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УДК: 13.00.02
Kholmurodova E.Kh. english teacher Smirnova V. Yu. english teacher Tashkent institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University
CHALLENGES FOR TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY
METHODS
Annotation: The article discusses the search for effective methods, ways and techniques of learning, memorizing English words, which will expand and replenish the active and passive vocabulary of students in order to successfully master the English language
Key words: English, innovations, methods, learning through experience, mechanisms.
Our time is the time of searching for new methods, methods and techniques of teaching, which would help not only to teach qualitatively, but also to develop the potential of the student's personality. Modern education is aimed at preparing students not only to adapt and actively master situations of social change, but also to be competitive in the future. Some students have problems memorizing new foreign words, and therefore there is a need to consider more effective methods, methods and techniques for memorizing foreign words. Since, a good vocabulary is the basis of success.
When studying a foreign language, students develop speech, emotional and intellectual spheres, imagination, creativity, and all types of memory are trained. One of the important foundations for the development of speech skills is the possession of vocabulary. The famous Hungarian translator, one of the first simultaneous interpreters in the world, Kato Lomb, called the "word" - "brick" during the construction of the building. Just as a reliable and strong "brick" is important for a building, so for a language, a "word" should be a reliable and understandable form of expression of thought. Vocabulary is a collection of words, the vocabulary of any language. It is the most important component of speech activity in the system of language means: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Successful development of the ability to read, speak or understand by ear is impossible without solid knowledge and skills in the field of vocabulary, since it is used to receive and transmit information.
In this regard, in my lessons I pay serious attention to working on vocabulary. Teaching the vocabulary of a foreign language includes three stages:
1) familiarization with new material (presentation and explanation of words, phrases);
2) training in the use of lexical units (primary reinforcement);
3) the use of lexical units (inclusion of words in speech activity).
With the most effective and productive process of studying vocabulary, it is necessary to take into account the psychophysiological features, in particular, their types of memory. The memorization of words and phrases is particularly influenced by the type of personality, abilities and motivation, their mood for memorization. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of students' perception of information: the visual student studies and uses more visualization, the auditory student should listen to more audio and video materials, the kinesthetic student remembers better when he walks, writes or prints in the process of studying.
For the development of students' memory, they form mediated memorization, i.e. the use of aids, including signs-symbols. With age, the structure of memorization changes in a child, direct and involuntary memorization develops into a complex, consciously regulated activity, there is a transition from involuntary memory to voluntary. The best learners are words denoting specific objects that can be seen or touched with hands, and verbs denoting movement and actions that can be repeated and demonstrated by oneself. For example: English alphabet, counting, colors, seasons, greetings, toys, animals, family, body parts, food, clothing. When planning a presentation and working out lexical material, I, first of all, take into account such age-related features as curiosity, concrete-figurative thinking, involuntary memorization, unstable attention, fatigue, love of the game, excessive motor activity. Therefore, in the process of work, I actively include small poems, rhymes, games. When presenting vocabulary to younger students, I also use non-verbal methods: facial expressions and gestures. So children remember both actions and words. Figurative memory is more developed, therefore, visual aids (colorful pictures, objects) help them not only to reveal the meaning of the word, but also to memorize it. To fix the words in their memory, we practice them by using them in the appropriate contexts. One of the main types of children's creativity is drawing. Given the creative potential, in the process of teaching English vocabulary, I also include tasks for coloring, cutting and pasting pictures, tracing by dots, and this also helps in practicing the words being studied.
When teaching vocabulary in English lessons, I used and still use the following methods: "Audio linguistic method". I offer this memorization method to children who have a well-developed auditory memory. They can learn the language through oral assimilation of English text, songs, poems through listening to audio recordings, through watching films in English. For the formation of phonemic perception, elementary communicative skills and abilities in all types of speech activity (listening, reading, speaking, writing), I
use audio recordings in each lesson. This is in line with the new Federal State Educational Standard, in which a key place is given to the development of universal educational activities. "Memory card". Memory cards help to learn words thematically. When studying a certain topic, I suggest that students collect words that are thematically related in meaning and graphically with each other, a logical scheme is obtained. It is necessary to observe logic and visibility. Children memorize some of the words already in the very process of filling in, drawing a diagram, the rest are mastered by carefully looking at and thinking about connections and dependencies, and helps to reproduce from memory.
There are many methods, methods and techniques for memorizing vocabulary, each student chooses the one that is right for him. Success will depend only on the desire of the child, his perseverance and perseverance. The best way to learn English words correctly is to learn them with pleasure! Learning a foreign language, each child develops memory, attention, diligence, language guesswork, erudition, discipline, and this makes him more active, accustoms him to collective forms of work in a group, awakens curiosity, forms the child intellectually and aesthetically. And the teacher has the opportunity at an early stage to identify children capable of languages and prepare them for further serious study of a foreign language.
Использованные источники:
1. Vereshchagina I.N., Rogova G.V. Methods of teaching English at the initial stage in educational institutions. -M.: Enlightenment, 1998.
2. Galperin P.Ya. Modern methodology of the English language. -M.: Enlightenment, 1995 Galskova, N.D. Theory of teaching foreign languages: linguodidactics and methodology / N.D. Galskova, N.I. Gez - M.: "Academy", 2004.
3. Abidova D. M. WHY DO WE NEED SMART PEOPLE? //Interdisciplinary Conference of Young Scholars in Social Sciences. - 2021. - С. 1-3.
4. Abidova D. M. et al. SMART TEXNOLOGIYALAR ZAMONAVIY TENDENSIYA SIFATIDA //Academic research in educational sciences. -2021. - Т. 2. - №. CSPI conference 3. - С. 5-10.
5. Abidova D. M. Smart Cities: The Digital Revolution Is A Step Towards Positive Change //New Scientific Trends and Challenges. - 2023. - С. 105-107.
