CC BY
19
-ВЕСТНИК КАЗНМУ #2-2021 ---^
УДК 378.4
DOI 10.53065/kaznmu.2021.12.93.048
1 D. T. Adyrbekov, 1 A.T. Akchin, 2 M.K. Zhelderbaeva, 1 Zh.N. Bissenbayeva, 1 L.B. Abdulina
iMilitary Institute of Land forces Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan,
Almaty, Kazakhstan 2 Asfendiyarov Kazakh national medical university e-mail: zhanat 2006@mail.ru
CASE-METHOD OF TEACHING IN THE SYSTEM OF MODERN MEDICAL EDUCATION THROUGH
INTERACTIVE WEB TECHNOLOGIES
Resume: The article deals with the main aspects of the case method in the system of modern medical education and its importance in improving the effectiveness of education and training of doctors. The necessity of developing an Internet site by departments of higher medical educational institutions for the placement of educational materials, including for the implementation of the case method in training, is justified. In addition, the article indicates that the use of the case method in teaching using interactive web technologies contributes to a convenient visual presentation of educational information using the latest educational technologies, in particular multimedia, audio materials, which improves the quality of training, leads to increased motivation for self-learning. This method of teaching helps to improve the organization of active cognitive activity of students, the development of logical thinking, analysis, generalization, systematization and evaluation of information, form new competencies and the realization of creative potential.
Keywords: case method, medical education, innovations, modern training technologies, clinical case, simulator, medical web quest.
Introduction Currently, the Case-Based Learning method is used and actively developed for training and advanced training of specialists in various fields of education. This is a "research approach that is used for a deep and multifaceted understanding of a complex problem in the context of real life", which is aimed not so much at obtaining new knowledge, but at developing professional competence, skills and thinking skills. A case method used in medicine can include a set of clinical cases that are offered to users in the learning process for analysis in an interactive mode. Recently, multimedia presentation of cases has become increasingly popular [4]. The introduction of the case method of training into the educational process is due to the fact that one of the main directions in the field of higher medical education is the need to significantly strengthen the practical aspect of training future doctors, as well as high-quality training while maintaining an appropriate level of theoretical knowledge. And the classical system of clinical medical education is not able to fully solve the problem of practical training of a doctor. The main obstacles to this are the lack of continuous feedback between the student and the teacher, the impossibility of practical illustration of the entire variety of clinical situations. In this regard, the emergence of a case-based learning method using interactive web technologies is an integral direction of modern medical education, and computer modeling based on real patient data (ECG, Echo-KG, CT, etc. it allows you to predict the tactics of examination and treatment, taking into account the clinical situation and current international recommendations on various medical issues, reduces the potential risk for the patient and ultimately improves the quality of medical care [1, 2, 3, 4].
Research methods. Materials and methods The prerequisites for the introduction of the case method in teaching with the help of interactive web technologies in the clinical department are the periodic absence of thematic patients to demonstrate to students, the impossibility of practical illustration of the entire variety of clinical situations; the need to significantly strengthen the practical aspect of training future doctors, as well as high-quality postgraduate training while maintaining an
appropriate level of theoretical knowledge; the need to optimize traditional means, methods and forms of training; the need for high-quality visualization of additional survey methods; the need to improve knowledge control methods, the introduction of computer testing; the need to introduce new information and educational web-based learning technologies into the educational process, which increase the effectiveness of teaching and learning. Introduction of the latest forms of mastering practical skills into the educational process is the main task of modern medical education [1,2].
Results A case-based software training method can be implemented using the following components :
1. Presentation of clinical cases (narrative presentation of a clinical case);
2. Simulators of clinical cases (combination of a specific clinical case with logically related test tasks);
3. Interactive simulators for practicing practical skills (combining theoretical material on a specific topic with a large number of test clinical situational tasks);
4. Medical educational web quest (a combination of several topics in the discipline "internal diseases" in the framework of a single problem with elements of interactive games in the style of a detective, building scenario with 190 branching and combination of theoretical material on several topics, with practical skills and test equipment).
The use of case-method learning with interactive web technologies facilitate convenient visual representation of the educational information using the latest educational technologies, in particular multimedia, audio that enhances learning, increases the motivation to self-education, develops logical thinking, promotes in-depth analysis of modern standards of diagnostics and treatment tailored to the specific clinical situation, the algorithm creates thinking and action, as is interdisciplinary and practically oriented, This is the basis for continuous professional development of a doctor. Thus, the introduction of the case method in training with the help of interactive web technologies into the educational process is an important component of modern active medical training, both at the pre-graduate and post-
graduate stages of education as part of advanced training. It help to improve the organization of active cognitive activity of students, development of logical thinking, analysis, synthesis, systematization and evaluation of information, form new competencies (computer skills, increased vocabulary), the realization of the creative potential (development of research and creative abilities), as well as develop the ability to use your theoretical data in terms of a specific problem (clinical case), which is the basis of the daily activities of a physician. The use of case-method learning with interactive web technologies real clinical cases allows to simulate various clinical situations using modern web technologies, including rare cases of clinical skills diagnosis and treatment algorithms, algorithms of action in a particular clinical situation, gives the opportunity for repeated practice of specific exercises and action on the proposed algorithms (unlimited number of repetitions of skills
training), provides an individual approach to the training / advanced training of medical personnel, and as a result, provides an improvement in the quality of medical care. The accumulated database of clinical cases with detailed visualization of the results of the examination can provide an opportunity to significantly improve the quality of medical education.
