорные примеси, волокна, пряжа, качество, производительность, эффективность, вытяжка, вытяжной прибор.
Для цитирования: Казаков, Ф.Ф., Саттарова, Н.Н., Умиров, Ж. & Ражабов, И. (2022). Изменение технологических расстояний основных рабочих органов современных чесальных машин и их анализ. Современные инновации, системы и технологии - Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies, 2(2), 0401-0408. https://doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2022-2-2-0401-0408
Changing the technological distances of the main working bodies of modern carding machines and their analysis
F.F. Kazakov, N.N. Sattarova, J. Umirov, I. Rajabov
Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Abstract. The article discusses ways to increase the performance of a carding machine during the processing of cotton fiber, depending on the increase in the speed modes of the main combing organs (receiving drum and main drums), in order to improve the quality of carding surfaces, increase the area of the combing. Tables are given about the intervals that are installed on the technological equipment of the carding machine. In particular, two combing segments were used, and three combing segments and
© F.F. Kazakov, N.N. Sattarova, J. Umirov, I. Rajabov, 2022
0401
a waste cleaning device were used for the final softening of the products in the central aspiration zone of the cards. The segments installed on the machine are made by Rieter.
Keywords: weed impurities, fibers, yarn, quality, productivity, efficiency, exhaust hood, exhaust device.
For citation: Kazakov, F., Sattarova, N., Umirov, J., & Rajabov, I. (2022). Changing the technological distances of the main working bodies of modern carding machines and their analysis. Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies, 2(2), 0401-0408. https://doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2022-2-2-0401-0408
INTRODUCTION
Each process is very important for the production of flat and high-quality yarn in the textile industry. At the same time, the carding process is of great importance. Sticky weeds and defects remain in the fibrous layers obtained from the baking and cleaning unit, which worsens the quality of the product. For this reason, the fibers are processed by combing through the fiber layers. In the process of combing, the fibrous product is divided into separate fibers, while weeds, fluffs and defects are separated, and then a tape suitable for extraction is formed on tape machines [1]. At the same time, about 80% of the dirt is removed by the card carding machine. 20% of impurities and defects pass into the roving, and then into the yarn. Defects and nodules can also occur in the carding machine, which also affects the subsequent technological processes and consistently the quality of the yarn. The comb contains from 30 to 50% fiber, which can be spun. The degree of parallelism and straightening of the fibers in the combed tape is not very good. As can be seen from the above, many tasks in the carding machine are not fully performed. In addition, despite the fact that the productivity of carding machines when spinning cotton fiber has increased to 180-220 kg/h in recent years, it remains low compared to the subsequent technological process [2]. Thus, improving the carding process on hat-carding machines is an important task that requires constant attention of researchers. It is known that in hat-carding machines, carding is divided into two parts: the receiving drum zone and the main drum and hats.
In the part of the receiving drum, the fiber is first combed, 70-80% of the incoming bundles are separated [3]. When working cotton on carding machines, the following works are performed:
• combing of fibers by dividing into small pieces;
• cleaning the fiber from sticky weeds and defects, combing part of the short fibers;
• significant (100-150 times) thinning of the fibrous layer;
• preparation of high-quality tape from combed and cleaned fiber and put it in a basin.
The ultimate goal of the spinning mill is to get a smooth, clean and durable yarn. To achieve this goal, it is possible to loosen the fibrous material, dividing it into separate fibers, thereby cleaning it from weeds and impurities.
Modern loosening and cleaning units (POA) provide effective loosening, mixing and cleaning of fibrous material [4-6].
The fibrous flow created by the POA consists of small, fairly homogeneous particles. After the POA, the fibers need a higher degree of purification to separate waste mixtures, mainly small impurities, which is provided by the carding process, the essence of which is to separate the fibers, remove impurities and defects, and partially orient the fibrous product along the axis of movement. Thus, the main goal of the carding machine is achieved-the regular movement of fibers at subsequent stages creates the necessary conditions for extraction on exhaust devices [7].
When spinning cotton fiber cardo carding is performed on a hat carding machine. Over the past decade, the processing capacity of medium-fiber cotton has increased to 180-220 kg per hour due to the constructive improvement and improvement of machine technology [8].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
It should be noted that since the middle of the XIX century, the technological scheme of the hat carding machine has hardly changed. All the main components performing the main technological processes are preserved in the machine: the feed unit, the receiving drum unit, the "main drum-caps" unit, all the main components of the separation drum units, the comb separator and the forming tape have been preserved. To maintain or improve the quality of carding an increase in the productivity of the machine is achieved through the development of the theory of carding. Increasing the productivity of the carding machine depends on increasing the speed modes of the main carding organs (receiving drum and main drums), improving the quality of carding surfaces and increasing the area of the carding. The technique of increasing the carding of the surface is achieved on the free surfaces of card amplifiers, main and separation drums [9].
There are a number of theoretical grounds that show the high efficiency of using additional carding surfaces during carding. To test these assumptions, we conducted a technological experiment at POSCO INTERNATIONAL TEXTILE.
The object of the experiment was a RIETER C 60 carding machine. Technical characteristics of the carding machine studied during the experiment.
1 - separator
2 - pull pipe;
3 - baking device;
4 - feeding table;
5 - fiber loosening and control of uniform fiber transfer;
6 - cleaning the cap and suction of waste;
7 - preliminary carding part;
8 - main drum;
9 - carding carding machine bar;
10 - leveling device;
J16 is
11 - combing out segments and combing out parts with a knife stroke;
12 - rollers;
13 - front line;
14 - separation drum;
15 - separation device;
16 - bottom box;
17 - drum alignment device;
18 - stacker tape device.
Figure 1. Scheme of the carding machine With 60.
Table 1. Carding Machine performance.
№
Technological performance
Indicators
1 Tape weight
2 product
3 stack
4 Change of basins
5 Total pulling carding machine
89.0g/meter 63.5 kg/p 168 m/min 50 min 8430m 141
6 Comb receiver 918 g/m
During the research on the carding machine, the following current distances were determined (Table 2). Table 2. Intervals set on the carding machine.
Working bodies wiring, mm
Feeding table of the receiving drum 0.45
Receiving drum-main drum 0.15
Main drum -hats
- output 0.3
- input 0.2
main drum- separation drum 0.8
Waste cleaning knife under the receiving drum 0.3
Main drum -preliminary carding segments:
- upper 0.5
- lower 0.55
the main drum is the last carding segment
- upper 0.3
- in the middle 0.3
- lower 0.25
- a box of collecting fluff 0.3
Rear knife-main drum:
- at the entrance 0.51
- when exiting 0.56
Front knife-main drum
- at the entrance 0.94
- at an output 0.8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The experiment was carried out on the assortment in production conditions, which required considerable time to work out different options.
Table 3 describes cotton fiber. Description of cotton fiber (the mixture consists of 95% 2-1 fiber and 5% waste).
Table 3. Description of cotton fiber.
Name Indicators
Staple length, mm 40/39.4
Modal length, mm 36.9
Base, % 25
humidity, % 6.3
Pollution, % 2.5
Number of kirovs, pcs 11
bale weight, kg 2288
Fiber number, No 7840
Breaking load of fiber RvsN 4.4
Relative value of the tensile strength of the fiber Rotn., cH/tex 34.5
Maturity 2
Type 2
Grade 1
There are five main groups that effectively process fiber with the RIETER C-60 carding machine:
1) self carding machine;
2) the mechanism of the tape stacker (tape stacker);
3) suction device;
4) ventilation;
5) pipe lines (filtrating - carding machines).
The carding machine consists of a feeding table, a feeding cylinder, a receiving and main drum, a separating drum, a set of hats, a roller device for removing the comb and an exhaust device. When processing cotton fiber, carding machines are equipped with a device for leveling dirt. The comb exits the outlet roller of the comb and then switches to the exhaust device [10, 11].
The segments installed on the machine are manufactured by Rieter. In order to improve the quality of the combing, the initial carding elements were used to ensure that the hat set was free. These elements allow the use of hats in large quantities with a large fiber capacity and high density. Depending on the raw materials and the type of carding machine, two to four carding segments can be used [12].
CONCLUSION
In our study, two combing segments were used in the posterior zone. For final softening, three combing segments and a waste cleaning device were used in the central suction system of the carding machines.
REFERENCES
[1] Usenko V.A. et al. Spinning of chemical fibers. M.: RIO MGTA, 1999, 471 p.
[2] Baranova A.A. Technology and equipment of textile production. UO "VGTU" Vitebsk, 2008, 358 p.
[3] Farxot Kazakov et al. Methods to improve hackles in the production of quality yarn, Jurnal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 2094. 042091.
[4] Kazakov F.F., Sattarova N.N., Rajabov A., Nodirova M. A study of the study of the basic physico-mechanical and technological properties of camel wool fiber, Scientific electronic journal Matrix of scientific knowledge, 2021, 6(2), 31-40.
[5] Kazakov F.F., Sattarova N.N., Shirinova N.I. Prospects for high-quality production of rovings on roving machines, Scientific journal Archivarius, 2021, 2(56), 36-41.
[6] Abrorov A., Fedorov S., Rajabov O., Kuvoncheva M., Mukhammadov M. Microstructural analysis of disc saws of fiber-extracting machines, AIP Conference Proceedings, 2021, 2402, 020050.
[7] Mardonov S.E., Shokirov L.B., Rakhimov H.K. Development of technology for obtaining starch gluing modified with uzkhitan and hydrolyzed emulsion, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 2094, 042070.
[8] Giyasova D.R., Sadullayeva D.R., Kazakova D.S. Research of increase the strength of warp yarns for knitting strong fabrics, AIP Conference Proceedings, 2021, 2402, 070044.
[9] Mardonov S., Saidov K. Structural and mechanical properties of new sizing compositions based on natural and synthetic water-soluble polymers, Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies, 2021, 1(3), 65-69.
[10] Giyasova D.R., Sadullaeva D.A., Kazakova D.S. Improving the drawing mechanism of a drawing frame machine for forming threads by preliminary estimate fabric quality indicators, Journal of critical reviews Multidisciplinary review journal, 2020, 7(5), 370-375.
[11] Rashit Nurboev et al. Improvement of product drafting process in drafting devices of the spinning machines with the application of straps, Jurnal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021,
2094, 042079.
[12] Kazakov F.F., Sattarova N.N. The main combing organs of the carding machine, International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2019, 6(11) 11658-11663.
ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ОБ АВТОРАХ /
Казаков Ф.Ф., Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Бухара, Узбекистан
E-mail: kazakov.f@mail.ru
Саттарова Н.Н., Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Бухара, Узбекистан
Умиров Ж., Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Бухара, Узбекистан
INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Kazakov F.F., Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan E-mail: kazakov.f@mail.ru
Sattarova N.N., Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Umirov J., Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Ражабов И., Бухарский инженерно- Rajabov I., Bukhara Engineering Technological
технологический институт, Бухара, Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Узбекистан
Статья поступила в редакцию 01.06.2022; одобрена после рецензирования 10.06.2022; принята
к публикации 22.06.2022.
The article was submitted 01.06.2022; approved after reviewing 10.06.2022; accepted for publication
22.06.2022.