Conclusion. The advantages are also that a clinical experience in a virtual environment does not have a risk for the patient, using the test control is carried out objective assessment of the achieved skill level, training can occur at a convenient time, regardless of the clinic's work, some of the functions of the teacher is transferred to the virtual simulator, which contributes to the formation of independence in decision-making, and as a consequence there is an increase in the effectiveness of training health professionals according to the new high-tech methods.
REFERENCES
1 Zhuravleva, L. V. the value of educational web-quest as an important component of practical-oriented continuous postgraduate training of doctors / L. V. Zhuravleva, N. A. Lopina // Actual issues of quality of medical education (with remote connection of VM(F)NC of Ukraine with the help of video conferencing): materials of the XIII All-Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation, Ternopil, 12-13 July. 2016 : in
2 vols. / ternopil state medical university named after i. ya. gorbachevsky. - Ternopil: TSMU, 2016. - Vol. 2. - pp. 268269.
2 Zhuravleva, L. V. Information content of the medical educational web quest / L. V. Zhuravleva, N. A. Lopina //
Modern Web technologies for educational purposes: prospects and directions of development : collection of articles by participants of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, May 13-15, 2016; edited by S. V. Mironova, S. V. Napalkov. - Arzamas: Arzamas branch of Nizhny Novgorod state University, 2016. - S. 160-164.
3 Murav'ev, K. A. Simulation training in medical education - a turning point / K. A. Murav'ev, A. B. Khodjayan, S. V. Roy / / Fundamental Research. - 2011. - No. 10-3. - pp. 534-537.
4 Putintsev, A. N. Case-method in medical education: modern software products / A. N. Putintsev, T. V. Alekseev / / International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. - 2016. - No. 12-9. - pp. 1655-1659.
1 Д.Т. Адырбеков, 1 А.Т. Акчин, 2 М.К. Желдербаева, 1 Ж.Н. Бисенбаева, 1 Л.Б. Абдулина
1 Военный институт Сухопутных войск МО РК, Алматы, Казахстан 2 Казахский национальный медицинский университет имени С.Д. Асфендиярова
КЕЙС-МЕТОД ОБУЧЕНИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ СОВРЕМЕННОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ
ИНТЕРАКТИВНЫХ ВЕБ-ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Резюме: В статье рассматриваются основные аспекты кейс-метода в системе современного медицинского образования и его значение в повышении эффективности образования подготовки врачей. Обоснована необходимость разработки интернет-сайта кафедрами высших медицинских образовательных учреждений для размещения образовательных материалов, в том числе и в целях реализации кейс-метода в обучении. Кроме этого в статье указано что, использование кейс-метода в обучении с помощью интерактивных веб-технологий способствуют удобному наглядном представлению учебной информации с использованием новейших образовательных технологий, в частности
мультимедиа, аудиоматериалов, что повышает качество обучения, приводит к повышению мотивации к самообучению. Данная методика обучения способствуют улучшению организации активной познавательной деятельности учащихся, развитию логического мышления, анализа, обобщения, систематизации и оценки информации, формируют новые компетенции и реализации креативного потенциала.
Ключевые слова: кейс-метод, медицинское образование, инновации, современные технологии обучения, клинический случай, тренажер, медицинский веб-квест.
1 Д.Т. Адырбеков, 1 А.Т. Акчин, 2 М.К. Желдербаева, 1 Ж.Н. Бисенбаева, 1 Л.Б. Абдулина
1КР КМ Курлыц эскерлершщ эскери институты, Алматы, Казацстан 2 С.Ж. Асфендияров атындагы Казац улттыц медициналыцуниверситет/
КЕЙС-ИНТЕРАКТИВТ1 ВЕБ-ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАР АРК;ЫЛЫ ЗАМАНАУИ МЕДИЦИНАЛЫЩ Б1Л1М БЕРУ ЖYЙЕСIНДЕ
опыту ЭД1С1
Тушн: Мацалада заманауи медициналыц бшш беру жyйесiндегi кейс-эд^тщ негiзгi аспектiлерi жэне оныц дэрiгерлердi даярлаудыщ быт беру тшмдшгт арттырудагы мащызы царастырылады. Бшм беру материалдарын орналастыру ушт, оныщ штде оцытудагы кейс-эдiстi кке асырумацсатында жогары медициналыц быш беру мекемелерi кафедраларыныщ интернет-сайтын эзiрлеу цажеттшт негiзделген. Сонымен цатар, мацалада интерактивтi веб-технологиялар квмегiмен оцытуда кейс-эдiстi цолдану жаща быш беру технологияларын, атап айтцанда мультимедиа, аудиоматериалдарды пайдалана отырып, оцу ацпаратын ыцгайлы кврнек усынуга
ыцпал етед1 бул оцыту сапасын арттырады, взiн-взi оцытуга деген ынтаныщ артуына экеледь Оцытудыщ бул эдктемеа оцушылардъщ белсендi танымдыц с эрекетт уйымдастыруды жацсартуга, ацпаратты логикалыц ойлауды, талдауды, жалпылауды, жyйелеудi жэне багалауды дамытуга ыцпал етед1 жаща цузыреттердi цалыптастырады жэне шыгармашылыц элеуеттiжузеге асырады. Тушнд1 свздер: кейс-эдс медициналыц бшм, инновациялар, оцытудыщ заманауи технологиялары, клиникалыц жагдай, тренажер, медициналыц веб-
квест.
